Responsible Engineering and Living: Proceedings of Responsible Engineering and Living 2022 Symposium and Industry Summit (REAL2022)

Preface
Acknowledgments
Contents
1 Access to Drinking Water, Food Security and Adequate Housing: Challenges for Engineering, Past, Present and Future
	1.1 Introduction
		1.1.1 What Are the Challenges?
		1.1.2 Shelter as a Population Growth Exemplar
	1.2 Drinking Water
	1.3 Food
	1.4 Shelter
	1.5 Concluding Remarks
	References
2 Realizing Clean Combustion with Ether Fuels
	2.1 Introduction
	2.2 Clean Combustion
	2.3 Ether Fuels
	2.4 Methodology
	2.5 Engine Platform
	2.6 DME Fuelling System
	2.7 OME Fuelling Systems
	2.8 Results
		2.8.1 Dimethyl Ether (DME)
		2.8.2 Oxymethylene Ether (OME)
	2.9 Conclusions
	References
3 Wind Turbine Wake Redirection via External Vanes
	3.1 Introduction
	3.2 Proposed Concept
		3.2.1 The Need for New Solutions
		3.2.2 Redirecting the Wake via External Vanes
		3.2.3 Some Immediate Advantages and Challenges
		3.2.4 The Scope of the Current Article
	3.3 Methodology
		3.3.1 Numerical Solution
		3.3.2 Setup
	3.4 Results and Discussion
	3.5 Conclusion
	References
4 Energy Generation and Economic Efficiencies of Renewable Energy Technologies in EU-27
	4.1 Introduction
	4.2 Methodology
		4.2.1 Data Envelopment Analysis
	4.3 Data Analysis
		4.3.1 Data and Variables
		4.3.2 Descriptive Statistics
		4.3.3 Selection of the Groups
	4.4 Empirical Analysis and Discussions
		4.4.1 Super Efficiency Values in Terms of Energy Generation
		4.4.2 Super Efficiency Rankings in Economic Terms
	4.5 Conclusions
	Appendix
	References
5 Solar Rooftop Test Cell—Experimental Methodology and Results of Multivariable Sensitivity Analysis
	5.1 Background
		5.1.1 Infrared Emissivity
		5.1.2 Air Leakage
		5.1.3 Solar and IR Transmissivity of the Glazing
		5.1.4 Radiant Sky Temperature
		5.1.5 Convective Heat Transfer Coefficients
	5.2 Methodology
		5.2.1 Experimental Set-Up
		5.2.2 Model Analysis
		5.2.3 Response Test
		5.2.4 Multivariable Sensitivity Analysis Initialization
	5.3 Results and Discussion
		5.3.1 Thermal Properties of Sand
	5.4 Conclusions
	Appendix
	References
6 Methodology and Validation of a New Climate Prediction Model for Commercial and Small-Scale Greenhouses
	6.1 Introduction
	6.2 Methodology
		6.2.1 Baseline Model Methodology
		6.2.2 Expanded Model Capabilities
		6.2.3 Validation Test Sites
	6.3 Results and Discussion
		6.3.1 Greenhouse #1 and #2
		6.3.2 Greenhouse #3
		6.3.3 Greenhouse #4
		6.3.4 Greenhouse #5
		6.3.5 Greenhouse #6
		6.3.6 Comparison of Model Test Results with Existing Literature Models
	6.4 Conclusions
	Appendix
	References
7 Evaluation of Pond Water Performance for Greenhouse Irrigation Cooling: A Case Study in Southwestern Ontario, Canada
	7.1 Introduction
	7.2 Materials and Method
		7.2.1 System Description and Data Collection
		7.2.2 Irrigation System Modelling
	7.3 Model Validation
		7.3.1 Irrigation Water
		7.3.2 Treated Water Tank and Controller
	7.4 Results and Discussion
		7.4.1 Freshwater Temperature
		7.4.2 Pond Water Temperature
		7.4.3 Treated Water Tank Size
		7.4.4 Heat Exchanger Parameters
	7.5 Sensitivity Analysis
	7.6 Conclusion
	7.7 Future Work
	References
8 Selection of Phase-Change Material for Building Envelope by Qualitative Decision-Support Analysis
	8.1 Introduction
	8.2 Qualitative Decision-Support Analysis
	8.3 Methodology and Discussions
	8.4 Conclusions
	References
9 Investigating the Parameters Affecting Gravity Slurry Transfer Through Pipes
	9.1 Introduction
	9.2 Theory
		9.2.1 Hydraulic Jump
		9.2.2 Slurry
		9.2.3 The Type of Materials Used in the Pipe
		9.2.4 The Boundary Conditions of the Copper Mine Case
	9.3 Discussion and Results
		9.3.1 The Parameters Affecting the Optimal Diameter and Hydraulic Jump
	9.4 Conclusion
	References
10 Review and Evaluation of Archimedes Screw Pump Design Guidance
	10.1 Introduction
	10.2 Historical Context
	10.3 Design Details and Modelling
		10.3.1 Flow Rate (Q) and Gap Leakage Flow Rate (Qg)
		10.3.2 Screw Size (Do, Di, and S)
		10.3.3 Number of Blades (N)
		10.3.4 Inclination Angle (Β)
		10.3.5 Rotation Speed (Ω)
		10.3.6 Water Levels (hU and hL)
		10.3.7 Flighted Length (L)
		10.3.8 Mechanical Efficiency (Η)
	10.4 Worked Example
	10.5 Conclusions
	References
11 Accounting for the Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Emission Double-Counting in Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area (GTHA)
	11.1 Introduction
	11.2 Literature Review
		11.2.1 Quantification Methods and Natural Gas Utilization of Large-Scale Emitters
		11.2.2 Issues of Data Uncertainty
		11.2.3 Fuzzy Set Theory-Based Dong, Shah, and Wong (DSW) Algorithm
	11.3 Research Methodology
	11.4 Data Analysis and Results
		11.4.1 Natural Gas Use in Glass Production Facilities
		11.4.2 Natural Gas Use in Pulp and Paper Production Facilities
		11.4.3 GHG Emission Double-Counting
	11.5 Discussion
	11.6 Conclusions
	References