Routledge Handbook on Cairo: Histories, Representations and Discourses

Cover
Half Title
Title Page
Copyright Page
Table of Contents
List of Figures
List of Contributors
Preface
Part 1 Histories
	1 Cairo: The State of a City
		Histories
		Representations
			Discourses
		References
	2 Al-Qata’i.: A Lost City in Cairo – Revisited
		The Layout of the City and Its Elements
		1. The Aqueduct
		2. The Bimaristan
		3. The Al-Maydan: Royal Palace and the Open Parade Ground
		4. The Gates of Al-Maydan
		5. The Tombs of Ibn Tulun and Khumarawiyyah
		6. The Street of Shariʿ Al-Aʿzam
		7. The Tomb of Sidi Harun
		8. Dar Al-Imara
		9. The Mosque of Ibn Tulun
		10. The Suqs of the City
		11. Qubbat Al-Hawa’
		The End of Al-Qata’iʿ: A Concluding Remark
		Notes
		References
	3 Cairo as a Palace: Rituals of the Fatimid Caliphate
		Ceremonial Processions
		The Procession of the Caliph During the Egyptian National Feasts
		Concluding Note
		Notes
		Primary Historical Sources (In Chronological Order)
		Secondary Sources
	4 Building Mamluk Cairo: The Capital of a Sultanate
		The First Transformations
		Reshaping the Heart of an Existing City
		A Capital Ready for More
		Mamluk Cairo and the Nile
		Hit By Ruin
		The Mamluk Desert: Al-Sahara’
		The Capital’s Final Appearance
		Conclusion
		Notes
		References
	5 Coopting the Street: The Urban Character of Mamluk Architecture in Cairo
		Appropriating the City
		Setting the Scene
		Amirial Architecture
		Dominating the Urban Space
		Notes
		References
	6 1340 Years of Cairo’s Medieval Necropolis
		The History, Foundation and Evolution
		The Downward Spiral of the City of the Dead
		Architecture and Heritage Values
		Conclusion
		Notes
		References
	7 Policing Cairo in the Nineteenth Century
		Policing Cairo During Ottoman Times
		Policing Cairo During the French Occupation
		Policing Cairo Under Mehmet ʿAli’s Reign: the Early Years
		Policing Cairo Under Mehmet ʿAli: the Middle Years
		Policing Cairo in the Middle Decades of the Nineteenth Century
		Conclusion
		Notes
		References
	8 Khedivial Cairo: The Genesis of the Modern City and the Prospects of Its Downtown
		Early Attempts at Modernizing Cairo
		The Earliest Period Under Mohamed ʿAli Pasha and Said Pasha
		The Reign of Khedive Ismaʿil
		Ismaʿilia and Tawfiqiya: the Modern Districts Constructed in the 19th Century Under the Khedives
		The Features of Khedivial Cairo
		The Architectural Character of Khedivial Cairo
		The Urban Character of Khedivial Cairo
		Haỷat Al-Baladeya and Maslahet Al-Tandhim: the Municipal Bodies and Their Functions
		The Deterioration of Khedivial Cairo?
		Initiatives to Conserve Khedivial Cairo and the NOUH Project
		Concluding Remarks
		Notes
		References
	9 Tahrir Square: The Roundabout and the History of Modern Cairo
		Founding the Modern Square
		The Square Under British Rule
		The Monarchy: A Roundabouts for Kings
		A National Roundabout for a New Republic
		The Liberation Roundabout: Tahrir Square and the Revolution
		Social Media and the Virtual Tahrir Square
		Tahrir Square as a Surveilled Public Space
		The New Roundabout: The Square as a Museum
		On the Future of the Square
		Notes
		References
Part 2 Representations
	10 The Skylines of Cairo: A Photographic Essay
	11 The Earliest Images of Cairo’s Islamic Architecture
		Urban Perspectives
		Matteo Pagano
		Pellegrino Brocardi
		De Maillet and Norden
		Richard Pococke
		Louis Francois Cassas
		Luigi Mayer
		The Scholars of the French Expedition
		A Mamluk Image of Cairene Architecture
		Notes
		References
	12 Seeing Cairo Through Paris: Nineteenth-Century Literary Observations By Egyptian Intellectuals
		The Need for Change
		Interaction With Europe in the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries
		The New Urbanity
		Models of the New Urbanity
		Concluding Note
		Notes
		References
	13 Sayings and Songs: On the Intangible Culture of Cairo
		Cairo in Popular Sayings and Proverbs
			Proverbs as Indicators of Mental Image
			Proverbs Reflecting the Development of Cairo
			Proverbs Echoing Cairenes’ Values
			Proverbs Implying Resentment of Tyranny
			Proverbs Indicating Societal Transformations
		Cairo in Poetry and Songs
			Songs and Poetry Portraying Cairo’s Contradictions
			Songs Portraying the Centrality of Cairo
			Songs Showing the Transformation of Identity
			Using Cairo in Propaganda in Songs
			Songs Portraying the Injustice of Modern Cairo
		Concluding Remarks
		Notes
		References
	14 Cairo Through Her Eyes: Space and Gender Dynamics in Naguib Mahfouz’s Bayn Al-Qasrayn
		Notes
		References
	15 The Judge, the Officer and the Demiurge: Figures and Figurations of Old Cairo
		The Judge’s Expedition: the Underlying Pretext
		The Officer’s Journey: Normalization and Disillusion
		The “Vision” of the Aga Khan: the Creation of Al-Azhar Park
		Epilogue: Old Cairo, a Panoramic Spectacle
		Notes
		References
	16 Cairo On Film: The Modernity of a Cinematic City
		From Colonialism to the Republic: Representations of Modern Cairo
		A Changing Cinematic Cairo at the End of the 20th Century
			Neoliberal Cairo in 21st-Century Films
		Concluding Note
		Notes
		References
	17 Revolutionary Cairo: The City Still Remembers
		Elsewhere – Away From Tahrir
		“The Plan of the Army”
		The Brotherhood Dynamic
		Spring of Worry
		An Anxious City
		Days of Turmoil
Part 3 Discourses
	18 The Normalization of Hijab: Islamic Reveiling in Cairo
		Research On the “New Veil” – Reveiling in the Late 1980s and Early 1990s
		Research as Islamism and Reveiling Continued
		Cairo, the Islamic World, Public Space and Piety
		New Islamic Woman and Activism Vs. Normalized Hijab
		New Generational Perceptions and Negotiations in Cairo
		Repenting of Entertainers (Visible Unveiled Women)
		The Growth of Salafism
		Hijab Post-Mubarak
		Sexual Harassment
		Unveiled Women Report Targeting
		Harassment Or Exclusion of Women Wearing Hijab
		Social Media Encouraging Hijab
		Bans and Requirements
		Hijab Adoption During Ramadan
		Anti-Hijab Or Deveiling
		Enforced Hijab
		The Status Quo and Conclusion
		Notes
		References
	19 Informal Cairo: The Making of an Urban Fabric
		Urban Informality in Cairo
		Urban Sustainable Transitions
		Urban Informality Sustainable Transitions in Cairo
		Conclusions
		Notes
		References
	20 Cairo’s Desert Backyard: The Future of an Ever-Growing Metropolis?
		Early Extensions Into the Desert (Up to Circa 1950)
		1950s to 1990s: the Desert Becomes an Integral Part of the Metropolis
		Post 2000: Cairo’s Exponential Spatial Expansion Into the Desert
		But Where Are the People?
		Transport Problems and Environmental Costs
		The Future of Cairo? An Increasingly Unbalanced Metropolis
		Notes
		References
	21 (Re)Connecting With Wounded Spaces: Encountering Memory, Place and Narrative in Cairo’s Historic Landscape
		Wounded Spaces, Modernity and the Spatial Inscriptions
		The Scares On Empty Spaces
		Remembering the Old Memories
			Safety and Social Belonging
			Economy and Use of Public Space
		Conclusion
		Notes
		References
	22 An Untold Urban Narrative: Transcending Gender, Culture and Modernity in Cairo’s Old Quarters
		The Making of the Hawari’s Socio-Spatial Urban Form
		Women of Old Cairo: Role of Women in Driving Modern Culture in Cairo
		The Transition Towards Modernity: From Cultural Reform to the Design of Homes
		Modern Women and the Making of Modern Cairo
		Concluding Remarks: Tracing Culture, Gender and Modernity in Old Cairo
		Notes
		Bibliography
	23 Rethinking Urban Transformations in Cairo: A View From “Middle-Class” Housing in Al-Mohandiseen
		A Housing Vignette From Al-Mohandiseen
		The Urban Roots of the Middle Class
		The New Middle, the New Social Contract, the New Urban Spaces
		Al-Mohandiseen in the Post-1970s, a Political Economy Perspective
		Parting Thought: Back to the Middle
		Notes
		References
	24 Government Visions: A Planner’s Perspective On the Remaking of Cairo
		The Dilemma: Transformations and Changes
		A Practice Narrative
		Looking at Cairo’s Future Plans: Mega Projects at the Heart of Planning
		The Maspero Triangle Project
		Description of the Project Site
		A History of Prior Concerns Regarding the Maspero Triangle
		Theorizing a Practice: Towards a Conclusion
		Notes
		References
	25 The Transformation of Public Space in Post-Revolutionary Cairo: A Diary From Tahrir, 2011–2013
		Segregating Walls, Zoning
		The Urge to Document, Archive and Film the Revolution
		Public Screenings and Performances
			Graffiti
		Mohammed Mahmoud Street
		The Marches
		Concluding Remarks
		Notes
		Bibliography
Index