Sharing Ecosystem Services: Building More Sustainable and Resilient Society

Contents......Page 6
Chapter 1: What and How Are We Sharing? The Academic Landscape of the Sharing Paradigm and Practices: Objectives and Organization of the Book......Page 8
1.1 Introduction: Emergence of Sharing Economy and Sharing Studies......Page 9
1.2 The Academic Landscape of the Sharing Paradigm and Practices......Page 11
1.3.1 Ecosystem Services and Nature’s Contributions to People......Page 15
1.3.2 “Sharing” Concepts in IPBES Regional Assessments......Page 18
1.3.3 Sharing Ecosystem Services and Shared/Social Values of Ecosystem Services......Page 19
1.4 Objectives and Organization of the Book......Page 20
References......Page 23
Chapter 2: Home-Based Food Provision and Social Capital in Japan......Page 27
2.1 Introduction......Page 28
2.2.2 Characteristics of Municipality......Page 30
2.2.3 Variety, Quantity, and Economic Value of Non-market Food......Page 32
2.3 Results......Page 33
2.4 Discussion......Page 36
2.5 Conclusion......Page 37
References......Page 38
Chapter 3: Food Provisioning Services Via Homegardens and Communal Sharing in Satoyama Socio-ecological Production Landscapes on Japan’s Noto Peninsula......Page 40
3.1 Introduction......Page 41
3.2.1 Study Site......Page 42
3.2.3 Measures......Page 44
3.3.1 Quantity and Variety of Non-market Food......Page 46
3.3.2 Sharing Partners......Page 48
3.3.3 Economic Value of Non-market Food......Page 49
3.4 Discussion......Page 50
3.5 Conclusion......Page 54
References......Page 57
Chapter 4: Non-market Food Provisioning Services on Hachijo Island, Japan, and Its Implications for Building a Resilient Island......Page 59
4.1 Introduction......Page 60
4.2.1 Study Area......Page 62
4.2.2.1 First Survey......Page 64
Interview Survey......Page 65
Questionnaire Survey......Page 66
4.3.1.2 Second Survey......Page 70
4.3.4.1 Food Grown in Home Gardens and/or Harvested by Households......Page 71
4.3.4.2 Food Received from Others......Page 74
4.3.4.3 Structure of Food-Sharing Network......Page 75
4.3.4.4 Proportion of Market and Non-market Food......Page 76
4.3.4.5 Food Distribution Channels by Food Categories......Page 80
4.3.4.6 Monetary Savings and Caloric Value of Non-market Food......Page 81
4.3.5 Relationship Between Non-market Food and Preparedness for Extreme Events......Page 82
4.4 Discussion: Implications for Building More Resilient Islands......Page 83
4.5 Conclusions......Page 87
References......Page 88
Chapter 5: Sharing Experiences and Associated Knowledge in the Changing Waterscape: An Intergenerational Sharing Program in Mikatagoko Area, Japan......Page 91
5.1 Introduction......Page 92
5.2.1 Outline of the Program......Page 94
5.2.2 Information Collectable from the Program......Page 96
5.2.3 How Experiences and Knowledge Are Transferred in the Program......Page 99
5.3.1 Shared Experiences and Knowledge......Page 102
5.3.2 Painting by Children of the Past Waterscape......Page 107
5.3.3 Children’s Impressions After the Sharing of Experiences and Knowledge......Page 111
5.4.1 Web-Based Geographic Information System for Further Sharing......Page 112
5.4.2 Workshop for Further Sharing......Page 113
5.5.1 What the Shared Experiences and Knowledge Mean......Page 115
5.5.2 What the Sharing of Experiences and Knowledge Means......Page 117
References......Page 118
Chapter 6: Sustaining Diverse Knowledge Systems in SEPLs: Sharing Tacit Knowledge of Apiculture and Mushroom Production with Future Generations......Page 120
6.1 Introduction......Page 121
6.1.1 Non-timber Forest Products (NTFPs)......Page 123
6.1.2 Traditional Knowledge (TK)......Page 124
6.2.1.1 Research Site......Page 126
6.2.2.1 Research Site......Page 128
6.3.1 Apiculture in Nagano......Page 130
6.3.2 Shiitake Mushroom Production in Ishikawa......Page 132
6.4 Discussion......Page 134
6.5 Conclusion......Page 135
References......Page 136
Chapter 7: Can New and Traditional Sharing Practices Be Integrated? The Case of Use of Natural Resources in Palau, Micronesia......Page 140
7.1 Introduction......Page 141
7.2.1 Study Area......Page 142
7.2.2 Survey Method......Page 144
7.2.2.1 Status Quo and Changes of Natural Resource Use Over 10 Years......Page 145
7.3.1 Traditional Sharing Practices and Ecosystem Services......Page 146
Urban or Rural......Page 149
Changes over Time......Page 150
7.3.3 Collection of Medicinal Herbs for Ritual Ceremonies......Page 153
7.4.1 Continuity of Subsistence Activity......Page 155
7.4.2 Coexistence of New Digital Technology and Traditional Lifestyles......Page 156
7.4.3 Contemporary Value of Traditional Sharing Practices for Climate Resilience......Page 157
7.5 Conclusion......Page 158
References......Page 159
Chapter 8: Solidarity Economy in Brazil: Towards Institutionalization of Sharing and Agroecological Practices......Page 161
8.1 Introduction......Page 162
8.2 Solidarity Economy in Brazil: The National Context......Page 164
8.2.1 The Emergence of Solidarity Economy in Harmony with Nature......Page 165
8.3 Agroecology and Sharing Practices......Page 166
8.4 The Program of Food Acquisition (PAA)......Page 168
8.4.1 The Campinas Experience......Page 169
8.5 The Amazon Agroforestry......Page 170
8.5.1 Institutionalizing Agroforestry Systems in the Amazon......Page 171
8.5.2 The Tomé-Açu Experience......Page 172
8.6 Discussion......Page 174
8.7 Conclusions......Page 176
References......Page 178
Chapter 9: Sharing Knowledge and Value for Nurturing Socioecological Production Landscapes: A Case of Payment for Ecosystem Services in Rejoso Watershed, Indonesia......Page 181
9.1 Introduction......Page 182
9.2 Payment for Ecosystem Services......Page 184
9.3 Reverse Auction......Page 185
9.4 Rejoso Watershed: A Production Landscape Providing Watershed Services......Page 186
9.5 Method......Page 189
9.6 Result......Page 191
9.7 Payment for Ecosystem Services and Sharing Paradigm: A Discussion on Future Potential......Page 193
References......Page 196
Chapter 10: Sharing Place: A Case Study on the Loss of Peri-urban Landscape to Urbanization in India......Page 199
10.1 Introduction......Page 200
10.2 Study Area......Page 202
10.2.1 Development of New Town, Rajarhat......Page 203
10.4.1 Demographic and Livelihood Characteristics......Page 206
10.4.2 Changes in Sharing of Home Garden Produce......Page 207
10.4.3 Sharing of Place and Its Perceived Impact......Page 209
10.5 Conclusion......Page 212
References......Page 213
Chapter 11: Cow Sharing and Alpine Ecosystems: A Comparative Case Study of Sharing Practices and Property Rights......Page 216
11.1 European Alpine Agroecosystems and Their Services......Page 217
11.2.1 Conceptualizing Sharing......Page 219
11.2.2 Sharing Property Rights......Page 220
11.3 Material and Methods for the Comparative Cow-Sharing Analysis......Page 221
11.3.1 Case Selection Criteria, Data Mapping and Database......Page 222
11.4 Cow-Sharing Arrangements and Their Underlying Motivations......Page 223
11.5 Types of Cow-Sharing Arrangements......Page 225
11.5.1 Group I Exchange-Focused Cow-Sharing Arrangements......Page 226
11.5.3 Cow Sharing Within the Sharing Paradigm......Page 227
11.6 Cow Sharing and Ecosystem Services......Page 228
Appendix: Characteristics of Investigated Cow-Sharing Arrangements......Page 231
References......Page 232
Chapter 12: Synthesis: Can Sharing Enhance the Sustainability and Resilience of Our Society?......Page 234
12.1 Summary of the Case Studies in This Book......Page 235
12.2 How Can a Sharing Society Improve Sustainability and Resilience......Page 247
12.3.1 Combining Traditional Knowledge and Scientific Knowledge/Technologies......Page 258
12.3.2 Coexistence of Market and Nonmarket Sharing Mechanisms......Page 259
12.3.3 New Normative Metrics for Measuring Multiple Values of Sharing......Page 260
12.4 Afterword......Page 263
References......Page 264