Risk Assessment of Phytochemicals in Food: Novel Approaches (Forschungsberichte (DFG))

Risk Assessment of Phytochemicals in Food: Novel Approaches......Page 5
Inhalt /Contents......Page 7
Vorwort......Page 13
Preface......Page 14
1.1 Einleitung......Page 15
1.2 Methodenübergreifende Aspekte......Page 16
1.3 Methoden......Page 17
1.4 Schlussfolgerungen und Empfehlungen......Page 24
1.5 Fazit......Page 27
2.1 Preface......Page 28
2.2 Transdisciplinary Aspects......Page 29
2.3 Methodologies......Page 30
2.4 Conclusions and Recommendations......Page 36
2.5 Concluding Remarks......Page 39
3.1 Vision on Toxicity Testing in the 21st Century: Reflections on a Strategy Document of the US National Research Council......Page 40
3.2 Safety Assessment of Botanicals and Botanical Preparations Used as Ingredients in Food Supplements: Testing an European Food Safety Authority-Tiered Approach......Page 59
3.3 In Silico Toxicology Screening of the Rodent Carcinogenic Potential of Phytochemicals Using Quantitative Structure–Activity Relationship Analysis......Page 80
3.4 Testing Computational Toxicology Models with Phytochemicals......Page 95
3.5 In Silico Models to Establish Level of Safety Concern in Absence of Sufficient toxicological Data......Page 112
3.6 In Silico Methods for Physiologically Based Biokinetic (PBBK) Models Describing Bioactivation and Detoxification of Coumarin and Estragole: Implications for Risk Assessment......Page 126
3.7 In Vitro Models for Carcinogenicity Testing – Reality or Fantasy?......Page 151
3.8 Carcinogen Specific Expression Profiling: Prediction of Carcinogenic Potential?......Page 162
3.9 Safety and Biological Efficacy Testing of Phytochemicals: An Industry Approach......Page 180
3.10 Metabolite Profiling in Rat Plasma as a Potential New Tool for the Assessment of Chemically Induced Toxicity......Page 191
3.11 Profiling Techniques in Nutrition and Food Research......Page 202
3.12 The Complex Links between Dietary Phytochemicals and Human Health Deciphered by Metabolomics......Page 214
3.13 Anti-Oxidative and Antigenotoxic Properties of Vegetables and Dietary Phytochemicals: The Value of Genomics Biomarkers in Molecular Epidemiology......Page 238
3.14 The Japanese Toxicogenomics Project: Application of Toxicogenomics – Utilizing Toxicogenomics into Drug Safety Screening......Page 256
3.15 Toxicology and Risk Assessment of Coumarin: Focus on Human Data......Page 274
3.16 Risk from Furocoumarins in Food? An Exposure Assessment......Page 297
3.17 Transcriptome Analysis in Benefit–Risk Assessment of Micronutrients and Bioactive Food Components......Page 311
3.18 Colorectal and Prostate Cancer: The Role of Candidate Genes in Nutritional Pathways......Page 327
3.19 Glucosinolates: DNA Adduct Formation In Vivo and Mutagenicity In Vitro......Page 335
3.20 Defence Mechanisms against Toxic Phytochemicals in the Diet of Domestic Animals......Page 345
4.1 Coumarin Risk Assessment: Lessons from Human Data......Page 363
4.2 Coffee and Coffee Compounds are Effective Antioxidants in Human Cells and In Vivo......Page 366
4.3 Studying Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, and Excretion of a Complex Extract......Page 371
4.4 Polyphenolic Apple Extracts and their Constituents Modulate DNA Strand Breaks and Oxidation Damage in Human Colon Carcinoma Cells......Page 373
4.5 Comparative Evaluation of Experimental Data on α-Amylase Inhibition by Flavonoids Using Molecular Modelling......Page 378
4.6 Potential Risk of Furan in Foods......Page 380
4.7 Comparative Study on the Toxicity of Alternariol and Alternariol Monomethyl Ether in Human Tumour Cells of Different Origin......Page 381
4.8 A Role for Resveratrol and Curcumine in Sensitization of Glioblastoma Cells to Genotoxic Stress Induced by Alkylating Chemotherapeutics......Page 383
4.9 BfR Risk Assessment of Alkaloids as Ingredients and Contaminants of Food: Quinine, Opium Alkaloids, and Senecio Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids......Page 384
4.10 Elucidation of the Genotoxic Activity of the Alkaloid Ellipticine in Human Cell Lines......Page 393
4.11 Dietary Supplements and Herbal Medicinal Products – for a Clear Differentiation. Statement of the Society for Phytotherapy (GPT) to the \"Article 13 Health Claim List\" of the EFSA......Page 395
4.12 Assessment of Genotoxicity of Herbal Medicinal Preparations According to the Guideline EMEA/HMPC/107079/2007 – A Model Project of Kooperation Phytopharmaka, Bonn, Germany......Page 405
4.13 Implications for an Adverse Effect of Vitamin C in Photodynamic Therapy......Page 410
4.14 Using the Nematode Caenorhabditis elegans to Identify Mode of Action of the Flavonoid Myricetin......Page 411
4.15 Low-Temperature Plasma – Mild Preservation Technology for Minimal Processed Fresh Food?......Page 412
4.16 Influence of Fumonisin B1 on Gene Expression and Cytokine Production......Page 413
4.17 Effects of Quercetin on the Detoxification of the Food Contaminant Benzo[a]pyrene in the Human Intestinal Caco-2 Cell Model......Page 414
4.18 Risk Assessment of T-2 and HT-2 Toxin Using Human Cells in Primary Culture......Page 422
4.19 Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids in Honey Bee Products......Page 423
4.20 Identification of Molecular Determinants for Cytotoxicity of Isoliquiritigenin from Liquorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) towards Leukemia Cell Lines......Page 431
4.21 Functional Effects of Polyphenol Metabolites Produced by Colonic Microbiota in Colon Cells In Vitro......Page 432
4.22 Lifelong Exposure to Isoflavones Results in a Reduced Responsivity of the Mammary Gland in Female Rats towards Oestradiol......Page 434
4.23 Derivation of Maximum Amounts for the Addition of Functional Ingredients to Foods......Page 435
4.24 Constituents of Ginger Induce Micronuclei in Two Mammalian Cell Systems In Vitro......Page 436
4.25 Relative Photomutagenic Potency of Furocoumarins and Limettin......Page 437
4.26 Degradation of Green Tea Catechins......Page 438
4.27 Evaluation of the Cytotoxic Effects of Herbal Homeopathic Extracts in Primary Human Hepatocytes In Vitro......Page 439
4.28 Modulation of Antioxidant Gene Expression by Apple Juice in Rats......Page 444
4.29 Predictivity Comparison between Screening Assays for Bacterial Mutagenicity for Natural Compounds: Micro-Ames vs. Ames Fluctuation Method......Page 451
4.30 Automated In Vitro Micronucleus Testing of Natural Compounds in Correlation with Hydrogen Peroxide......Page 452
4.31 Permeability of Apple Polyphenols in T84 Cell Model and their Influence on Tight Junctions......Page 453
4.32 Influence of Apple Polyphenols on Inflammatory Gene Expression......Page 454
4.33 Diethylstilbestrol-Like Effects of Genistein on Gene Expression of Wnt-Signalling Components in the Endometrial Ishikawa Cell Line......Page 455
4.34 Effect of Dietary Flavonoids in Different Cell Lines: Comparison of Uptake, Modulation of Oxidative Stress and Cytotoxic Effects......Page 462
4.35 Risk…Benefit Considerations of Isoflavone Supplements in the Treatment of Menopausal Vasomotor Symptoms......Page 463
4.36 Effect of Different Catechins on the Growth of HT-29 Cells......Page 465
4.37 Determination of the Isoflavone Content of Soy-Based Infant Formula of the German Market Using a Box-Behnken Experimental Design for Optimizing the Analytical Conditions......Page 467
Participants of the Symposium Risk Assessment of Phytochemicals in Food – Novel Approaches......Page 469
Members of the DFG Senate Commission on Food Safety: Mandate 2007–2010......Page 477