Responding to Secularization: The Deaconess Movement in Nineteenth-Century Sweden

Contents......Page 6
Acknowledgements......Page 8
List of Tables......Page 10
List of Abbreviations......Page 12
1: The Secularization Debate: An Introduction to the Problematic Relationship between Religion and Modernity......Page 14
A. Problems of Definition......Page 17
B. The Secularization Debate in Sociology......Page 19
C. The Secularization Debate in Modern European Religious History......Page 23
D. The Secularization Debate in Swedish Religious History......Page 27
E. The Place of the Present Work in Secularization Scholarship......Page 32
F. Gender and Religion in Modern Sweden......Page 36
G. Sources......Page 41
H. Outline......Page 42
A. The Origins and Formation of the Female Diaconate......Page 45
B. Leadership and Organization......Page 62
C. The Calling of a Deaconess......Page 65
D. A Profile of Deaconesses......Page 77
E. Deaconess Education......Page 83
F. The Work of Deaconesses......Page 87
G. The Difficulties of Recruiting and Retaining Deaconesses......Page 89
H. Conclusion......Page 100
3: Education......Page 102
A. Popular Education in Medieval and Early Modern Europe......Page 103
B. Educational Reforms in Nineteenth-Century Sweden......Page 106
C. The Deaconess School for Poor Children......Page 111
D. Deaconesses as Teachers in Provincial Sweden......Page 116
E. The Discontinuation of Teaching......Page 125
F. Conclusion......Page 127
4: Health Care......Page 129
A. Health Care in Medieval and Early Modern Europe......Page 130
B. Origins of the Modern Nursing Profession in Nineteenth-Century Sweden......Page 134
C. The Deaconess Hospital......Page 141
D. The Nursing Home and the Polyclinic......Page 146
E. Private Home Care and Provincial Hospitals......Page 148
F. Conclusion......Page 154
5: Poor Relief......Page 156
A. Poor Relief in Medieval and Early Modern Europe......Page 157
B. Poor Relief Reform in Nineteenth-Century Sweden......Page 161
C. Indoor Relief......Page 167
D. Outdoor Relief......Page 169
E. Conclusion......Page 177
6: The Social Significance of Swedish Deaconesses......Page 179
Bibliography......Page 186
INDEX......Page 198