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ویرایش: 1 نویسندگان: H. N. G. Wadley (auth.), Donald O. Thompson, Dale E. Chimenti (eds.) سری: ISBN (شابک) : 9781461282754, 9781461309796 ناشر: Springer US سال نشر: 1988 تعداد صفحات: 944 زبان: English فرمت فایل : PDF (درصورت درخواست کاربر به PDF، EPUB یا AZW3 تبدیل می شود) حجم فایل: 28 مگابایت
کلمات کلیدی مربوط به کتاب بررسی پیشرفت در ارزیابی کمی غیرمخرب: دوره 7B: خصوصیات و ارزیابی مواد، فیزیک حالت جامد، علوم زیستی، عمومی
در صورت تبدیل فایل کتاب Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation: Volume 7B به فرمت های PDF، EPUB، AZW3، MOBI و یا DJVU می توانید به پشتیبان اطلاع دهید تا فایل مورد نظر را تبدیل نمایند.
توجه داشته باشید کتاب بررسی پیشرفت در ارزیابی کمی غیرمخرب: دوره 7B نسخه زبان اصلی می باشد و کتاب ترجمه شده به فارسی نمی باشد. وبسایت اینترنشنال لایبرری ارائه دهنده کتاب های زبان اصلی می باشد و هیچ گونه کتاب ترجمه شده یا نوشته شده به فارسی را ارائه نمی دهد.
هم از نظر تجربی {2} و هم از نظر تئوری {2,3} نشان داده شده است که امواج سطحی SH که در امتداد محورهای تقارن بافت منتشر میشوند، دارای سرعتهایی هستند که متناسب با بزرگی هر تنشی که در امتداد یکی از تقارن قرار دارد متفاوت است. تبرها به طور خاص، تنش به طور مستقیم با اختلاف سرعت نسبی از طریق معادله -،--V ik=---V متناسب است. -=کی) (I) cr. = 2G (-V ~ ik که در آن cr تنش در جهت i است، G مدول برشی و Vik سرعت ~ موج SH است که در جهت i منتشر می شود و در جهت k قطبی می شود. این رابطه نسبتاً ساده است. به ویژه مفید است زیرا ثابت تناسب فقط مدول برشی شناخته شده را شامل می شود و مدت سرعت را می توان مستقیماً با مشاهده تغییر زمان عبور هنگامی که یک جفت فرستنده-گیرنده از مبدل های موج SH تا 90 درجه روی سطح قطعه می چرخد اندازه گیری کرد. به طور تجربی، معادله (I) بر روی شبکه ریل راه آهن که توسط یک دستگاه تست مکانیکی 200000 پوندی بارگذاری شده بود، آزمایش شد. روش تحریک و تشخیص امواج SH اسکیمینگ سطحی مورد نیاز از مبدل های صوتی الکترومغناطیسی (EMATs) استفاده می کرد که کار می کرد. از طریق یک مکانیسم مغناطیسی در میدانهای مغناطیسی بالا {4}. سرعت موج موازی و عمود بر محور ریل روی شبکه با مقدار پیشبینیشده توسط رابطه (I) به دقت مطلق 30 درصد در بدترین حالت متفاوت است.</ p>
It has been shown both experimentally {2} and theoretically {2,3} that surface skimming SH waves propagating along symmetry axes of the texture have velocities that differ in proportion to the magnitude of any stress that lies along one of the symmetry axes. Specifically, the stress is directly proportional to the relative velocity difference through the equation -,--V ik=---V. -=ki) ( I) cr. = 2G (-V ~ ik where cr. is the stress in the direction i, G is the shear modulus and Vik is the ~elocity of an SH wave propagating in the i direction and polarized in the k direction. This rather simple relationship is particularly useful because the constant of proportionality involves only the well known shear modulus and the velocity term can be measured directly by observing the transit time shift when a transmitter-receiver pair of SH wave transducers are rotated through 90 degrees on the surface of the part. Experimentally, Equation (I) was tested on the web of railroad rails which had been loaded by a 200,000 pound mechanical testing machine {I}. The method of exciting and detecting the necessary surface skimming SH waves used electromagnetic acoustic transducers (EMATs) that operated through a magnetostrictive mechanism at high magnetic fields {4}. Wave velocities parallel and perpendicular to the axis of the rail on the web differed by the amount predicted by Equation (I) to an absolute accuracy of 30 percent in the worst case.
Front Matter....Pages i-iv
Interfaces: The Next NDE Challenge....Pages 881-892
Ultrasonic Methods for Characterizing the Interface in Composites....Pages 893-901
Characterization of Film Adhesion by Acoustic Microscopy....Pages 903-910
Application of SH and Lamb Wave Emat’s for Evaluation of Adhesive Joint in Thin Plate....Pages 911-918
The Influence of Interfacial Conditions on the Ultrasonic Wave Interaction with Multilayered Media....Pages 919-926
The Influence of Material Dissipation and Imperfect Bonding on Acoustic Wave Reflection from Layered Solids....Pages 927-934
Nondestructive Evaluation of Adhesive Bonds Using Leaky Lamb Waves....Pages 935-942
Determination of Delaminations in Adhesively Bonded Layers under Compression....Pages 943-951
Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation of Adhesive Bond Strength....Pages 953-959
Nondestructive Characterization of Ceramic Composite Whiskers with Neutron Diffraction and Ultrasonic Techniques....Pages 961-969
Ultrasonic Characterization of Ceramic-Ceramic Composites....Pages 971-978
QNDE of a 3-D Carbon-Carbon Composite Using Photoacoustic Microscopy....Pages 979-985
Elastic Wave Dispersion in Laminated Composite Plate....Pages 987-994
Practical Application of State-of-the-Art NDE Techniques: Evaluation of Graphite-Epoxy Composite Wing Covers....Pages 995-1001
Inspecting Advanced Composite Materials at Ultrasonic Frequencies from 2 Megahertz to 2 Gigahertz....Pages 1003-1010
A Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation Technique for Assessing the Compression-After-Impact Strength of Composites Plates....Pages 1011-1020
Eddy Current Probe Impedances Due to Interaction with Advanced Composites....Pages 1021-1027
Backscatter from Porosity in Cross-Ply Composites....Pages 1029-1036
A Relationship between Frequency Dependent Ultrasonic Attenuation and Porosity in Composite Laminates....Pages 1037-1044
Effect of Bottom-Surface Reflections on Backscatter from Porosity in a Composite Layer....Pages 1045-1052
Characterization of Porosity in Continuous Fiber-Reinforced Composites with Ultrasonic Backscatter....Pages 1053-1062
Ultrasonic Measurements of Porosity in Woven Graphite Polyimide Composites....Pages 1063-1068
Ultrasonic NDE of Laser-Damaged Organo-Matrix Composites....Pages 1069-1074
Mechanical Strength Degradation of Graphite Fiber Reinforced Thermoset Composites Due to Porosity....Pages 1075-1082
A Model for Ultrasound Transmission Through Graphite Composite Plates Containing Delaminations....Pages 1083-1092
Imaging of Impact Damage in Composite Materials....Pages 1093-1099
Vibrothermographic NDE of Fiberous Composites....Pages 1101-1107
Nondestructive Evaluation of Fiber Composite Laminates by Thermoelastic Emission....Pages 1109-1116
Thermographic Detection of Buried Debonds....Pages 1117-1123
Defect Detection and Quantification in Laminated Composites by EATF (Passive) Thermography....Pages 1125-1132
Sub-Bandgap Laser Probing of GaAs Devices and Circuits....Pages 1133-1140
Semiconductor Dimensional Metrology Using the Scanning Electron Microscope....Pages 1141-1151
White Beam Synchrotron X-Ray Topography of Gallium Arsenide....Pages 1153-1160
A Noninvasive Optical Probe for Detecting Electrical Signals in Silicon IC’s....Pages 1161-1166
Spatially Resolved Non-Contact Bulk and Surface Photovoltage Response in Semiconductors....Pages 1167-1176
High Resolution Holographic Contouring....Pages 1177-1184
Correlation of Thin-Film Bond Compliance and Bond Fracture Resistance....Pages 1185-1194
Evaluation of Solder Bonds in a Silicon Flip Chip Device....Pages 1195-1202
Ultrasonic Evaluation of the Nonlinearity of Metals from a Design Perspective....Pages 1203-1210
Microstructure Characterization with a Pulsed Laser Ultrasonic Source....Pages 1211-1218
Elastic Constant Determination Using Generation by Pulsed Laser....Pages 1219-1226
Laser Optic Vibration Sensing for the Inspection of Bonds in the Orbiter Thermal Protection Tiles....Pages 1227-1235
Imaging Subtle Microstructural Variations in Ceramics with Precision Ultrasonic Velocity and Attenuation Measurements....Pages 1237-1246
Application of the Grain Boundary Internal Friction Peak to the Determination of Optimum Deformation Conditions of a Superplastic Alloy....Pages 1247-1253
Search for NDE Methods to Characterize Thermal History and Mechanical Properties of Al-Li Alloys....Pages 1255-1262
Scattering Induced Attenuation of Ultrasonic Backscattering....Pages 1263-1271
Ultrasonic Characterization of Microspherical Inclusions in Zirconia and Crystallized Glass....Pages 1273-1283
Ultrasonic Characterization of Nonuniform Porosity Distributions in SiC Ceramic....Pages 1285-1292
Reflection of Ultrasonic Waves by an Imperfect Diffusion Bond....Pages 1293-1300
Effects of Imperfect Interfaces on Acoustic Transmission and Diffraction....Pages 1301-1310
Ultrasonic Characterization of Solid-Solid Bonds from Microstructural Changes....Pages 1311-1318
Ultrasonic Non-Destructive Evaluation of Solid State Welds....Pages 1319-1325
Ultrasonic NDE Techniques for Integrally Fabricated Rotors....Pages 1327-1334
Strength and Ultrasonic Characterization of Metallic Interfaces....Pages 1335-1342
Acoustoelastic Responses of an Elastoplastically Deformed Body....Pages 1343-1348
Acoustoelasticity Using Surface Waves in Slightly Anisotropic Materials....Pages 1349-1356
Acoustoelastic Wave Velocity in Metal Matrix Composite under Thermal Loading....Pages 1357-1364
Ultrasonic Methods of Texture Monitoring for Characterization of Formability of Rolled Aluminum Sheet....Pages 1365-1373
Energy Distribution for SH-Waves in Slightly Anisotropic Materials....Pages 1375-1382
Averaging Techniques and Ultrasonic Pole Figures....Pages 1383-1390
Complete Evaluation of Residual Stress States Using Acoustoelasticity....Pages 1391-1398
Measurement of Stress in Steel Structures with SH Wave EMATS....Pages 1399-1404
Sensitivity of an Ultrasonic Technique for Axial Stress Determination....Pages 1405-1412
Application of the Nonlinear Harmonics Method to Continuous Measurement of Stress in Railroad Rail....Pages 1413-1420
X-Ray Diffraction Stress Analysis as an NDE Technique....Pages 1421-1428
Nondestructive Residual Stress Measurements in Railroad Wheels Using the Low-Field Magnetoacoustic Test Method....Pages 1429-1438
Crystallographic Texture in Rolled Aluminum Plates: Neutron Pole Figure Measurements....Pages 1439-1445
A Study of Strain-Induced Phase Transformations in TiNi Alloy by Electric Resistance Method....Pages 1447-1454
Strain Dependence of the Magnetic Properties of AISI 4130 and 4140 Alloy Steels....Pages 1455-1462
Nondestructive Evaluation of Temper Embrittlement in HY80 Steel....Pages 1463-1470
Quantitative Hardening-Depth-Measurements Up to 4 mm by Means of Micro-Magnetic Microstructure Multiparameter Analysis (3MA)....Pages 1471-1475
Modeling of Laser Ultrasound Generation in a Weld Pool....Pages 1477-1484
Laser Sound Generation in a Weld Pool....Pages 1485-1494
Objective Ultrasonic Characterization of Welding Defects Using Physically Based Pattern Recognition Techniques....Pages 1495-1502
Acoustic Emissions at an Open Crack....Pages 1503-1511
Acoustic Emission from Macro-Microcrack Configurations....Pages 1513-1519
Characterization of Cracks in Thick Plates by Lamb Wave Diffraction Studies....Pages 1521-1523
The Use of Ultrasonic Harmonic Generation to Determine Crack Opening Conditions in Compact Tension Specimens....Pages 1525-1529
On-Line Fatigue Crack Growth Monitoring in Externally Pressurised Vessels Using the Alternating Current Potential Drop (ACPD) Technique....Pages 1531-1539
A Novel Fabrication Technique for Prescribed Interior Cracks in a Metal....Pages 1541-1548
Acoustic Characterization of Curing Processes Using Waveguides Embedded within Polymers....Pages 1549-1553
Use of Marginal Oscillator for Acoustic Monitoring of Curing of Epoxy Resin....Pages 1555-1562
Precision Ultrasonic Thickness Measurements of Thin Steel Disks....Pages 1563-1572
Cure Control: Strategies for Using Dielectric Sensors....Pages 1573-1579
In-Process Radiography of ARC Weld....Pages 1581-1588
Eddy Current Measurement of Density During Hot Isostatic Pressing....Pages 1589-1598
An Eddy Current Sensor for the Measurement of Resistivity and Temperature of Aluminum Rod during Extrusion Processing....Pages 1599-1605
Laser-Ultrasonics for Industrial Applications....Pages 1607-1614
A Remote Laser System for Material Characterization at High Temperatures....Pages 1615-1622
Computer Aided Ultrasonic Porosity Assessment for Cast Aluminum Alloy....Pages 1623-1629
Ultrasonic Transducer Characterization Station....Pages 1631-1638
Analysis of a Semi-Automatic System for the Ultrasonic Measurement of Texture....Pages 1639-1646
Design of a System of Inspection Assisted by Microprocessor (SIAM) for Adhesive Bonded Composite Structures....Pages 1647-1652
A Real-Time Ultrasonic Imaging System (ARIS) for Manual Inspection of Aircraft Composite Structures....Pages 1653-1660
Flaw Detection in Railroad Wheels Using Rayleigh-Wave EMATS....Pages 1661-1668
Noncontact Temperature Measurements of Hot Steel Bodies Using an Electromagnetic Acoustic Transducer (EMAT)....Pages 1669-1676
A Compact EMAT Receiver for Ultrasonic Testing at Elevated Temperatures....Pages 1677-1683
An Automated System for Mapping Autohesion and Other Joining Related Defects in Polyethylene Heat-Fused Pipe Joints....Pages 1685-1694
A Pulsed Eddy Current Method for Examining Thin-Walled Stainless Steel Tubing....Pages 1695-1702
Quantitative Eddy Current Variants for Micromagnetic Microstructure Multiparameter Analysis (3MA)....Pages 1703-1707
Application of Eddy Current Principles for Measurement of Tube Centerline Deflection....Pages 1709-1714
Recent Developments in the Ames Magnetic Testing Facility....Pages 1715-1722
Near-Real-Time Radiography Detects 0.1% Changes in Areal Density with 1-Millimeter Spatial Resolution....Pages 1723-1730
The Digitization of NDT Radiographs Using a Laser Scanner for Improved Productivity....Pages 1731-1736
Application of Ultrasonic Pod Models....Pages 1737-1744
Experimental Validation of Models Applicable to the Ultrasonic Inspection of Nuclear Components....Pages 1745-1752
Prediction of the Probability of Eddy Current Flaw Detection....Pages 1753-1760
Statistical Evaluation of NDE Reliability in the Aerospace Industry....Pages 1761-1768
Methodology for Analysis and Characterization of Nondestructive Inspection Capability Data....Pages 1769-1776
Proficiency Evaluation of NDE Personnel Utilizing the Ultrasonic Methodology....Pages 1777-1789
Human Factors Impact on NDE Reliability....Pages 1791-1798
Wednesday Evening Session XIX ‘Town Meeting on a Working Group in NDE’....Pages 1799-1817
Back Matter....Pages 1819-1854