SOILS AS A KEY COMPONENT OF THE CRITICAL ZONE 4: s oils and water quality

Cover
 Half-Title Page
 Title Page
 Copyright Page
 Contents
 Foreword
 Introduction
 1. Water Quality in Soils
 1.1. Elementary weathering reactions
 1.2. Weathering as a CO2 sink
 1.3. Neoformations
 1.3.1. Neoformation reactions
 1.3.2. Arenization and pedogenesis
 1.4. The weathering rate of rocks
 1.4.1. Mass balance of granite weathering
 1.4.2. Influence of soil heterogeneity: dilution and dissolution
 1.5. Aluminum dynamics in solution
 1.5.1. Application of the model of partial charges to the polyacid nature of aluminum
 1.5.2. Aluminum hydroxide solubility as a function of pH 1.5.3. Field data1.5.4. Aluminum condensation
 1.6. Formation paths of aluminum hydroxides
 1.6.1. The reaction mechanisms of aluminum
 1.6.2. Kinetic interpretation
 1.6.3. \"Amorphous\" aluminous gels
 1.6.4. Aluminum toxicity
 1.6.5. Aluminization of interlayers of clay minerals
 1.7. Exchange acidity and lime requirement
 1.8. The gibbsite-kaolinite-quartz system
 1.8.1. Equilibrium and non-equilibrium
 1.8.2. Gibbsite, a ubiquitous mineral
 1.8.3. The significance of the biogeochemical cycle of silicon
 1.9. The dynamics of iron
 1.9.1. Iron: the main indicator of hydromorphy 1.9.2. Soil color1.9.3. Qualitative field tests
 1.9.4. rH measurements
 1.9.5. Study methods of the iron redox state in soil solution
 1.9.6. Study methods of solid constituents in hydromorphic soils
 1.9.7. Fougerite: mineralogical structure, composition and stability
 1.9.8. Application of the model of partial charges to the determination of the Gibbs free energy of fougerite
 1.9.9. Formation paths of iron oxides
 1.9.10. Iron dynamics according to aerobiose/anaerobiose variations
 1.9.11. Fougerite reactivity: influence on other biogeochemical cycles 1.9.12. Fougerite and the origin of life1.10. Clay minerals formation
 1.10.1. The precursors of clay minerals
 1.10.2. The genesis of clay minerals by hydroxide silicification
 1.11. Subtractive weathering and pedogenesis
 1.11.1. A general subtractive evolution in temperate or tropical environment
 1.11.2. The pedological reorganization of matter
 1.11.3. The descent of horizons in landscapes
 1.11.4. Soils in pedogenesis-erosion-transport-sedimentation cycles
 1.12. Bibliography
 2. Irrigation, Water and Soil Quality
 2.1. Irrigation and global changes 2.2. The different salinization paths2.2.1. Alkalinity and the sense of variation of pH
 2.2.2. The acid sulfated path
 2.2.3. The neutral saline path
 2.2.4. The alkaline path
 2.3. From irrigation water to groundwater
 2.3.1. The salt balance
 2.3.2. The coupling of the crop model STICS, and the geochemical model Phreeqc
 2.3.3. Proton balance and the rhizosphere effect
 2.3.4. Simulation of soil-water-plant interactions
 2.4. Equilibrium and non-equilibrium in saline soils
 2.5. The use of deep groundwater
 2.6. Sodification and soil degradation
 2.7. Perspectives for irrigation