Spectator Sport and Fan Behavior a sequel

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Spectator sport and fan behavior: A sequel
Table of contents
Editorial: Spectator sport and fan behavior: a sequel
	Author contributions
	Funding
	Conflict of interest
	Publisher's note
	References
Missed a live match? Determinants of League of Legends Champions Korea highlights viewership
	1. Introduction
	2. Literature review
		2.1. Esports
		2.2. Determinants of sports fan demand
		2.3. Demand for highlights
		2.4. Present study
	3. Empirical methods
		3.1. Data
		3.2. Analysis
	4. Results
	5. Discussion
	6. Conclusion
	Data availability statement
	Author contributions
	Funding
	Conflict of interest
	Publisher's note
	References
Passionate hearts, torn loyalties: navigating the interplay between fandom and romance
	Introduction
		Sports fans
		Characteristics of sports fans
		Hobbies and addiction
		The conflict between fandom and family
		Sports fandom and gender in Israel
	Materials and methods
		Instrumentation and participants
		Data analysis
		Assurance of quality
	Findings and discussion
		That's what I signed up for
		Fandom as a gendered activity
		The good, the bad, and the ugly
		Sport fandom as an addiction
	Concluding remarks
	Data availability statement
	Ethics statement
	Author contributions
	Conflict of interest
	Publisher's note
	References
Online sports fans communities: humor, trivial knowledge, and anti-modern tendencies
	Introduction
	Humor as a common ground
	Trivial knowledge as an indicator of fandom's quality
	Anti-modern tendencies and embracing mediocrity
	From a supporter to a fan of the sports
	Author contributions
	Funding
	Conflict of interest
	Publisher's note
	References
Sport, the arts, and fans’ loyalty: the role of color for sport fans
	Theoretical background
		Esthetics and color
		Sport and society
	Discussion—the esthetics of color in sport
		Identifying figures and distinguishing them from the background
		Extending the duration of esthetic emotions
		Communities as active partners in creating esthetic emotion in sports
	Conclusion
	Author contributions
	References
Do Chinese viewers watch e-sports games for a different reason? Motivations, attitude, and team identification in predicting e-sports online spectatorship
	Introduction
	Literature review
		The theory of reasoned action and the intention to watch e-sports games online
		E-sports spectatorship motivations
		Past behavior and satisfaction with past experience
		Attitude as a mediator
		The role of team identification
	Method
		Data collection and sample
		Measurement
		E-sports game online spectatorship motivation
		Attitude towards e-sports game online spectatorship
		Subjective norm
		Satisfaction with past experience
		Team identification
		Future watching intention
		Control variables
		Data analysis
	Results
		Hierarchical regression
		Path analysis
		Mediation effect
		Moderation effect
	Discussion and conclusion
		Key spectatorship motivations among Chinese e-sports fans
		Satisfaction with past watching experience
		Explicating the role of attitude and team identification in e-sports spectatorship
		Practical implication
		Limitation
	Data availability statement
	Ethics statement
	Author contributions
	References
From legends to legacy: the impact of fan influence on retiring athletes in premier league basketball
	Introduction
		Sports fans
		Athletes, age(ing), and retirement
	Methodology
		Participants
		Instruments
		Data analysis
		Ethical requirements and quality assurance
	Findings and discussion
		Feelings of betrayal and ingratitude
		A farewell tour toward disengagement from one’s professional career
		The media’s role in shaping beliefs and attitudes
	Conclusions and summary
	Data availability statement
	Ethics statement
	Author contributions
	References
Sports venue digital twin technology from a spectator virtual visiting perspective
	Introduction
	Theoretical prisms and perspectives
	Digital twin technology in sport spectacle
		Visualization and simulation
		Spectator engagement
		Operational optimization
		Sustainability and environmental impact
		Decision-making support and planning
		Marketing, customer and public relations, and sponsorship opportunities
		Post-event analysis and evaluation
	Digital twins functionality in the framework of sport event management
	Guidelines of DT development and implementation
		Four Ps of digital twins and digital thread
			Product digital twin
			Production digital twin
			Performance digital twin
			People digital twin: extending the typology and the digital thread
			Integration of “people” with the three existing Ps
			Integration of all Ps through the digital thread
	Explaining digital twins in sport event management
		Three pillars principles of integration, dissemination, and maintenance of DT
		Entry barriers in the digital twin sports arena
		Data privacy digital twin arena
	Conclusion
		Limitations and research directions
		Theoretical and practical implications
	Author contributions
	Funding
	Conflict of interest
	Publisher's note
	References
“I don’t watch that anymore”: an analysis of online comments by German soccer fans on their relationship to their favored clubs
	1 Introduction
	2 Theoretical background
	3 Literature review
	4 Materials and methods
	5 Results and discussion
		5.1 Fans’ perspective on their relationship to their favored soccer club
		5.1.1 Negative changes of the emotional relationship
		5.1.2 Negative behavioral changes in the relationship
		5.1.3 No change or positive changes in the relationship
		5.2 Fans’ perspective on developments in the context of German soccer
		5.2.1 Commercialization
		5.2.2 Governance
		5.2.3 Attractiveness
		5.2.4 COVID-19 pandemic
	6 Conclusion
		6.1 Theoretical implications
		6.2 Managerial implications
		6.3 Limitations and areas of future research
	Data availability statement
	Author contributions
	References
The attitude of online fans: perceived value, expectation, and identification on VAR satisfaction
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature review
		2.1 Perceived value and fan satisfaction
		2.2 Fan expectation and fan satisfaction
		2.3 Fan identification and fan satisfaction
	3 Methods
		3.1 Questionnaire design
		3.2 Selection of variables
		3.3 Data collection and analyses
	4 Results
	5 Discussion
	6 Conclusion
	7 Limitations and suggestions for future research
	Data availability statement
	Ethics statement
	Author contributions
	References
The surprising role of marital status on sport second-screening: demographic influences during the 2022 world cup viewing in Israel
	Introduction
		TV sport viewing: from single task to multi-task and multi-platform
		Second screening during sport games
		Marital status and sport engagement
	Methodology
		Findings
		Testing for significant differences of the research variables according to family status
		Testing for significant differences of the research variables according to socioeconomic status
		Testing for significant differences of the research variables according to the level of education
		Testing for significant differences of the research variables according to the participants' gender
	Discussion and conclusions
	Data availability statement
	Ethics statement
	Author contributions
	Funding
	Conflict of interest
	Publisher's note
	References
	Appendix
	Appendix 1 - Survey questions
Creative webs: decoding the creativity potential of Twitter followers
	1 Introduction
	2 Related work
		2.1 Creativity
		2.2 Social networks
		2.3 Social capital
		2.4 Online bridging social capital on Twitter diversified social networks
		2.5 Diversified social networks
		2.6 Diversified social networks online
		2.7 Remote social connections, information diversity, and creativity
	3 Materials and methods
		3.1 Procedure
		3.2 Measures
	4 Results
	5 Discussion
	6 Conclusion
	Data availability statement
	Ethics statement
	Author contributions
	References
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