SAS Essentials A Guide to Mastering SAS for Research

SAS Essentials: A Guide to Mastering SAS for Research (2009) (ATTiCA)......Page 1
CONTENTS......Page 7
FIGURES AND TABLES......Page 13
PREFACE......Page 19
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS......Page 21
THE AUTHORS......Page 23
LEARNING OBJECTIVES......Page 27
USING SAS IN A WINDOWS ENVIRONMENT......Page 28
YOUR FIRST SAS ANALYSIS......Page 31
HOW SAS WORKS......Page 35
TIPS AND TRICKS FOR RUNNING SAS PROGRAMS......Page 36
SUMMARY......Page 42
EXERCISES......Page 43
LEARNING OBJECTIVES......Page 45
USING THE SAS DATA SETS......Page 46
UNDERSTANDING SAS DATA SET STRUCTURE......Page 48
RULES FOR SAS VARIABLE NAMES......Page 49
METHODS OF READING DATA INTO SAS......Page 50
GOING DEEPER: MORE TECHNIQUES FOR ENTERING DATA......Page 67
EXERCISES......Page 71
LEARNING OBJECTIVES......Page 76
WORKING WITH SAS LIBRARIES AND PERMANENT DATA SETS......Page 77
READING AND CREATING PERMANENT SAS DATA SETS USING THE WINDOWS FILE NAME TECHNIQUE......Page 78
READING DATA FROM PERMANENT SAS DATA SETS......Page 80
READING AND CREATING PERMANENT SAS DATA SETS USING A SAS LIBRARY......Page 81
CREATING A SAS LIBRARY USING A DIALOG BOX......Page 82
IMPORTING DATA FROM ANOTHER PROGRAM......Page 85
GOING DEEPER: MORE WAYS TO MANAGE DATA......Page 90
GOING DEEPER: IMPORTING MICROSOFT EXCEL DATA USING SAS CODE......Page 91
DISCOVERING THE CONTENTS OF A SAS DATA SET......Page 93
SUMMARY......Page 95
EXERCISES......Page 96
LEARNING OBJECTIVES......Page 99
LABELING VARIABLES WITH EXPLANATORY NAMES......Page 100
CREATING NEW VARIABLES......Page 103
USING DROP AND KEEP TO SELECT VARIABLES......Page 115
SUBSETTING DATA SETS......Page 116
USING THE SET STATEMENT TO READ AN EXISTING DATA SET......Page 118
USING PROC SORT......Page 120
APPENDING AND MERGING DATA SETS......Page 123
GOING DEEPER: USING PROC FORMAT......Page 127
EXERCISES......Page 132
LEARNING OBJECTIVES......Page 135
UNDERSTANDING SAS SUPPORT STATEMENTS......Page 137
UNDERSTANDING PROC STATEMENT SYNTAX......Page 142
USING THE ID STATEMENT IN A SAS PROCEDURE......Page 146
USING THE LABEL STATEMENT IN A SAS PROCEDURE......Page 147
USING PROC PRINT......Page 149
GOING DEEPER: INTRODUCING THE SAS OUTPUT DELIVERY SYSTEM (ODS)......Page 152
SUMMARY......Page 154
LEARNING OBJECTIVES......Page 156
USING PROC MEANS......Page 157
USING PROC UNIVARIATE......Page 164
GOING DEEPER: ADVANCED PROC UNIVARIATE OPTIONS......Page 176
SUMMARY......Page 181
EXERCISES......Page 182
LEARNING OBJECTIVES......Page 185
USING PROC FREQ......Page 186
ANALYZING ONE-WAY FREQUENCY TABLES......Page 189
CREATING ONE-WAY FREQUENCY TABLES FROM SUMMARIZED DATA......Page 193
ANALYZING TWO-WAY TABLES......Page 197
GOING DEEPER: CALCULATING RELATIVE RISK MEASURES......Page 203
GOING DEEPER: INTER -RATER RELIABILITY (KAPPA)......Page 204
EXERCISES......Page 210
LEARNING OBJECTIVES......Page 213
PERFORMING A ONE-SAMPLE T-TEST......Page 214
PERFORMING A TWO-SAMPLE T-TEST......Page 218
PERFORMING A PAIRED T-TEST......Page 223
EXERCISES......Page 226
LEARNING OBJECTIVES......Page 228
COMPARING THREE OR MORE MEANS USING ONE-WAY ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE......Page 229
COMPARING THREE OR MORE REPEATED MEASURES......Page 235
GOING DEEPER: GRAPHING MEAN COMPARISONS......Page 239
EXERCISES......Page 241
LEARNING OBJECTIVES......Page 243
CORRELATION ANALYSIS USING PROC CORR......Page 244
SIMPLE LINEAR REGRESSION......Page 248
MULTIPLE LINEAR REGRESSION USING PROC REG......Page 255
GOING DEEPER: CALCULATING PREDICTIONS......Page 260
GOING DEEPER: RESIDUAL ANALYSIS......Page 263
SUMMARY......Page 267
EXERCISES......Page 268
LEARNING OBJECTIVES......Page 271
COMPARING TWO INDEPENDENT SAMPLES USING NPAR1WAY......Page 272
COMPARING K INDEPENDENT SAMPLES (KRUSKAL -WALLIS)......Page 275
COMPARING TWO DEPENDENT (PAIRED) SAMPLES......Page 277
COMPARING K DEPENDENT SAMPLES (FRIEDMAN’S TEST)......Page 279
GOING DEEPER: NONPARAMETRIC MULTIPLE COMPARISONS......Page 281
EXERCISES......Page 284
LEARNING OBJECTIVES......Page 286
LOGISTIC ANALYSIS BASICS......Page 287
PERFORMING A LOGISTIC ANALYSIS USING PROC LOGISTIC......Page 288
USING SIMPLE LOGISTIC ANALYSIS......Page 290
MULTIPLE BINARY LOGISTIC ANALYSIS......Page 294
GOING DEEPER: ASSESSING A MODEL’S FIT AND PREDICTIVE ABILITY......Page 297
SUMMARY......Page 301
EXERCISES......Page 302
LEARNING OBJECTIVES......Page 303
ANALYSIS OF COVARIANCE......Page 304
GOING DEEPER: TWO-FACTOR ANOVA USING PROC MIXED......Page 319
GOING DEEPER: REPEATED MEASURES WITH A GROUPING FACTOR......Page 322
EXERCISES......Page 329
LEARNING OBJECTIVES......Page 331
CREATING SCATTERPLOTS AND LINE GRAPHS USING GPLOT......Page 332
CREATING BAR CHARTS AND PIE CHARTS......Page 341
CREATING STACKED BAR CHARTS......Page 345
CREATING MEAN BARS USING GCHART......Page 347
CREATING BOXPLOTS......Page 349
GOING DEEPER: ODS GRAPHICS......Page 352
SUMMARY......Page 356
LEARNING OBJECTIVES......Page 357
SPECIFYING THE ODS OUTPUT FORMAT AND DESTINATION......Page 358
SPECIFYING ODS OUTPUT STYLE......Page 360
USING ODS TO SELECT SPECIFIC OUTPUT TABLES FOR PROCEDURES......Page 364
GOING DEEPER: ENHANCING GRAPHICS USING ODS AND CREATING HYPERLINKS......Page 366
GOING DEEPER: CAPTURING INFORMATION FROM ODS TABLES......Page 370
SUMMARY......Page 374
LEARNING OBJECTIVES......Page 377
READING AND WRITING DATA USING DDE......Page 378
USING THE RETAIN STATEMENT......Page 383
ARRAYS AND DO LOOPS......Page 385
TRANSPOSING DATA SETS......Page 391
USING SAS MACROS......Page 395
EXERCISES......Page 398
USING SAS FONTS......Page 403
SPECIFYING SAS COLOR CHOICES......Page 404
SPECIFYING PATTERNS FOR PROCS GPLOT AND PROC UNIVARIATE......Page 405
BAR AND BLOCK PATTERNS FOR BAR CHARTS, PIE CHARTS, AND OTHER GRAPHICS......Page 406
SAS LINE STYLES......Page 407
USING SAS PLOTTING SYMBOLS......Page 409
USING SAS FUNCTIONS......Page 411
ARITHMETIC/MATHEMATICAL FUNCTIONS......Page 412
TRIGNOMETRIC FUNCTIONS......Page 413
DATE AND TIME FUNCTIONS......Page 414
CHARACTER FUNCTIONS......Page 417
SPECIAL USE FUNCTIONS......Page 420
FINANCIAL FUNCTIONS......Page 421
MISCELLANEOUS FUNCTIONS......Page 422
APPENDIX C: CHOOSING A SAS PROCEDURE......Page 423
DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS......Page 424
COMPARISON TESTS......Page 425
RELATIONAL ANALYSES (CORRELATION AND REGRESSION)......Page 427
APPENDIX D: QUICK REFERENCE......Page 429
REFERENCES......Page 435
INDEX......Page 437