Social Change and Health in Sweden

Back cover......Page 0
Title page......Page 1
Imprint page......Page 2
Table of contents......Page 3
List of tables and figures......Page 6
Glossary......Page 7
Preface......Page 10
Foreword......Page 13
1. Introduction......Page 17
Outline......Page 18
250 years of public health......Page 20
Health transition after 1750......Page 21
Aims, concepts and perspectives......Page 26
Reference list......Page 38
2. Pre-Enlightenment: Life and death in God’s hand......Page 42
State, church and people......Page 43
War......Page 46
The Black Death......Page 47
Summary: Public health before the Enlightenment......Page 51
Reference list......Page 52
3. Mercantilism, the Enlightenment and the birth of epidemiology......Page 54
Introduction......Page 55
Mortality according to the statistics......Page 58
Men and women......Page 60
Town and country......Page 62
Science, learned societies and enlightened priests......Page 64
Popular advice from Sweden’s first paediatrician......Page 67
The enemies according to an enlightened provincial doctor......Page 70
Local administration, literacy and church discipline......Page 73
Summary: The public health legacy of the Age of Enlightenment......Page 76
Reference list......Page 77
4. Society in transition: Population growth, proletarianisation and increased life expectancy (c. 1800–1870)......Page 80
A society in transition......Page 81
Epidemiological trends......Page 82
Children and adults......Page 83
Men and women......Page 84
Regional and social differences......Page 87
Material deprivation and mortality......Page 89
Health administration, provincial doctors and midwives......Page 91
Public health and local administration......Page 93
Smallpox vaccination......Page 95
Breastfeeding, infant care and cleanliness......Page 99
Pre-industrial urban areas and hygiene......Page 101
Cholera – the last large-scale epidemic......Page 102
Strong liquor – a point of order and a health risk......Page 103
Social control and stigmatisation: Supervision of prostitutes......Page 105
Summary: The first phase of the epidemiological revolution – synergetic causes......Page 107
Reference list......Page 110
5. Industrialisation and hygienism (c. 1870–1920)......Page 114
Introduction......Page 115
Epidemiological trends......Page 117
Men and women......Page 121
Regional and social differences in mortality......Page 124
The growth of medical knowledge and medical institutions......Page 125
A national statistics agency, Statistics Sweden......Page 127
Industrialisation, ideologies and the welfare state......Page 128
Occupational health......Page 130
Healthcare administration as a local issue......Page 132
Urban hygienism......Page 133
Urban water – two local examples......Page 136
Alcohol legislation and the orderly worker......Page 138
Philanthropy – humanitarian aid and social control......Page 140
Philanthropy and public institutions – corporative cooperation......Page 141
Popular movements – social and political grassroots in a new society......Page 143
Summary: Hygienism, economic growth and social stabilisation......Page 145
Reference list......Page 146
6. Between two wars: Towards the Swedish welfare state (1920–1945)......Page 150
Introduction......Page 151
The epidemiological regime......Page 152
Social and regional differences......Page 153
The institutionalisation of maternal and child healthcare......Page 154
District nurses in the line of public health duty......Page 155
The fight against tuberculosis......Page 156
The Bratt system – solidarity among decent folk......Page 158
Solving societal problems with the help of “social medicine”......Page 159
Social utopia: Scientific faith and paternalism......Page 161
From urban to rural health risks: “Dirty Sweden” goes rural......Page 162
The birth of the welfare state......Page 167
Summary: Increased life expectancy, welfare and social hygiene......Page 171
Reference list......Page 172
7. Harvest time for welfare policy and medical progress (1945–2006)......Page 175
Epidemiological trends......Page 176
Men and women......Page 180
Social differences in health......Page 184
Regional differences in mortality......Page 186
Harvest time for the welfare state......Page 188
Urbanisation, housing crisis and the “million-homes” programme......Page 190
Biomedical progress......Page 191
The health service in economic crisis......Page 193
Occupational and environmental health risks......Page 194
Swedish Public Health Institute......Page 195
Epidemiology, risk factors and health......Page 196
Restructuring the economy, social stress and health......Page 197
Care of the body, the perfect body ideal and health as market commodities......Page 198
Swedish public health in a global individualistic world......Page 201
A comprehensive Swedish public health policy......Page 203
Health – a field of compromise......Page 205
Summary: Harvest time for welfare policy......Page 206
Reference list......Page 207
8. Conclusions – lessons from the past......Page 211
Social determinants and health – a Swedish example......Page 212
Health and the response of society......Page 220
Health and social change......Page 225
Sweden and its European neighbours – converging systems......Page 228
Swedish history and the world today......Page 231
Health and lessons from history......Page 236
Reference list......Page 244
Appendix......Page 248