Solvent Extraction: Classical and Novel Approaches

Introduction......Page 1
References......Page 2
Copyright......Page 4
Preface......Page 48
1. Introduction......Page 115
2. Extraction Stage......Page 117
3. Stripping Organic Solutions......Page 127
4. Extraction Efficiency......Page 128
5. Equipment Design For Continuous Extraction-Stripping Processes......Page 131
6. Solvent Losses......Page 140
8. Problems With Scale-Up To Industrial Systems......Page 141
References......Page 142
1. Introduction......Page 143
11 Final Remarks on the Competitive Complexation/Solvation Theory of Solvent Extraction and its Application......Page 275
A......Page 323
B......Page 324
C......Page 325
D......Page 327
E......Page 328
H......Page 329
K......Page 330
M......Page 331
N......Page 333
P......Page 334
R......Page 335
S......Page 336
T......Page 338
Z......Page 339
1. Introduction......Page 340
References......Page 359
1. Introduction......Page 393
2. Engineering Considerations in Experimental Investigation of CCST......Page 394
3. Experimental Techniques for the Presented Theory......Page 396
4. Determination of Extraction Constant and its Comparison with Ccst Affinity Constant Ratios......Page 399
5. Analytical methods used for the CCST verification......Page 401
References......Page 402
References......Page 434
1. Introduction......Page 436
2. Novel Molecular Models Theoretical Approach......Page 437
4. Expected Advances in Kinetics Studies......Page 439
5. Supramolecular SUPRAS Theoretical Approach......Page 440
5.1.1. Principles of Self-assembly......Page 441
5.1.2. The First Self-assembly Process Self-assembly of Amphiphilic Molecules......Page 442
5.1.3. Second Self-assemble: From Nanometer-Sized Amphiphilic Aggregates to Micrometer-Sized Liquid Phases Separation......Page 444
References......Page 446
2. SI fundamental a and derived b Units used in the book......Page 507
4. Abbreviations for processes and techniques, described in the book......Page 508
6. Detection techniques in analytical chemistry, connected with solvent extraction pretreatment......Page 510
8. Abbreviations for Organic Compounds......Page 511
9. Structures of some extractants......Page 514
10. Some Examples of Metal Complexes......Page 518
Referenced Sources for Appendix data......Page 519
1. Introduction......Page 520
2.1. Stepwise Solvation?Complexation Interactions......Page 521
2.2. Competition Between Basic Interactions at Extraction......Page 527
2.3. Acid?Base Interaction Model and Amphoterism......Page 529
2.4. Aggregation......Page 530
3.1. General Considerations......Page 536
3.2. Analysis of the M?E?W System......Page 538
3.3. Analysis of More Complicated Extraction Systems......Page 541
3.4. Independence and Transferability of Affinity Constant Values......Page 542
3.5. Comparison of Classical and CCST Mathematical Descriptions......Page 543
4.1. Experimental Techniques Used with the CCST......Page 544
4.2. TitaniumIV Extraction by DEHPA......Page 545
5. Summarizing Remarks......Page 548
References......Page 549
Solvent Extraction: Classical and Novel Approaches......Page 553
Copyright......Page 554
Preface......Page 555
Introduction......Page 557
References......Page 558
1. Introduction......Page 712
2. Extraction Stage......Page 714
3. Stripping Organic Solutions......Page 724
4. Extraction Efficiency......Page 725
5. Equipment Design For Continuous Extraction-Stripping Processes......Page 728
6. Solvent Losses......Page 737
8. Problems With Scale-Up To Industrial Systems......Page 738
References......Page 739
1. Introduction......Page 870
References......Page 906
1. Introduction......Page 909
2. Engineering Considerations in Experimental Investigation of CCST......Page 910
3. Experimental Techniques for the Presented Theory......Page 912
4. Determination of Extraction Constant and its Comparison with Ccst Affinity Constant Ratios......Page 915
5. Analytical methods used for the CCST verification......Page 917
References......Page 918
References......Page 950
1. Introduction......Page 952
2.1. Stepwise Solvation?Complexation Interactions......Page 953
2.2. Competition Between Basic Interactions at Extraction......Page 959
2.3. Acid?Base Interaction Model and Amphoterism......Page 961
2.4. Aggregation......Page 962
3.1. General Considerations......Page 968
3.2. Analysis of the M?E?W System......Page 970
3.3. Analysis of More Complicated Extraction Systems......Page 973
3.4. Independence and Transferability of Affinity Constant Values......Page 974
3.5. Comparison of Classical and CCST Mathematical Descriptions......Page 975
4.1. Experimental Techniques Used with the CCST......Page 976
4.2. TitaniumIV Extraction by DEHPA......Page 977
5. Summarizing Remarks......Page 980
References......Page 981
11 Final Remarks on the Competitive Complexation/Solvation Theory of Solvent Extraction and its Application......Page 985
1. Introduction......Page 989
1. Introduction......Page 991
2. Novel Molecular Models Theoretical Approach......Page 992
4. Expected Advances in Kinetics Studies......Page 994
5. Supramolecular SUPRAS Theoretical Approach......Page 995
5.1.1. Principles of Self-assembly......Page 996
5.1.2. The First Self-assembly Process Self-assembly of Amphiphilic Molecules......Page 997
5.1.3. Second Self-assemble: From Nanometer-Sized Amphiphilic Aggregates to Micrometer-Sized Liquid Phases Separation......Page 999
References......Page 1001
2. SI fundamental a and derived b Units used in the book......Page 1076
4. Abbreviations for processes and techniques, described in the book......Page 1077
6. Detection techniques in analytical chemistry, connected with solvent extraction pretreatment......Page 1079
8. Abbreviations for Organic Compounds......Page 1080
9. Structures of some extractants......Page 1083
10. Some Examples of Metal Complexes......Page 1087
Referenced Sources for Appendix data......Page 1088
A......Page 1089
B......Page 1090
C......Page 1091
D......Page 1093
E......Page 1094
H......Page 1095
K......Page 1096
M......Page 1097
N......Page 1099
P......Page 1100
R......Page 1101
S......Page 1102
T......Page 1104
Z......Page 1105
Solvent Extraction: Classical and Novel Approaches......Page 1106