Seismic Isolation, Energy Dissipation and Active Vibration Control of Structures: 17th World Conference on Seismic Isolation (17WCSI)

Preface
Acknowledgments
Contents
Latest Applications on Seismic Isolation in Different Countries
Applications and Recent Studies on Seismic Isolation in Italy
	1 Introduction
	2 Applications of Seismic Isolation in Italy
	3 The Seismic Design According to NTC-2018
		3.1 The Design Earthquake
		3.2 Seismic Action and Load Combination
		3.3 Other Main Rules
		3.4 Modelling, Analysis and Checks
	4 Seismic Isolation in the Retrofit of Existing Buildings
	5 Seismic Behaviour Observed During Far Fault Earthquakes
	6 Conclusions
	References
State of the Art in Application of Seismic Isolation and Energy Dissipation in Turkey
	1 Introduction
	2 Brief History and Recent Developments Regarding Seismic Isolation and Energy Dissipation
		2.1 Bridges and Viaducts
		2.2 Retrofitting Applications
		2.3 Industrial Facilities
		2.4 Data Centers
		2.5 Hospitals
		2.6 Residential Buildings
		2.7 Historical Structures
		2.8 Seismic Isolation in Numbers
		2.9 Code Developments
		2.10 Testing
	3 Conclusions
	References
Seismic Isolation Applications in Romania
	1 Introduction
	2 Seismic Isolation in Romania
	3 Victor Slavescu Building of the ASE (Economics Studies Academy) in Bucharest
	4 Bucharest City Hall
	5 Arch of Triumph in Bucharest, 1936
	6 Aroneanu Church in Iasi [14]
	7 Foisorul de Foc (Fire Tower) Bucharest
	8 Conclusions
	References
Efforts Toward International Harmonization of Seismic Isolation Design Code and Current Status in Japan
	1 Introduction
	2 Outline of ISO 23618
	3 Comparison of Design Codes
	4 Design Example
		4.1 Benchmark Building
		4.2 Design Seismic Force
		4.3 Structural Analysis
		4.4 Verification of the Maximum Displacement
	5 Conclusion
	References
Recent Development and Application on Seismic Isolation, Energy Dissipation and Vibration Control in China
	1 Earthquake Tragedy and Lessons in China
		1.1 Most of Strong Earthquakes Are Over Prediction
		1.2 Most People Dead Caused by Structures Collapse
		1.3 Designers Need to Use the New Technique
	2 Technical Rules for Seismic Isolation and Energy Dissipation in China
		2.1 Technical Specifications
		2.2 Design Codes
		2.3 Standards for Isolators and Energy Dissipation Dampers
	3 Devices and Testing System
		3.1 Isolation Devices
		3.2 Energy Dissipation Devices
		3.3 Basic Performance Tests
		3.4 Durability Performance Tests
		3.5 Shaking Table Tests
	4 New Progresses and Application On Isolation, Energy Dissipation and Vibration Controls in China
		4.1 High Rise House Building with Isolation
		4.2 The School Building with Isolation Experiences the Earthquake
		4.3 Isolation House Buildings with 3D Isolators
		4.4 Seismic Isolation Airports with Large Span or Complex Structures
		4.5 Isolation Bridges
		4.6 Isolation Protection for Historical or Cultural Relic
		4.7 Seismic Retrofit for School and Hospitals
		4.8 Low Rise House Building with “ELastic Isolation Brick”
		4.9 Immersed Tunnel with Isolation and Energy Dissipation System (TIED)
		4.10 Eddy-Current Damper (ECD)
		4.11 Hybrid Control (HTMD) for High Tower Structures
	5 Conclusion
	References
Recent Developments and Applications of Seismic Isolation in North America
	1 Introduction
	2 Overview of Recent Projects
		2.1 Architecturally Notable New Buildings
		2.2 Retrofit Projects
		2.3 Essential Facilities
		2.4 Data Centers
		2.5 Non-building: Computer and Electrical Equipment
		2.6 Non-building: Industrial
		2.7 Non-building: Artwork
	3 Trends
	4 Summary
	References
Seismic Isolation in Chile: An Opportunity for Model Codes Calibration
	1 Introduction
	2 Seismic Environment
	3 First Applications and Current Trends in Chile
		3.1 First Applications
		3.2 Recent Applications
	4 Chilean Code for Seismic Isolation Design
		4.1 Current Code
		4.2 Review of Current Code and Other Requirements
	5 Conclusions
	References
Optimization as a Tool for Seismic Protection of Structures
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Active, Passive and Semi-active Structural Control Devices
	2 Optimization Strategies via Meta-Heuristic Algorithms
	3 Brief Review of Optimization Applications for Seismic Protection
	4 Conclusions
	References
Seismicity and Seismic Isolation Design
Near-Fault Earthquake Ground Motion and Seismic Isolation Design
	1 Introduction
	2 Near-Fault Ground Motions
		2.1 Background
		2.2 Characteristics of Near-Fault Ground Motions
		2.3 Analysis of the Near-Fault Ground Motion
	3 Performance of Seismically Isolated Buildings Exposed to Near Fault Ground Motion
	4 Consideration of Near-Fault Ground Motion in Codes
		4.1 ASCE/SEI 7-22 (Near-Fault Ground Motion and Seismic Isolation Design)
	5 Parametric Study on Near-Fault Parametric Seismic Isolation Design (Earthquake Hazard)
		5.1 Introduction
		5.2 Near-Fault Ground Motion Spectra
		5.3 Near-Fault Ground Motion in Time Domain (Pulse-Based)
		5.4 Spectrum Scaled Accelerometric Data
	6 Parametric Study on Near-Fault Parametric Seismic Isolation Design (Structural Analysis)
		6.1 Introduction
		6.2 Structural and Seismic Isolation Modelling
		6.3 Observation of the Parametric Response
	7 Discussion and Conclusions
	References
Origin of Seismicity in Italy as a Clue for Seismic Hazard
	1 Geodynamic Setting
	2 Seismic Hazard Remarks
	References
New Isolation and Energy Dissipation Devices
Seismic Isolation Design for Achieving Resilient Structures
	1 Introduction
	2 Code Design of Seismically Isolated Structures
	3 Continued Functionality Standard for Resilient Structures
	4 Achieving Continued Functionality with Seismic Isolation
	5 Earthquake Performance of Isolated Structures Designed with Continued Functionality Criteria
	6 Conclusions
	References
Mechanical Properties of Thick Rubber Bearings Used in Over-Track Buildings
	1 Introduction
	2 Test Overview of TRB
		2.1 Specimen Design
		2.2 Test Apparatus
		2.3 Test Description
	3 Results of Characteristic Tests
		3.1 Horizontal Characteristics
		3.2 Vertical Characteristics
		3.3 Stability Characteristics
	4 Effectiveness for Vertical Vibration Control
		4.1 Numerical Model of Over-Track Building
		4.2 Numerical Results
	5 Conclusions
	References
Bidirectional Model for Shear Behavior of High Damping Rubber Bearings
	1 Introduction
	2 Mathematical Model
		2.1 Hyperelastic Component
		2.2 Dissipative Component
		2.3 Degradation
	3 Validation
	4 Summary and Conclusion
	References
Development of an Improved Deformation History Integral Type Hysteresis Model for High-Damping Rubber Bearings
	1 Introduction
	2 Proposal of Modified DHI Model
	3 Specification of SROLT and Time History Analysis for Verification
	4 Verification of Proposed Model by Comparing SROLT
		4.1 Benchmark Test Results
		4.2 Comparison Between SROLT and Analysis Results
	5 Conclusions
	References
Application of Isolation in Large Scale Infrastructure in Cold Region in China
	1 Introduction
	2 Simulation of Low Temperature Deformation
	3 Test of Concrete Shrinkage
	4 Test of Rubber Material and Isolator in Low Temperature
	5 Mesomechanics Model Based Analysis of Micro Damage
	6 Computer Vision Based Monitoring of Isolated Building
	7 Conclusion
	References
Experimental and Analytical Investigation of Variable Curvature and Friction Pendulum Isolator
	1 Introduction
	2 VFPI Configuration
	3 Theoretical Constitutive Relationship of VFPI
	4 Analysis Model of VFPI
		4.1 Modeling Scheme
		4.2 Input Parameters
		4.3 Validation of the Analysis Model
	5 Configuration and Mechanical Behavior of VCF-FPI
		5.1 Configuration
		5.2 Theoretical Constitutive Relationship
		5.3 Validation of the Theoretical Model
	6 Conclusions
	References
Experimental Investigation on Hysteretic Behavior of a Double Friction Pendulum and Frictional Heating
	1 Introduction
	2 Overview of the Test Protocol
	3 Results
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
An Experimental Study on the Effects of Different Pendulum Damper Designs on Structural Behavior
	1 Introduction
	2 Experimental Study
		2.1 The Experimental Setup
		2.2 Loading Procedure
		2.3 Introducing the Models Used
		2.4 Evaluation of Experiments
	3 Results
	References
Effect of Over-Stroke Capacity of Curved Surface Sliders on the Collapse Safety of Seismically Isolated Buildings
	1 Introduction
	2 Case Study
		2.1 Superstructure
		2.2 Isolation Systems
		2.3 Parametric Analysis
	3 Nonlinear Analyses
	4 Comparison of Results
	5 Conclusions
	References
Crescent Shaped Brace Devices to Strengthen Pinned Beam-Column Connections via Semi-rigid CSB Joints
	1 Introduction
	2 Crescent Shaped Brace for Semi-rigid Beam-Column Connection
	3 Design Equations
	4 First Validation Through Finite Element Analysis
	5 Main Conclusions and Possible Optimizations Using Wire-and-Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) Technology
	References
Reliability Based Design Optimization of Damped-Outrigger Timber Structure Using Stochastic Spectral Embedding Based Probability Density Evolution Method
	1 Introduction
	2 Reliability Estimation of Stochastic System
		2.1 Probability Density Evolution Method
		2.2 Estimation of First-Passage Reliability Using PDEM
	3 Stochastic Spectral Embedding
	4 Numerical Example
		4.1 Problem 1
		4.2 Problem 2
	5 Conclusions
	References
Research on the Development of the Three-Dimension Seismic Isolation System for Lightweight Buildings
	1 Introduction
	2 Vibration Testing and Traffic Vibration Observation
		2.1 Test Purpose
		2.2 Test Specimen Overview and Test Method
		2.3 Test Result
	3 Vibration Testing and Traffic Vibration Observation
		3.1 Modeling of the Specimen
		3.2 Reconstruction of Isolation Slider and Bellow-Type Air Spring Analysis Model
		3.3 Validation of Analytical Models
	4 Vibration Testing and Traffic Vibration Observation
		4.1 Superstructure Overview
		4.2 Design of Seismic Isolation Layer
		4.3 Response Analysis Overview
		4.4 Response Analysis Result
	5 Summary
	References
Numerical Assessment of Ultra-Low Cycle Fatigue Performance of Buckling Restrained Aluminum Shear Yielding Dampers
	1 Introduction
	2 Numerical Investigation of BR-AlSYDs
		2.1 Modelling Technique
		2.2 Details of the Specimens
		2.3 Material Properties
	3 Low Cycle Fatigue Performance
		3.1 Fatigue Damage Law
		3.2 Analysis Results
		3.3 Proposed Fatigue Damage Law for BR-AlSYDs
	4 Conclusions
	References
Validation of a New Equation to Estimate the Yield Strength of Lead Rubber Bearings
	1 Introduction
	2 Proposed Equation to Estimate a Lead Core’s Yield Strength
	3 Validation
	4 Summary and Conclusion
	References
International Standards on Seismically Isolated Structures
Seismic Isolation Design Comparison of Japan, China, USA and Eurocode
	1 Introduction
	2 Seismic Isolation Design Codes
	3 Design Examples
		3.1 Analysis Model
		3.2 Seismic Load
		3.3 Analysis Results
	4 Conclusions
	References
Statistical Analysis of Rubber Compounds Material Tests for Seismic Isolation Bearings and Code Provisions Comparison
	1 Introduction
	2 Test Results
		2.1 Effect of Strain Amplitude
		2.2 Effect of Repeated Cycles
		2.3 Effect of Frequency
		2.4 Effect of Ageing
		2.5 Effect of Temperature
		2.6 Production Variability
	3 Code Comparison of λ-Factors
	4 Conclusion
	References
Code Provisions About λ-Factors of HDRBs for the Upper and Lower Bound Analyses: Hystorical Review
	1 Introduction
	2 Seismic European Standards: EN 1998 and EN 15129
	3 AASHTO Guide Specification for Isolated Building
		3.1 Second Edition of AASTHO (1999)
		3.2 Updated Editions of AASHTO (2010 and 2014)
	4 Conclusion
	References
Design of Base-Isolated Building as Per Indian Code Provisions and Practices
	1 Introduction
	2 Numerical Modeling and Design
		2.1 Fixed-Base Building
		2.2 Base-Isolated Building
		2.3 Design of Isolators
	3 Analysis and Performance Assessment
		3.1 Response Spectrum Analysis
		3.2 Performance Assessment
	4 Benefit-Cost Analysis
	5 Conclusions
	References
Complex Modal Shapes Superposition Response Spectrum Based Design Method for Seismically Isolated Structures in China
	1 Introduction
	2 Divisional Design Method for Seismically Isolated Structure (DDM)
		2.1 Superstructure Design
		2.2 Isolation Layer Design
	3 Integrated Design Method of Isolated Structure (IDM)
		3.1 Basic Theory of Complex Mode Decomposition Response Spectrum
	4 Example Analysis
		4.1 Overview of Target Structure
		4.2 Determination of Equivalent Parameters of Isolator
		4.3 Preliminary Inspection of Isolation Layer Performance
		4.4 Seismic Records
		4.5 Isolation Efficiency Evaluation
		4.6 Superstructure Design of Isolated Structure
	5 Nonlinear Time History Analysis of Seismically Isolated Structures
	6 Conclusions
	References
Hidden Pitfalls in Double Curved Surface Sliders (DCSS)
	1 Introduction
	2 Principles of Operation of Double Curved Surface Sliders
	3 Statics of Double Curved Surface Slider
	4 Kinematics of Double Curved Surface Slider
	5 Conclusions
	References
Full Scale Dynamic Tests on Concave Curved Surface Sliders: Comparison of Time History and Cyclic Sinusoidal Tests
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Testing Protocols Requirements
	2 Experimental Campaign
		2.1 The Double Curved Surface SLIDER’S Characteristics
		2.2 Dynamic Test Facility
		2.3 Test Procedure
	3 Experimental Results
		3.1 Dynamic Tests
	4 Conclusions
	References
Seismic Isolation and Energy Dissipation in Bridges and Viaducts
Seismic Isolation of Bridges: Practice-Oriented Considerations
	1 Basic Concept of Seismic Isolation of Bridges
		1.1 Introduction
	2 Simplified Preliminary Design of Seismic Isolation System
	3 Sensitivity Analysis on the Effect of Geometry Variations and Soil-Structure Interaction on the Seismic Response of Isolated Bridges
		3.1 Description of the Case Studies
		3.2 Seismicity of the Site
		3.3 Substructures Dynamic Properties
		3.4 Isolation System
		3.5 Uncoupling Degree
		3.6 Actions on Bridge Foundations
		3.7 Validation of the Simplified Procedure
	4 Conclusions and Practice Oriented Considerations
	References
Effects of Ice and Water and Contamination on Friction Pendulum Bearings
	1 Introduction
	2 Experimental Methodology
		2.1 Test Specimens
		2.2 Loading Protocol
		2.3 Bearing Characterization Procedure
	3 Results
		3.1 Single Surface Sliding
		3.2 Effects of Contamination on Frictional Properties
		3.3 Ice Strength
	4 Conclusions
	References
Performance Assessment of a Bridge Seismically Isolated with Lead Rubber Bearings at Low Temperature
	1 Introduction
	2 Test Specimen, Loading Protocol and Test Set-Up
	3 Experimental Results
	4 Mathematical Model
		4.1 Modeling of Temperature-Dependent Behavior of Lead Rubber Bearings
		4.2 Modeling of Seismically Isolated Bridge
	5 Dynamic Analyses
		5.1 Selection of Ground Motions for Dynamic Analyses
		5.2 Scaling of Ground Motions
	6 Analytical Results
		6.1 Maximum Isolator Displacements
		6.2 Maximum Isolator Forces
		6.3 Maximum Accelerations
	7 Conclusions
	References
Seismic Design and Performance Assessment of the Post-tensioned Bridge Piers
	1 Introduction
	2 Post-tensioned (PT) Bridge Pier System
		2.1 Hysteretic Characteristics
		2.2 Performance Index λ
	3 Design Procedure
		3.1 Step 1: Preliminary Preparations
		3.2 Step 2: Pure Rocking Analysis
		3.3 Step 3: Determination of Energy Dissipation (ED) Amount
		3.4 Step 4: Re-centering and Force Capacities Checks
	4 Design Example and Validation
		4.1 Case Structure - The Monolithic Bridge Pier
		4.2 Design of the PT Bridge Pier and Validation
	5 Conclusions and Furter Work
	References
Seismic Performance of Isolated Bridges Under Extreme Shaking
	1 Introduction
	2 Seismic Hazard
	3 Modeling
		3.1 Prototype of Seismically Isolated Bridge
		3.2 Nonlinear Model
	4 Results
		4.1 Local Element Response
		4.2 Bridge System Response
	5 Conclusions
	References
The Role of an Advanced Quality System for the Control of Performance of Lead Rubber Bearings: The Case of Puente Industrial De Biobio
	1 Introduction
		1.1 General Overview of the Project
		1.2 Characteristics of Puente Industrial
	2 FREYssinet’s Anti-seismic Devices for Earthquake Protection of the New Puente Industrial
		2.1 The Isolation System
		2.2 Quality Process for High Level Production
		2.3 Testing of the Isolators
	3 Conclusions
	Reference
The Bridges on Çanakkale Highway: A Huge Application of the Seismic Protection Technology in Europe
	1 Introduction
		1.1 General Overview of the Project
	2 Seismic Protection of Canakkale Highway with Freyssinet Technology
		2.1 ISOSISM® PS—Curved Surface Sliders
		2.2 ISOSISM® FD—Fluid Viscous Dampers
	3 Testing
		3.1 Experimental Response of ISOSISM® PS
		3.2 Experimental Response of ISOSISM® FD
	4 Conclusions
	References
Fluid Viscous Dampers for the 1915 Çanakkale Bridge in Turkey
	1 Introduction
	2 Seismic Protection System
	3 Full-Scale Tests on Fluid Viscous Dampers
		3.1 Experimental Set up
		3.2 Experimental Program
	4 Test Procedure and Results
		4.1 Static Stiffness Test
		4.2 Static Pressure Test
		4.3 Low Velocity Test
		4.4 Impulsive Load Test
		4.5 Dynamic Loading Test
		4.6 Constitutive Law Test
		4.7 Damping Efficiency Test
		4.8 Seal Wear Test
	5 Conclusions
	References
Seismic Isolation and Energy Dissipation in High-Risk Plants, Existing and Cultural Heritage Structures
Application of the Gradient Based Optimization to the Structural Systems with the Supplemental Damping Devices
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Flow Diagram of the Analysis
		1.2 Seismic Response Control Systems
	2 State Space Formulation of the Mdof Systems with Multiple Maxwell Models
		2.1 Analytical Model
		2.2 Performance Criteria
		2.3 Optimal Search Approach
	3 Numerical Case Study
		3.1 Structural Model and the Initial Design Parameters of the Maxwell Model
		3.2 Seismic Ground Excitation
		3.3 Optimal Search Result
		3.4 Dynamic Response Characteristics
		3.5 Comparison of the Responses from the Optimal Search and a Commercial Software
	4 Conclusions
	Appendix A
	References
3-D Seismic Isolation for Operational Level Protection of Critical Electrical and Electronic Control Equipment for the Site C Clean Energy Project
	1 Introduction
	2 Project Performance Criteria
	3 3-D Isolation for Critical Gate Control Equipment
		3.1 Isolation Platform Seismic Loading
		3.2 Isolation Platform Designs
		3.3 Shake Table Testing of Isolation Platforms
		3.4 Shake Table Testing of Equipment
		3.5 Production Testing Protective System Devices
	4 Isolation of 500 kV Equipment
	5 Conclusions
	References
A Comparative Study on Isolator Modeling Approaches
	1 Introduction
	2 Analysis Model
		2.1 Building Information
		2.2 Selected Ground Motions and Nonlinear Time History Analysis
		2.3 Isolator Design and Nonlinear Models
	3 Analyses Results
	4 Conclusions
	References
Seismic Base Isolation of a Strategic Historic Masonry Building
	1 Introduction
	2 Seismic Base Isolation of Palazzo Partigiani in Perugia, Italy
		2.1 On-Site Assessment
		2.2 3D Modelling and Analysis
		2.3 Construction Phases
	3 Conclusions
	References
Multi-storey Building Retrofit by ADAS-Equipped Braces
	1 Introduction
	2 Case-Study Building
	3 Seismic Assessment of the Building
	4 Dissipative Bracing-Based Retrofit—Sizing Criterion and Application to Different Design Solutions
		4.1 RS1—Results
		4.2 RS2—Results
		4.3 RS3—Results
	5 Conclusions
	References
The Effect of Nonlinear Response of the Primary System in Nonconventional TMDs
	1 Introduction
	2 The Case Study
		2.1 Brief Description of the Case Study
		2.2 Choice of the Design Solutions Through Simplified Parametric Analysis
		2.3 3D Finite Element Models
		2.4 Assessment of Masonry Building Capacity
	3 Effect of Masonry Nonlinearities
		3.1 Hysteretic Behaviour of the Masonry Structure
		3.2 Seismic Assessment of the Different Configurations
	4 Conclusions
	References
Isolated Artificial Ground for the Seismic Safety in the Urban Reconstruction of Castelluccio di Norcia
	1 Introduction
	2 The Site of Castelluccio di Norcia
	3 Solution Based on Ground Isolation
	4 Feasibility Conditions
		4.1 Establishment of the Elevations
	5 Isolation System
	6 Isolation System Design
	7 Simulation of the Response Under Actual Earthquakes
	8 Economic Aspects
	9 Urban Dimension and Fruition of the Infrastructure
	10 Conclusions
	References
Numerical Application of Viscoelastic Devices for Improving the Out-Of-Plane Behaviour of a Historic Masonry Building
	1 Introduction
	2 Numerical Model
		2.1 Mesh
		2.2 Mechanical Properties
	3 Design of the Viscoelastic Dampers
	4 Seismic Load
	5 Reinforcement Proposals Using Dampers
	6 Results
		6.1 Model-C
		6.2 Model-D
	7 Conclusions
	References
Resilience and Sustainability: New Challenges and Future Technologies for the Protection of Structures and Infrastructures
State-of-the-Art of Resilience Using Bibliometric Analysis
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review Methodology
	3 Results and Discussion
		3.1 Historical Analysis
		3.2 Number of Publications by Countries and Institutes
		3.3 Number of Publications by Journals
		3.4 Author Keywords Analysis
	4 Conclusions
	References
Observed Seismic Behaviour of Base Isolation Systems in Italy
	1 Introduction
	2 Main Features of the Isolation Devices
	3 Case Studies
		3.1 The Civil Protection Centre at Foligno, Italy
		3.2 Residence Building in L’Aquila
		3.3 The Forest Ranger Building at Foligno
	4 Conclusions
	References
Versatile Aseismic Isolation Based on Practical Applications of Advanced Materials for Sustainable Resilience Against Earthquakes
	1 Introduction
	2 Practical Applications of Advanced Materials in SSS
	3 On the Versatility of SSS
	4 Concluding Remarks Based on a Comparison Between SSS and Currently Used Isolation Systems
	References
Seismic Isolation of the Terminal Core Roof at the Portland International Airport
	1 Project Description
	2 Seismic Analysis and Design
		2.1 Governing Code
		2.2 Seismic Hazard Levels and Bounding Analysis Cases
		2.3 Analytical Modeling
		2.4 Analysis Results
	3 Seismic Isolator Testing
		3.1 Prototype Testing
		3.2 Production Testing
	4 Conclusion
	References
Coupling of Structural Additions for the Mitigation of Seismic Response in Existing Buildings
	1 Introduction
	2 Simplified Models
	3 Case Studies
	4 Design Solutions
		4.1 Vertical Addition
		4.2 Lateral Addition
	5 Conclusions
	References
Verification of Actual Displacement Scaled Displacement-Control System with High-Static-Low-Dynamic Stiffness and Rotational Inertia for Seismic Isolation
	1 Introduction
	2 Testing DCS Through Shaking-Table Experiments
		2.1 Configuration of DCS Seismic-Isolation Model
		2.2 Ground Motions
		2.3 Test Results and Discussion
	3 Validity of Time-History Analysis for Displacement Control System
		3.1 Analytical Model
		3.2 Comparison of Test and Time-History Analysis Results
	4 Conclusions
	References
Seismic Protection of Non-structural Elements and Equipment, Statues and Art Objects
Improved Structural Serviceability and Seismic Protection by Adaptive Isolators and Dampers
	1 Introduction
	2 SIP®-Adaptive
		2.1 Concept
		2.2 Optimum Design by Dynamic Simulation
		2.3 Isolation Performance
	3 Modular Shear Hysteretic Damper SHARK®-Adaptive
		3.1 Concept
		3.2 Non-linear Time History Analysis of Structure with SHARK®-Adaptive
		3.3 Proof of Concept
	4 Summary
	References
Preliminary Results in the Design and Testing of Earthquake-Proof Glass-Aluminium Partition Walls
	1 Introduction
	2 Components and Scaled Model Tests
	3 Preliminary Characterization of Single Components and Materials
		3.1 Numerical Model Calibration
	4 Full Scale Tests and Discussion on Preliminary Results
	References
Preliminary Results in the Design and Testing of Earthquake-Resistant School Furniture
	1 Introduction
	2 Objectives and Structural Concepts
		2.1 School Desk
		2.2 Self-supporting Shelving Unit
	3 Preliminary Numerical Analyses
		3.1 School Desk
		3.2 Self-supporting Shelving Unit
	4 Full-Scale Prototypes and Experimental Test Results
		4.1 School Desk
		4.2 Self-supporting Shelving Unit
	5 Conclusions
	References
Experimental Seismic Response Characterisation of Brackets for Use in Ventilated Façade Systems
	1 Introduction
	2 Review of EADs and Relevant Standards
	3 Definition of Testing Procedure for Brackets
		3.1 Test Setup
		3.2 Loading Protocol
	4 Test Results
	5 Conclusions
	References
Shake Table Tests on a New Passively Controlled System with Pulley Amplification Mechanisms for Suspended Ceilings
	1 Introduction
	2 Mechanism of the Pulley Damper Ceiling System
	3 Shake Table Tests
		3.1 Shake Table Test Program
		3.2 Shake Table Test Cases
		3.3 System Components
		3.4 Specimen Details
		3.5 Input Motions and Measurement Plan
	4 Shake Table Tests Results
		4.1 Unidirectional Excitations
		4.2 Bidirectional Excitations
	5 Conclusions
	References
Advanced Digital Video Analyses to Estimate the Dynamic Behavior for Proper Design of a Base-Isolation System of the Sarcophagus of the Spouses at the National Etruscan Museum in Rome: Preliminary Results
	1 Introduction
	2 Input Vibrations Generated by Traffic
		2.1 Procedure Description
		2.2 Railway and Tramway Vibrations
	3 Magnification of the Motion of the Sarcophagus
		3.1 Procedure Description
		3.2 Vibrations of Parts of the Sarcophagus
		3.3 Vibrations Related to the Wooden-Covered Support
	4 Conclusions
	References
Seismic Protection of the Goddess of Morgantina Statue Through an Innovative Base-Isolation Device: Validation by Shake-Table Tests
	1 Introduction
	2 Characterization of the Isolation Device
	3 Assessment of the Seismic Protection Level
	4 Conclusions
	References
Base-Isolation of a Rocking Object on a Rocking Pedestal: Response to Pulse-Type Ground Motion
	1 Introduction
	2 Formulation
	3 Sine-Pulse Analysis
		3.1 Collapse Mechanisms
		3.2 Rocking Spectra
	4 Conclusions
	References
Seismic Risk Mitigation for Non-Structural Components: From Experimentation to Home Automation
A Shake Table Testing Campaign of Electrical Cabinets
	1 Introduction
	2 Description of the Shake Table and the Electrical Cabinet Specimens
		2.1 Shake Table
		2.2 Electrical Cabinet Specimens
	3 Instrumentation
	4 Testing Program
	5 Shake Table Testing Results
	6 Conclusions
	References
Effects of the Vertical and Horizontal Acceleration on the Seismic Response of Piping Networks
	1 Introduction
	2 Description of the Case Study Piping Systems
		2.1 Description of Nonlinearity Modelling
		2.2 Cascade Analysis
		2.3 Nonlinear Dynamic Analysis Results
	3 Conclusions
	References
Seismic Vulnerability of Pallet Storage Systems
	1 Introduction
	2 Case Studies and Structural Modelling
		2.1 Presentation of the Case Studies
		2.2 Presentation of the 3D Finite-Element Models
	3 Methodology
	4 Fragility Curves
	5 Conclusions
	References
A Simplified Framework to Generate Fragility Functions for In-Plane Behavior of Gypsum Partition Walls
	1 Introduction
	2 The Proposed Simplified Framework
		2.1 Experimental Data Collection
		2.2 Backbone Curve Definition
		2.3 Numerical Model of the Partition Wall
		2.4 Nonlinear Dynamic Analysis
		2.5 Fragility Function Definition
	3 Illustrative Example
	4 Conclusions
	References
Dynamic Characterization of Glazed Partition Walls by Operational Modal Analysis Technique
	1 Introduction
	2 Dynamic Identification of Glazed Partitions
		2.1 The Preliminary Finite Element Model
		2.2 The Test Setup and Results
		2.3 Model Updating
	3 Conclusions
	References
Dynamic Characterization and Damage Detection of a Fire-Protection Piping System
	1 Introduction
	2 Dynamic Identification of a Fire-Protection Piping System
		2.1 Description of the Selected Fire-Protection Piping System
		2.2 Finite Element Model
		2.3 Ambient Vibration Test and Model Calibration
	3 Efficiency of the Test Layout for Damage Detection
	4 Conclusions
	References
A Rapid Visual Screening Procedure to Evaluate Seismic Risk of Non-structural Elements in Critical Facilities
	1 Introduction
	2 The Proposed RVS Procedure for Non-structural Elements
	3 Illustrative Example
	4 Conclusions
	References
Comparison of Seismic Losses Associated with Traditional/Innovative Hollow Brick and Plasterboard Internal Partitions
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
		2.1 Outline
		2.2 Case Study Partitions
		2.3 Damage States and Capacity Criteria
		2.4 Case Study Buildings
		2.5 Numerical Analysis and Seismic Demand
		2.6 Global Loss Analysis
	3 Results
		3.1 Global Losses
		3.2 Remarks
	4 Conclusions
	References
Vibration-Based Test Results for the Investigation of the Infill Masonry Wall Damage
	1 Introduction
	2 Laboratory Experimental Campaign
	3 Description of the Infill Damage
	4 Analysis and Interpretation of Dynamic Test Results
	5 A Strategy for the Infill Damage Detection in New Infilled Buildings
	6 Conclusions
	References
Dynamic Properties and Seismic Response of a Museum Display Case with an Art Object
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
		2.1 Specimen
		2.2 Testing Setup and Instrumentation
		2.3 Testing Procedure
	3 Dynamic Identification
	4 Seismic Response
	5 Conclusions
	References
Experimental Study on Ceiling Fall Prevention Using New Materials
	1 Introduction
	2 Use of New Materials
		2.1 Polyurea Resins
		2.2 Aramid Fiber
	3 Anchor Tensile Test
		3.1 Outline of Experiment
		3.2 Outline of Test Specimen
		3.3 Experimental Results and Discussion
		3.4 Experimental Results and Discussion
	4 Ceiling Fall Experiment
		4.1 Experiment Summary
		4.2 Test Specimen Overview
		4.3 Experimental Results and Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
Shake-Table Tests on an Industrial Steel Rack Isolated with Innovative Modular Devices
	1 Introduction
	2 Dynamic Shake-Table Test
		2.1 Specimen Description and Instrumentation
		2.2 Testing Protocol
	3 Experimental Results
		3.1 KSJ Isolator Responses
		3.2 Isolation Effectiveness
		3.3 Hysteretic Fuse Number
	4 Conclusions
	References
On the Use of CLT Infills to Improve the Lateral Performance of RC Frames
	1 Introduction
	2 Objectives of the Study
	3 Description of the Proposed System
	4 Structural Systems and Parametric Study
	5 Finite Element Analyses
		5.1 Modeling of the Structural Systems
	6 Results and Discussion
	7 Conclusions
	References
Required Response Spectra and Acceleration Loading Histories for Seismic Assessment of Acceleration-Sensitive Nonstructural Elements According to the Italian Building Code
	1 Introduction
	2 Shake Table Testing and Existing Protocols
	3 A New Formulation for Required Response Spectra According to Italian Building Code
	4 Concluding Remarks
	References
Supplemental Energy Dissipation Devices for Passive Structural Control
Multi-EDP Performance Assessment of a Steel BRBF Under Ground Motion Sequences
	1 Introduction
	2 Case Study Structure
	3 Hazard Considerations
	4 Engineering Demand Parameters and Capacity Limits
	5 Failure Trends and Risk Assessment
	6 Conclusions
	References
Modern Systems for Wind and Seismic Induced Vibrations
	1 Introduction
	2 Tower in Romania
	3 Hospital in Romania
		3.1 General
		3.2 Retrofitting Strategy
		3.3 Results of Analyses
		3.4 Details of the Tuned Mass Control System and Commissioning
	4 Hotel in Bulgaria
		4.1 General
		4.2 Retrofitting Strategy and Arrangement of Viscous Wall Dampers
		4.3 Results of Analyses
		4.4 Construction Works
	5 Conclusions
	References
Enhancing Stiffness and/or Damping in Structural Systems with Cellular Shear Walls
	1 Introduction
	2 Cellular-Solid Shear Wall Systems
		2.1 Modeling of Cellular-Solids
	3 Cellular-Solid Shear Wall Systems with Viscoelastic Fillers
		3.1 Honeycomb Cellular Geometry
		3.2 Chiral Cellular Geometry
	4 Conclusions
	References
Development of New Optimal Passive Non-detuning Mass Dampers
	1 Introduction
	2 Reduced Model of the Representative Building with the TMD
	3 Design Strategy of the TMD
	4 Genetic Algorithms and Optimization
	5 Design Objective Functions Set-Up and Application to the Prototype Building Model
	6 Conclusions
	References
Challenges and Detailing Considerations for the Incorporation of Passive Energy Dissipation Systems in Life Science Occupancies
	1 Introduction
	2 Structural Design Requirements for Lab Occupancy
	3 Description of Building and Performance Objectives
	4 Description of Damped Frame Configuration
	5 Detailing Considerations
	6 Conclusions
	References
Seismic Isolation in the US Mission Critical Sector
	1 Introduction
	2 Structural Design Requirements for Data Centers
	3 “Importance Factor” as Standard of Practice
	4 Seismic Isolation for Data Centers Key Points
	5 Description of a Northern California Data Center
	6 Description of a Southern California Data Center
	7 Lessons Learned and Recommended Areas of Study
	8 Conclusions
	References
The Brittle Failure of Fluid Viscous Dampers and the Related Consequences on the Reliability of a Medium-Rise Steel Building
	1 Introduction
	2 Fluid Viscous Dampers Modelling
		2.1 The Efficiency of the Model in Reproducing the Brittle Failure Mechanism
	3 Case Study and Method
		3.1 Benchmark Structure and Hazard Scenario
		3.2 Damping System Design Properties
		3.3 Amplification Factors
	4 Results
		4.1 Demand Hazard Curves and Failure Probabilities
		4.2 Fragility Functions
	5 Conclusions
	References
Preliminary Numerical Analysis of the Response of Base-Isolated SDOF Systems Constrained by Two Deformable Devices Under Seismic Excitations
	1 Introduction
	2 Model and Equations of Motion
	3 Optimal Design of Bumpers Parameters
	4 Numerical Analysis of Response Scenarios
		4.1 Comparison of Free Flight (FF), Rigid Bumper Impact (RB) and Preferable Bumper Impact (PB)
		4.2 Comparison of Bumper with Different Values λ−γ
		4.3 Comparison of Different Gaps
		4.4 Response Scenarios Under the Excitation Due to the Cape Mendocino Earthquake
	5 Conclusions and Future Developments
	References
Seismic Vulnerability Assessment and Mitigation of Existing Buildings
Seismic Retrofit of r.c. Buildings with Base Isolation
	1 Introduction
	2 Retrofit of Reinforced Concrete Buildings with Seismic Isolation
	3 Operational Intervention Techniques and Safety During the Works
		3.1 Locking of the Isolation Devices
		3.2 Locking of Columns
	4 Costs and Timetable
	5 Conclusions
	References
Advanced Constitutive Laws for Nonlinear Static Analyses of Masonry Structures
	1 Suitable Non-linear Constitutive Laws for Masonry Material
		1.1 Strumas Constitutive Law
	2 Concrete Damage Plasticity
		2.1 Possible Applications
		2.2 Parameters Involved in Concrete Damage Plasticity
	3 Case Study: Masonry Rail Bridge
		3.1 Description of the Bridge
		3.2 Description of the Numerical Model
		3.3 Eigenvalue Analysis
		3.4 Concrete Damage Plasticity setting
		3.5 ULS Loading
		3.6 Pushover Load Case Proportional to Mode Shape
		3.7 Pushover Load Case Proportional to Masses
	4 Conclusions
	References
Seismic Response Spectra of the 24th August 2016 Amatrice Earthquake
	1 Introduction
	2 Ground Motion Data Set
	3 Microzoning Maps and Amplification Factors
	4 Observations on AMTS Source
		4.1 Comparison with Italian Seismic Codes
	5 Conclusions
	References
Assessment of the Acceleration Floor Spectra Through Dynamic Identification: The Museum of Bargello in Florence
	1 Introduction
	2 The Performed Analysis: The International Museum of Bargello, the Donatello Room and the Lion of Marzocco
	3 The Dynamic Response of the Building
	4 Simplified Analysis of the Lion of Marzocco
	5 Conclusions
	References
Experimental Evaluation of the Cyclic Behaviour of Different Smooth Rebar Anchoring Layouts
	1 Introduction
	2 Description of the Specimens
		2.1 Geometry of the Specimens SM1 and SM2
		2.2 Geometry of the Specimens BS1 to BS4
		2.3 Materials
	3 Test Set-Up
		3.1 Loading Frame and Instrumentation
		3.2 Loading Protocol
	4 Experimental Results
		4.1 Straight Anchors
		4.2 Bent Anchors
	5 Discussion of the Results of the Traight Anchors
		5.1 Influence of the Bond Conditions
	6 Conclusions
	References
Dynamic Characterisation and Seismic Vulnerability Assessment of Existing Masonry Port Structures
	1 Introduction
	2 General Overview
	3 Historical-Critical Analysis
	4 On-Site Testing and Investigation Campaign
	5 Dynamic Identification
		5.1 SHM Acquisition System
		5.2 SEnsor’s Setup
		5.3 Ambient Vibration Test (AVT)
		5.4 Filtering
		5.5 Frequency Domain Decomposition (FDD)
		5.6 Results
	6 Numerical Modelling
	7 Seismic Vulnerability Assessment
	8 Conclusions
	References
Horizontal and Vertical BIM Interoperability Aimed at Seismic Vulnerability Assessment
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
		2.1 Data Collection
		2.2 Data Modeling
		2.3 Interoperability Tests
		2.4 Structural Analysis
	3 Conclusion
	References
Automating the Frequency Domain Decomposition Technique Using the Modal Assurance Criterion
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
	3 Case Study: Yonghe Cable Stayed Bridge
	4 Conclusion
	References
Correction to: Multi-storey Building Retrofit by ADAS-Equipped Braces
	Correction to: Chapter “Multi-storey Building Retrofit by ADAS-Equipped Braces” in: G. P. Cimellaro (Ed.): WCSI 2022, LNCE 309, pp. 532–545, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-21187-445