Software Error Detection through Testing and Analysis

SOFTWARE ERROR DETECTION THROUGH TESTING AND ANALYSIS......Page 5
CONTENTS......Page 9
Preface......Page 11
1 Concepts, Notation, and Principles......Page 13
1.1 Concepts, Terminology, and Notation......Page 16
1.2 Two Principles of Test-Case Selection......Page 20
1.3 Classification of Faults......Page 22
1.4 Classification of Test-Case Selection Methods......Page 23
1.5 The Cost of Program Testing......Page 24
2 Code-Based Test-Case Selection Methods......Page 26
2.1 Path Testing......Page 28
2.2 Statement Testing......Page 29
2.3 Branch Testing......Page 33
2.4 Howden’s and McCabe’s Methods......Page 35
2.5 Data-Flow Testing......Page 38
2.6 Domain-Strategy Testing......Page 48
2.7 Program Mutation and Fault Seeding......Page 51
2.8 Discussion......Page 58
Exercises......Page 63
3 Specification-Based Test-Case Selection Methods......Page 65
3.1 Subfunction Testing......Page 67
3.2 Predicate Testing......Page 80
3.3 Boundary-Value Analysis......Page 82
3.4 Error Guessing......Page 83
3.5 Discussion......Page 84
Exercises......Page 85
4 Software Testing Roundup......Page 88
4.1 Ideal Test Sets......Page 89
4.2 Operational Testing......Page 92
4.3 Integration Testing......Page 94
4.4 Testing Object-Oriented Programs......Page 96
4.6 Criteria for Stopping a Test......Page 100
4.7 Choosing a Test-Case Selection Criterion......Page 102
Exercises......Page 105
5.1 Symbolic Trace and Program Graph......Page 106
5.2 The Concept of a State Constraint......Page 108
5.3 Rules for Moving and Simplifying Constraints......Page 111
5.4 Rules for Moving and Simplifying Statements......Page 122
5.5 Discussion......Page 126
5.6 Supporting Software Tool......Page 138
Exercises......Page 143
6 Static Analysis......Page 144
6.1 Data-Flow Anomaly Detection......Page 146
6.2 Symbolic Evaluation (Execution)......Page 149
6.3 Program Slicing......Page 153
6.4 Code Inspection......Page 158
6.5 Proving Programs Correct......Page 164
Exercises......Page 173
7 Program Instrumentation......Page 175
7.1 Test-Coverage Measurement......Page 176
7.2 Test-Case Effectiveness Assessment......Page 177
7.3 Instrumenting Programs for Assertion Checking......Page 178
7.4 Instrumenting Programs for Data-Flow-Anomaly Detection......Page 181
7.5 Instrumenting Programs for Trace-Subprogram Generation......Page 193
Exercises......Page 204
Appendix A: Logico-Mathematical Background......Page 206
Appendix B: Glossary......Page 225
Appendix C: Questions for Self-Assessment......Page 232
Bibliography......Page 249
Index......Page 265