Right-wing Extremism in the Twenty-first Century (Cass Series on Political Violence, 4)

Book Cover......Page 1
Half-Title......Page 2
Title......Page 4
Copyright......Page 5
Contents......Page 6
List of Tables and Figures and Appendices......Page 8
List of Abbreviations and Glossary......Page 10
Notes on Contributors......Page 14
Introduction......Page 16
APPROACHES TO RIGHT-WING EXTREMISM......Page 18
SUBCULTURES, SOCIAL MOVEMENTS AND POLITICAL PARTIES......Page 19
THE EXTREME RIGHT: STRONGER THAN EVER......Page 21
COMPARING PUBLIC OPINION INDICATORS......Page 23
CHANGING NATIONAL SETTINGS......Page 26
NOTES......Page 31
CHAPTER ONE Stronger than Ever......Page 36
STRONGER THAN EVER......Page 37
IMMIGRATION: THE UNIVERSAL IRRITANT......Page 40
RACISM AMONG SOCCER ROWDIES......Page 44
GERMANY: IS THE WAVE CRESTING AGAIN?......Page 46
WHY COMPARE EXTREME RIGHT MOVEMENTS?......Page 50
NOTES......Page 54
INTRODUCTION......Page 60
The single-issue thesis8......Page 62
The protest thesis......Page 63
The social breakdown thesis......Page 65
The (reverse) post-material thesis......Page 67
The economic interest thesis......Page 68
The political opportunity structure thesis......Page 70
The mediatization thesis......Page 72
The national traditions thesis......Page 73
The programmatic thesis......Page 75
The charismatic leader thesis......Page 77
MOVING ON......Page 78
NOTES......Page 81
CHAPTER THREE The Growing Threat of the Radical Right......Page 86
BEYOND FASCISM......Page 88
EXCLUSIONARY POPULISM......Page 89
FROM NEO-LIBERALISM TO VOLKISCH SOCIALISM......Page 91
THE BOND THAT BINDS: WHITE RESISTANCE......Page 93
FILLING THE VOID......Page 96
NOTES......Page 99
INTRODUCTION......Page 108
THE 1997 EUROBAROMETER SURVEY......Page 109
EU core states......Page 116
The northern cluster......Page 118
The southern cluster......Page 120
Methodological obstacles......Page 121
The overall picture......Page 122
Attitude dimensions......Page 124
Explaining altitudinal differences in countries......Page 128
CONCLUSION......Page 131
NOTES......Page 132
CHAPTER FIVE Explaining National Variations in Support for Far Right Political Parties in Western Europe, 1990–2000......Page 136
THEORIES......Page 137
METHODOLOGY......Page 140
FINDINGS......Page 143
CONCLUSIONS......Page 147
NOTES......Page 148
INTRODUCTION......Page 152
THE IMPACT OF POST-INDUSTRIALISM AND THE RECASTING OF THE EXTREME RIGHT......Page 154
FACTORS OF DEVELOPMENT AND ENDURANCE......Page 157
PROLETARIZATION AND RADICALIZATION, OR APPEASEMENT AND EMBOURGEOISEMENT?......Page 161
NOTES......Page 163
INTRODUCTION......Page 170
Ideology......Page 171
Structures......Page 172
THE RADICAL RIGHT SCENE IN FRANCE : THE PARTY AS HEGEMON......Page 173
The FN ideology......Page 175
The FN electorate......Page 178
Immigrant concentrations......Page 179
THE FRONT NATIONAL AND ITS ENVIRONMENT: INTERACTION AND IMPACT......Page 183
Collective action......Page 184
Impact on issue priorities......Page 185
Coalition formation......Page 188
Policy agenda formation......Page 191
Local power......Page 192
CONCLUSIONS......Page 193
NOTES......Page 194
CHAPTER EIGHT The FPO: From Populist Protest to Incumbency......Page 200
THE FPO IN AUSTRIA’S S ELECTORAL MARKET......Page 202
 INTERNAL ORGANIZATION AND ELITE RECRUITMENT......Page 209
The party on the ground......Page 210
The party in public office......Page 215
The party central office......Page 216
CONCLUSION......Page 219
POSTSCRIPT......Page 220
NOTES......Page 223
CHAPTER NINE Right-Wing Extremism and Xenophobia in Germany: Escalation, Exaggeration, or What?......Page 228
Acts of right-wing extremist violence......Page 229
Xenophobic attitudes......Page 231
Right-wing extremist organizations......Page 233
Voting for right-wing extremist parties......Page 235
AN INTERIM ASSESSMENT......Page 236
Explaining right-wing extremist and xenophobic violence......Page 237
Right-wing extremist and xenophobic attitudes......Page 239
Elections......Page 242
A theoretical treasury: forgotten or well-addressed?......Page 243
BEYOND ESCALATION AND EXAGGERATION: TOWARDS A SET OF CONDITIONED PREDICTIONS......Page 248
NOTES......Page 251
CHAPTER TEN Right-Wing Extremism in Russia: The Dynamics of the 1990s......Page 258
THE ORIGINS OF THE CONTEMPORARY RUSSIAN RIGHT......Page 259
THE NEW SITUATION AFTER THE DEMISE OF THE SOVIET UNION......Page 262
CLASSIFICATION AND PROFILES OF EXTREMIST GROUPS......Page 264
THE LEVEL OF PUBLIC SUPPORT......Page 268
EXTREMISTS AND THE RUSSIAN POLITICAL ESTABLISHMENT......Page 270
CONCLUSION......Page 273
NOTES......Page 274
INTRODUCTION......Page 278
RACIST PROPAGANDA......Page 279
DEMONSTRATIONS......Page 281
INVOLVEMENT IN VIOLENCE......Page 283
BANNING EXTREME RIGHT ORGANIZATIONS......Page 285
BARRIERS IN POLITICAL SYSTEMS......Page 288
DEGREE OF POLITICAL ISOLATION......Page 290
STATE RESPONSES: FACILITATING AND INHIBITING FACTORS......Page 291
NOTES......Page 295
Conclusion......Page 298
NOTES......Page 304
Index......Page 306