Self-compacting concrete materials, properties and applications

Front Matter......Page 2
Copyright......Page 4
Contributors......Page 5
Preface......Page 7
  Mix design approach......Page 8
   Japanese method for designing SCC......Page 9
   Typical SCC mixture design......Page 10
  Basic performance requirements of SCC......Page 12
    Slump flow......Page 13
    V-funnel test......Page 15
    J-Ring......Page 17
    L-box test......Page 18
     Sieving segregation test......Page 20
     Column segregation test method......Page 22
    Dynamic stability......Page 23
     Dynamic settlement column segregation test......Page 24
      Tilting box test......Page 25
  Rheological properties of SCC......Page 26
    Bingham model......Page 27
    Herschel-Bulkley model......Page 28
   Rheological target values......Page 29
   Rheological tests......Page 30
 References......Page 35
 Introduction to rheology......Page 38
   Compactability......Page 39
  Test apparatus for rheology......Page 40
  Filling ability......Page 41
  Segregation resistance......Page 42
  Finishability......Page 43
   Slump flow......Page 44
   Orimet......Page 45
  Tests for passing ability......Page 46
   J-Ring......Page 47
   L-Box......Page 48
   U-Box......Page 49
   Fill-Box......Page 51
   Settlement column......Page 52
   Wet sieving stability test (GTM screen stability test)......Page 54
   Recycled concrete aggregates......Page 55
   Recycled plastic aggregates......Page 56
   Lightweight aggregates......Page 57
   Pozzolanic fillers......Page 58
    Blast furnace slag......Page 59
    Zeolites......Page 60
    Limestone powder (LP)......Page 61
 Summary......Page 62
 References......Page 64
 Further reading......Page 70
  Chemical admixtures......Page 71
  Moisture content......Page 73
  Concrete mixers......Page 74
  Quality control at concrete batching plant......Page 75
  Pumping, placing and formwork......Page 77
  Surface finish of SCC......Page 80
 Conclusions......Page 84
 References......Page 85
 Further reading......Page 87
  Compressive strength of SCC......Page 88
  Compressive strength of SCC using supplementary cementitious materials......Page 89
  Influence of water powder ratio on compressive strength......Page 95
 Tensile strength......Page 96
  Tensile strength of SCC......Page 97
  Tensile strength of SCC containing supplementary cementitious materials......Page 98
 Flexural strength......Page 109
  Flexural strength of SCC......Page 110
  Flexural strength of SCC containing supplementary cementitious materials (SCM)......Page 111
 Mechanical properties under elevated temperature......Page 113
 References......Page 117
 Permeation properties......Page 121
  Capillary absorption......Page 122
  Gas permeability......Page 125
  Chloride ion diffusivity......Page 127
 General discussions......Page 130
 Conclusions......Page 131
 References......Page 132
 Introduction......Page 135
 Creep and shrinkage in self-consolidating concrete......Page 136
 Creep and shrinkage of high strength-self consolidating concrete (HS-SCC)......Page 138
 Creep and shrinkage of high performance-self consolidating concrete (HP-SCC)......Page 141
 Creep and shrinkage prediction models......Page 143
 References......Page 148
 Carbonation......Page 151
   Weathering carbonation......Page 152
  Mechanism of carbonation......Page 153
  Reactions of carbonation......Page 154
  Factors responsible for carbonation......Page 155
  Estimation of carbonation depth......Page 156
   Natural carbonation......Page 157
  Testing procedure and measurement of carbonation......Page 158
  Comparison of natural and accelerated carbonation......Page 159
  Relation between carbonation depth and compressive strength......Page 161
  Effect of supplementary cementitious materials on carbonation......Page 162
  Mechanism......Page 168
  Factors affecting chloride penetration......Page 171
  Non-steady state chloride migration test as per NT BUILD 492......Page 172
   Resistance to chloride penetration by immersion......Page 174
  Effect of supplementary cementitious materials on corrosion due to chloride......Page 175
 Sulphate corrosion......Page 180
  Reactions and mechanism......Page 183
  Experimental set up for testing of corrosion due to sulphate......Page 185
  Effect of supplementary cementitious materials on corrosion due to sulphate......Page 187
 Summary......Page 192
 References......Page 193
 Further reading......Page 197
  Levels of temperature......Page 198
  Application of elevated temperatures......Page 199
  Testing methods......Page 201
  Physical properties, porosity and spalling......Page 204
   Compressive strength......Page 206
   Free thermal strains......Page 209
   Rapid chloride permeability test (RCPT)......Page 210
  Microstructure......Page 211
  Effect of type of constituents......Page 212
  Effect of mix proportions......Page 213
  Effect of hardened state properties......Page 214
 References......Page 216
 Introduction......Page 222
  Classification of RA......Page 223
  General properties of RCA......Page 224
  Treatment of RCA......Page 225
 Influence of RCA on the properties of SCC......Page 227
  Effects of RCA on fresh properties of SCC......Page 228
  Effects of RCA on mechanical properties of SCC......Page 232
  Effects of RCA on durability properties of SCC......Page 237
  Effects of RCA on the microstructure of SCC......Page 244
 Summary and conclusion......Page 246
 References......Page 247
  Steel slag......Page 252
  Blast furnace slag......Page 254
  Coal ash......Page 255
  Biomass ash......Page 256
  Ceramic wastes......Page 257
  Mining waste......Page 259
  Other types of wastes......Page 260
 Fresh state properties of SCC made with industrial by-products......Page 262
 Strength properties of SCC made with industrial by-products......Page 267
 Physical properties and durability of SCC made with industrial by-products......Page 271
 Concluding remarks......Page 278
 References......Page 279
 Further reading......Page 283
 Introduction......Page 285
 Properties of SCMs......Page 286
  Ground-granulated furnace slag......Page 287
  Silica fume......Page 288
 Properties of SCC made with SCMs......Page 289
   Flowability......Page 290
    SCC made with fly-ash as SCM......Page 291
    SCC made with slag as SCM......Page 293
    SCC made with silica fume as SCM......Page 294
   Filling/passing ability......Page 295
   Segregation and bleeding......Page 296
   Compressive strength......Page 300
   Tensile strength......Page 303
   Permeability......Page 304
   Drying shrinkage......Page 306
 Important facts......Page 307
 References......Page 308
 Further reading......Page 309
 Introduction......Page 311
  Fibre performance in concrete......Page 312
  Different types of flowable fibre concrete......Page 313
  Successful applications......Page 316
   Orientation of fibres due to the flow......Page 318
   Relevance of fibre orientation......Page 322
  Fibre distribution......Page 324
   Compressive strength......Page 326
   Tensile and flexural strengths......Page 329
   Modulus of elasticity......Page 331
   Creep and shrinkage......Page 332
   Poisson ratio......Page 333
    Impact resistance......Page 334
  Structural behaviour......Page 335
   Bond......Page 336
   Flexural behaviour......Page 339
   Shear......Page 342
  Durability......Page 346
   Durability performance of fibre reinforced SCC......Page 348
   Corrosion protection of steel......Page 350
    Carbonation......Page 352
    Chloride penetration......Page 353
    Freeze-thaw resistance......Page 355
    Alkali-silica reaction......Page 357
   High temperature behaviour......Page 358
 Conclusions......Page 359
 References......Page 360
 Structural advantages of SCC......Page 373
  Prestressed concrete girders......Page 375
  Columns......Page 376
  Strengthening......Page 377
  Concrete-filled tubes......Page 378
  Bridges......Page 379
  Buildings......Page 380
  Strengthening......Page 381
 Remaining challenges......Page 382
  Quality management......Page 383
  Materials cost......Page 384
 References......Page 385
 C......Page 390
 E......Page 391
 F......Page 392
 M......Page 393
 Q......Page 394
 S......Page 395
 Z......Page 397