Seasonal and Interannual Variability of the Western Mediterranean Sea

Title Page
......Page 3
copyright
......Page 4
Contents
......Page 5
Preface......Page 7
1. Introduction......Page 8
2. The Major Forcings and Water Masses......Page 11
References......Page 18
1. Background on the Strait of Gibraltar......Page 19
2 Introduction to the Mediterranean Heat Budget......Page 24
3 Data and Methodology......Page 26
4 Results......Page 30
5 Implications......Page 34
6 Appendix A' Heating Due to Chemical Mixing......Page 35
Acknowledgements......Page 36
References......Page 37
1. Introduction......Page 39
2. The Mean Seasonal Variability of the Water Masses......Page 42
3. The Mean Seasonal Variability of the Transport......Page 46
4. The Strait of Sicily as Part of the Mediterrane......Page 47
5. The Along-Shore Pressure Gradient......Page 49
6. Discussion and Conclusions......Page 50
References......Page 51
Abstract......Page 52
1. Introduction......Page 53
2. Large Scale Circulationin the Alborn Sea......Page 55
3. Mesoscale Dynamics of the Alborfán Sea......Page 56
4. The Alboran Sea Circulation and Its Relationship to the Circulation in the Western Mediterranean......Page 64
Appendix: Brief Overview of Objective Analysis Applied to the Western Alborfán......Page 69
References......Page 75
Abstract......Page 77
1. Introduction......Page 78
2. General Circulation......Page 80
3. Mesoscale Variability......Page 85
4. summary......Page 93
1. General......Page 96
2. Evidences of the Ligurian-Provençal Basin Seasonality......Page 100
3. The Possible Forcings......Page 108
5. Estimation of the Basin Water Budget......Page 112
Conclusion and Discussion......Page 113
References......Page 115
Abstract......Page 117
1. Introduction......Page 118
2. The Circulation......Page 119
3. The Forcing Mechanisms......Page 123
4. Water Masses Characteristics......Page 124
5. The Basin Water Budget......Page 129
6. Discussion and Conclusion......Page 134
References......Page 135
1. Introduction......Page 137
2. Historical Background......Page 138
3. The Historical Satellite Data Base......Page 145
4. The Satellite Data Analysis......Page 146
5. Discussion and Conclusions......Page 152
References......Page 155
1. Introduction......Page 157
2. NODS/MCSST Data Set Process......Page 158
3. Time Series of Seasonal and Annual Average SST......Page 163
4. Seasonal Characteristics of the SST Fields......Page 164
5. Interannual Variability of Seasonal SST Fields......Page 171
6. Summary and Conclusions......Page 175
References......Page 177
1. Introduction......Page 179
2. Data and Methods......Page 180
3. The MAW and LIW Seasonal Varariability......Page 181
5. The MAW and LIW Interannua Variability......Page 186
6. Discussion......Page 187
6. Conclusions......Page 194
References......Page 195
1. Introduction......Page 197
2. Daily Changes in Chlorophyll Concentration in the Alboran Sea......Page 201
3. Monthly Changes in the Chlorophyll Concentration in the Western Mediterranean......Page 210
4. Summary......Page 223
References......Page 225
1. Introduction......Page 228
2. The "Classical" Picture......Page 230
3. Recent Observations......Page 236
4. Long-Term Variations......Page 239
5. Numerical Models......Page 240
6. Small-Scale Phenomena......Page 244
7. Future Research......Page 246
References......Page 247
Introduction......Page 250
Model......Page 252
Forcing......Page 257
Model Results......Page 258
Summary......Page 282
References......Page 284
Abstract......Page 287
1. Introduction......Page 288
2. The GHER Direct Model......Page 290
3. The GHER Inverse Model......Page 294
4. A Diagnostic Study of the Instabilities of the Algerian Current......Page 298
5. Metagnostic Study of the Seasonal Variability of the Western Mediterranean......Page 306
Conclusion......Page 321
References......Page 322
Abstract......Page 325
Introduction.......Page 326
Model Description.......Page 327
Numerical Model Setup.......Page 331
Numerical Model Calibration.......Page 332
Results; Forced Response.......Page 343
Conclusions and Discussion.......Page 353
Appendix A. Derivation of the Dynamical System 12......Page 355
References......Page 358
1. Introduction......Page 360
2. Theoretical Background: The Neptune Effect......Page 361
3. Model Implementation......Page 363
4. Numerical experiments and results......Page 364
5. Summary and Conclusion......Page 365
References:......Page 367
List of Contributors......Page 369