Revelation in the Qur'an : A Semantic Study of the Roots N-Z-l and W-ḥ-y

‎Contents
‎Acknowledgements
‎Figures and Tables
‎Note on Transliteration, Conventions, and Abbreviations
‎Introduction
	‎1. The Roots n-z-l and w-ḥ-y in Previous Scholarship
	‎2. Overall Approach of the Study
‎Chapter 1. Divine Sending Down (tanzīl) I: Actors, Spatiality, and Interaction
	‎1. Overview of the Root n-z-l
	‎2. Spatial Implications of the Root n-z-l and the Author of the Act
	‎3. The Divine Sending Down of Non-revelatory Things
‎Chapter 2. Divine Sending Down (tanzīl) II: The Revelatory Message
	‎1. The Celestial Scripture
	‎2. The Divine Sending Down of the Celestial Scripture
	‎3. The Relationship of the Celestial Scripture to the Qur’anic Revelations
		‎3.1. Aspects of the Celestial Scripture
	‎4. The Primary Celestial Event
		‎4.1. Secondary Celestial-Terrestrial Spatial Events
‎Chapter 3. God’s Esoteric Communication (waḥy)
	‎1. The Root w-ḥ-y in Pre-Islamic Poetry
		‎1.1. The Substantive waḥy
		‎1.2. The Form IV Verb awḥā and Its Verbal Noun īḥāʾ
		‎1.3. The Relationship between Form I waḥy and Form IV awḥā
	‎2. The Root w-ḥ-y in the Qur’an
		‎2.1. The Verb awḥā as Divine Communication
		‎2.2. Non-divine Agents
		‎2.3. The Word waḥy as a Verbal Noun
		‎2.4. Defining the Divine Communication Process
		‎2.5. The Content of the Divine Communication
		‎2.6. The Spirit (al-rūḥ)
	‎3. Adopting a Translation for the Root w-ḥ-y
‎Chapter 4. The Chronological Distribution and Literary Contexts of the Roots n-z-l and w-ḥ-y
	‎1. The Chronological Distribution of the Roots n-z-l and w-ḥ-y
		‎1.1. The Chronological Scheme and the Basic Unit of Measurement
		‎1.2. The Qur’an by Verse Count
		‎1.3. The Chronological Distribution of the Root n-z-l
		‎1.4. The Chronological Distribution of the Root w-ḥ-y
		‎1.5. Conclusion
	‎2. Form-Critical Analysis of the Roots n-z-l and w-ḥ-y
		‎2.1. Form Criticism of the Qur’an
		‎2.2. The Primary Formal Types of the Qur’an
		‎2.3. The Basic Unit of Measurement
		‎2.4. The Distribution of the Roots n-z-l and w-ḥ-y according to Formal Type
	‎3. Addressing the Chronological Distribution of the Roots
‎Chapter 5. The Principal Rhetorical Functions of Divine Sending Down and Divine Communication
	‎1. The Principal Rhetorical Function of Divine Sending Down
		‎1.1. ‘Revelation Affirmations’
		‎1.2. ‘Polemics’
		‎1.3. Other Formal Types
		‎1.4. Conclusion
	‎2. The Principal Rhetorical Function of Divine Communication
		‎2.1. ‘Messenger Addresses’
		‎2.2. ‘Narratives’
		‎2.3. Other Formal Types
		‎2.4. Conclusion
	‎3. The Dynamic Nature of the Qur’an’s Self-Referentiality
‎Chapter 6. The Qur’anic Concept of Revelation
	‎1. From Divine Sending Down (tanzīl) to Divine Communication (waḥy)
	‎2. Implications of the Study
		‎2.1. The Arabian Characteristics of the Modality of Revelation
		‎2.2. The Chronology of the Qur’an
		‎2.3. A Note on the Traditional Islamic Understanding of Revelation
‎Appendix 1. Verses with the Root n-z-l Classified according to Formal Type
‎Appendix 2. Verses with the Root w-ḥ-y Classified according to Formal Type
‎Bibliography
‎General Index
‎Index of Qur’anic Verses