Sign Language Brokering in Deaf-Hearing Families

Preface
Acknowledgements
Contents
About the Author
Abbreviations
List of Figures
List of Tables
1: Signing Deaf Communities and Language Brokering
	1.1	 Introduction
	1.2	 Deaf Communities, Sign Languages and Multilingualism
	1.3	 Heritage Signers and Identity
		1.3.1	 Heritage Signers as Bimodal-Bilinguals
		1.3.2	 The Named Identity of Children with Deaf Parents
	1.4	 Intercultural Mediation: Distinguishing Between Interpreting and Language Brokering
	1.5	 Sign Language Brokering: The Reality
	1.6	 Statement of the Problem
	1.7	 Researcher Positionality
	1.8	 Structure of the Book
	References
2: Child Language Brokering in Context
	2.1	 Introduction
	2.2	 Defining Child Language Brokering and Child Language Brokering Research
	2.3	 Language Brokering in Migrant Families
	2.4	 Language Brokering in Institutional Settings
		2.4.1	 Brokering in Healthcare
		2.4.2	 Brokering in Schools
	2.5	 Brokering as an Asset
	2.6	 Feelings About Brokering
		2.6.1	 Young Brokers’ Feelings
		2.6.2	 Adults’ Recollections of Brokering
		2.6.3	 Parents
	2.7	 Brokering as Responsibility
	2.8	 Summarising the Review of CLB Literature
	2.9	 Sign Language Brokering in Deaf Communities
	References
3: Doing Research on Sign Language Brokering
	3.1	 Introduction
	3.2	 Using a Mixed-Method Design: The Why and the What
	3.3	 Doing Ethical Research with Signing Communities and Children
	3.4	 Survey Questionnaire
		3.4.1	 Participants
		3.4.2	 Survey Instrument
		3.4.3	 Procedure
	3.5	 Interviews
		3.5.1	 One-to-One Interview Participants and Protocol
	3.6	 Group Interviews Using Innovative Methods
		3.6.1	 Vignette Methodology
			The Vignettes
		3.6.2	 Visual Methods
			Arts-Based Research
			Photo-Elicitation Technique
			Audiovisual Vignette
		3.6.3	 Group Interview Participants and Protocol
	3.7	 Interview Data Analysis and Narrative Inquiry
	3.8	 Limitations of the Studies
		3.8.1	 Survey Study Limitations
		3.8.2	 One-to-One Interview Study Limitations
		3.8.3	 Group Interview Study Limitations
	References
4: ‘I Am Who I Am Today Because of My Family’: International Attitudes Towards Sign Language Brokering
	4.1	 Introduction
	4.2	 Who Are Sign Language Brokers?
		4.2.1	 Respondent Characteristics
		4.2.2	 Language Profiles
	4.3	 Family Brokering Practices
	4.4	 Who Do Heritage Signers Broker For?
	4.5	 Where Does SLB Happen?
	4.6	 How Do Sign Language Brokers Feel About Brokering?
	4.7	 Contrasting CLB and SLB
	References
5: ‘My Experience Was Just Part of My Life’: Life, Shame and Brokering
	5.1	 Introduction
	5.2	 Shame…
		5.2.1	 Deaf Stigma
		5.2.2	 Language Shaming
		5.2.3	 Shame Resilience
	5.3	 Life in a Signing Deaf Family
	5.4	 Strategies for Shame Resilience
	5.5	 Brokering as Shame Resilience
	5.6	 Conclusions
	References
6: ‘I Can’t Not Help Them…’: Brokering as Responsibility and Cooperation
	6.1	 Introduction
	6.2	 Children, Responsibility and Cooperation
		6.2.1	 Children’s Care Work as Responsibility
		6.2.2	 Brokering as Care Work
		6.2.3	 Desire to Help
	6.3	 SLB as Helping
		6.3.1	 Offering to Help
		6.3.2	 Being Asked to Broker
		6.3.3	 SLB as Caring
	6.4	 Responsibility for SLB
		6.4.1	 Heritage Signers’ Sense of Responsibility
			SLB as a Chore
		6.4.2	 Deaf Parents’ Views on Responsibility
		6.4.3	 SLB as Distributed Responsibility
	6.5	 Downplaying SLB
		6.5.1	 SLB Is Not Interpreting
		6.5.2	 Low-Stakes SLB
	6.6	 Conclusions
	References
7: Understanding the Implications of Sign Language Brokering
	7.1	 Introduction
	7.2	 SLB Under Scrutiny: Recapping the Objectives of the Study
	7.3	 To Broker or Not to Broker? That Is the Question
	7.4	 Theoretical Insights
		7.4.1	 Insights into Sign Languaging Practices
		7.4.2	 Insights into CLB
		7.4.3	 Insights into Interpreting as Intercultural Mediation
		7.4.4	 Insights into Sign Language Interpreting as Intercultural Mediation
	7.5	 Impact from the Study of SLB
		7.5.1	 Raising Awareness in Signing Deaf-Hearing Families
		7.5.2	 Raising Awareness in Schoolteachers
		7.5.3	 Raising Awareness in Health Professionals
		7.5.4	 Recruiting and Educating Sign Language Interpreters and Translators
	7.6	 Recommendations for Further Research
	References
Index