Software Engineering, 9th Edition

Software  Engineering (2011 - 9th edition)\r......Page 1
ISBN-13: 9780137035151......Page 3
PREFACE......Page 4
Integration with the Web......Page 5
Changes from previous editions......Page 6
Support materials......Page 7
Acknowledgments......Page 8
Contents at a glance......Page 9
--> CONTENTS......Page 10
Part 1 - Introduction to Software Engineering......Page 18
1 - Introduction......Page 20
1.1 Professional software development......Page 22
1.1.1 Software engineering......Page 24
1.1.2 Software engineering diversity......Page 27
1.1.3 Software engineering and the Web......Page 30
1.2 Software engineering ethics......Page 31
1.3 Case studies......Page 34
1.3.1 An insulin pump control system......Page 35
1.3.2 A patient information system for mental health care......Page 37
1.3.3 A wilderness weather station......Page 39
2 - Software processes......Page 44
2.1 Software process models......Page 46
2.1.1 The waterfall model......Page 47
2.1.2 Incremental development......Page 49
2.1.3 Reuse-oriented software engineering......Page 52
2.2.1 Software specification......Page 53
2.2.2 Software design and implementation......Page 55
2.2.3 Software validation......Page 58
2.3 Coping with change......Page 60
2.3.1 Prototyping......Page 62
2.3.2 Incremental delivery......Page 64
2.3.3 Boehm’s spiral model......Page 65
2.4 The Rational Unified Process......Page 67
3 - Agile software development......Page 73
3.1 Agile methods......Page 75
3.2 Plan-driven and agile development......Page 79
3.3 Extreme programming......Page 81
3.3.1 Testing in XP......Page 86
3.3.2 Pair programming......Page 88
3.4 Agile project management......Page 89
3.5 Scaling agile methods......Page 91
4 - Requirements engineering......Page 99
4.1 Functional and non-functional requirements......Page 101
4.1.1 Functional requirements......Page 102
4.1.2 Non-functional requirements......Page 104
4.2 The software requirements document......Page 108
4.3 Requirements specification......Page 111
4.3.1 Natural language specification......Page 113
4.3.2 Structured specifications......Page 114
4.4 Requirements engineering processes......Page 116
4.5 Requirements elicitation and analysis......Page 117
4.5.1 Requirements discovery......Page 120
4.5.2 Interviewing......Page 121
4.5.3 Scenarios......Page 122
4.5.4 Use cases......Page 123
4.5.5 Ethnography......Page 125
4.6 Requirements validation......Page 127
4.7 Requirements management......Page 128
4.7.1 Requirements management planning......Page 129
4.7.2 Requirements change management......Page 130
5 - System modeling......Page 135
5.1 Context models......Page 138
5.2.1 Use case modeling......Page 141
5.2.2 Sequence diagrams......Page 143
5.3.1 Class diagrams......Page 146
5.3.2 Generalization......Page 148
5.4 Behavioral models......Page 150
5.4.1 Data-driven modeling......Page 151
5.4.2 Event-driven modeling......Page 152
5.5 Model-driven engineering......Page 155
5.5.1 Model-driven architecture......Page 156
5.5.2 Executable UML......Page 159
6 - Architectural design......Page 164
6.1 Architectural design decisions......Page 168
6.2 Architectural views......Page 170
6.3 Architectural patterns......Page 172
6.3.1 Layered architecture......Page 174
6.3.2 Repository architecture......Page 176
6.3.3 Client–server architecture......Page 177
6.3.4 Pipe and filter architecture......Page 180
6.4 Application architectures......Page 181
6.4.1 Transaction processing systems......Page 183
6.4.2 Information systems......Page 184
6.4.3 Language processing systems......Page 186
7 - Design and implementation......Page 193
7.1 Object-oriented design using the UML......Page 195
7.1.1 System context and interactions......Page 196
7.1.2 Architectural design......Page 198
7.1.3 Object class identification......Page 199
7.1.4 Design models......Page 202
7.1.5 Interface specification......Page 205
7.2 Design patterns......Page 206
7.3.1 Reuse......Page 210
7.3.2 Configuration management......Page 212
7.3.3 Host-target development......Page 213
7.4 Open source development......Page 215
7.4.1 Open source licensing......Page 217
8 - Software testing......Page 222
8.1 Development testing......Page 227
8.1.1 Unit testing......Page 228
8.1.2 Choosing unit test cases......Page 230
8.1.3 Component testing......Page 233
8.1.4 System testing......Page 236
8.2 Test-driven development......Page 238
8.3.1 Requirements-based testing......Page 241
8.3.2 Scenario testing......Page 242
8.3.3 Performance testing......Page 244
8.4 User testing......Page 245
9 - Software evolution......Page 251
9.1 Evolution processes......Page 254
9.2 Program evolution dynamics......Page 257
9.3 Software maintenance......Page 259
9.3.1 Maintenance prediction......Page 263
9.3.2 Software reengineering......Page 265
9.3.3 Preventative maintenance by refactoring......Page 267
9.4 Legacy system management......Page 269
Part 2 - Dependability and Security......Page 278
10 - Sociotechnical systems......Page 280
10.1 Complex systems......Page 283
10.1.1 Emergent system properties......Page 286
10.1.2 Non-determinism......Page 288
10.1.3 Success criteria......Page 289
10.2 Systems engineering......Page 290
10.3 System procurement......Page 292
10.4 System development......Page 295
10.5 System operation......Page 298
10.5.1 Human error......Page 299
10.5.2 System evolution......Page 301
11 - Dependability and security......Page 306
11.1 Dependability properties......Page 308
11.2 Availability and reliability......Page 312
11.3 Safety......Page 316
11.4 Security......Page 319
12 - Dependability and security specification......Page 326
12.1 Risk-driven requirements specification......Page 328
12.2 Safety specification......Page 330
12.2.2 Hazard assessment......Page 331
12.2.3 Hazard analysis......Page 334
12.2.4 Risk reduction......Page 336
12.3 Reliability specification......Page 337
12.3.1 Reliability metrics......Page 339
12.3.2 Non-functional reliability requirements......Page 341
12.3.3 Functional reliability specification......Page 345
12.4 Security specification......Page 346
12.5 Formal specification......Page 350
13 - Dependability engineering......Page 358
13.1 Redundancy and diversity......Page 360
13.2 Dependable processes......Page 362
13.3 Dependable system architectures......Page 365
13.3.1 Protection systems......Page 366
13.3.2 Self-monitoring architectures......Page 367
13.3.3 N-version programming......Page 369
13.3.4 Software diversity......Page 370
13.4 Dependable programming......Page 372
14 - Security engineering......Page 383
14.1 Security risk management......Page 386
14.1.1 Life-cycle risk assessment......Page 389
14.2 Design for security......Page 392
14.2.1 Architectural design......Page 393
14.2.2 Design guidelines......Page 397
14.2.3 Design for deployment......Page 402
14.3 System survivability......Page 403
15 - Dependability and security assurance......Page 410
15.1.1 Verification and formal methods......Page 412
15.1.2 Model checking......Page 414
15.1.3 Automatic static analysis......Page 415
15.2 Reliability testing......Page 418
15.2.1 Operational profiles......Page 419
15.3 Security testing......Page 421
15.4 Process assurance......Page 423
15.4.1 Processes for safety assurance......Page 425
15.5 Safety and dependability cases......Page 427
15.5.1 Structured arguments......Page 428
15.5.2 Structured safety arguments......Page 431
Part 3 - Advanced Software Engineering......Page 440
16 - Software reuse......Page 442
16.1 The reuse landscape......Page 445
16.2 Application frameworks......Page 448
16.3 Software product lines......Page 451
16.4 COTS product reuse......Page 457
16.4.1 COTS-solution systems......Page 459
16.4.2 COTS-integrated systems......Page 462
17 - Component-based software engineering......Page 469
17.1 Components and component models......Page 472
17.1.1 Component models......Page 475
17.2 CBSE processes......Page 478
17.2.1 CBSE for reuse......Page 479
17.2.2 CBSE with reuse......Page 482
17.3 Component composition......Page 485
18 - Distributed software engineering......Page 496
18.1 Distributed systems issues......Page 498
18.1.1 Models of interaction......Page 502
18.1.2 Middleware......Page 504
18.2 Client–server computing......Page 505
18.3.1 Master-slave architectures......Page 507
18.3.2 Two-tier client–server architectures......Page 509
18.3.3 Multi-tier client–server architectures......Page 510
18.3.4 Distributed component architectures......Page 512
18.3.5 Peer-to-peer architectures......Page 515
18.4 Software as a service......Page 518
19 - Service-oriented architecture......Page 525
19.1 Services as reusable components......Page 531
19.2.1 Service candidate identification......Page 535
19.2.2 Service interface design......Page 538
19.2.3 Service implementation and deployment......Page 541
19.2.4 Legacy system services......Page 542
19.3 Software development with services......Page 544
19.3.1 Workflow design and implementation......Page 546
19.3.2 Service testing......Page 550
20 - Embedded software......Page 554
20.1 Embedded systems design......Page 557
20.1.1 Real-time system modeling......Page 561
20.1.2 Real-time programming......Page 563
20.2 Architectural patterns......Page 564
20.2.1 Observe and React......Page 565
20.2.2 Environmental Control......Page 567
20.2.3 Process Pipeline......Page 569
20.3 Timing analysis......Page 571
20.4.1 Process management......Page 575
21 - Aspect-oriented software engineering......Page 582
21.1 The separation of concerns......Page 584
21.2 Aspects, join points, and pointcuts......Page 588
21.3 Software engineering with aspects......Page 593
21.3.1 Concern-oriented requirements engineering......Page 594
21.3.2 Aspect-oriented design and programming......Page 597
21.3.3 Verification and validation......Page 601
Part 4 - Software Management......Page 608
22 - Project management......Page 610
22.1 Risk management......Page 612
22.1.2 Risk analysis......Page 615
22.1.3 Risk planning......Page 617
22.2 Managing people......Page 619
22.2.1 Motivating people......Page 620
22.3 Teamwork......Page 624
22.3.1 Selecting group members......Page 626
22.3.2 Group organization......Page 627
22.3.3 Group communications......Page 630
23 - Project planning......Page 635
23.1 Software pricing......Page 638
23.2.1 Project plans......Page 640
23.2.2 The planning process......Page 641
23.3 Project scheduling......Page 643
23.3.1 Schedule representation......Page 644
23.4 Agile planning......Page 648
23.5 Estimation techniques......Page 650
23.5.1 Algorithmic cost modeling......Page 652
23.5.2 The COCOMO II model......Page 654
23.5.3 Project duration and staffing......Page 662
24 - Quality management......Page 668
24.1 Software quality......Page 672
24.2 Software standards......Page 674
24.2.1 The ISO 9001 standards framework......Page 677
24.3 Reviews and inspections......Page 680
24.3.1 The review process......Page 681
24.3.2 Program inspections......Page 683
24.4 Software measurement and metrics......Page 685
24.4.1 Product metrics......Page 689
24.4.2 Software component analysis......Page 690
24.4.3 Measurement ambiguity......Page 693
25 - Configuration management......Page 698
25.1 Change management......Page 702
25.2 Version management......Page 707
25.3 System building......Page 710
25.4 Release management......Page 716
26 - Process improvement......Page 722
26.1 The process improvement process......Page 725
26.2 Process measurement......Page 728
26.3 Process analysis......Page 732
26.4 Process change......Page 735
26.5 The CMMI process improvement framework......Page 738
26.5.1 The staged CMMI model......Page 742
26.5.2 The continuous CMMI model......Page 744
Glossary......Page 750
Subject Index......Page 766
Author Index......Page 784