Renewable Resources and Biotechnology for Material Applications

CONTENTS......Page 8
PREFACE......Page 12
1. INTRODUCTION......Page 18
3.1. Study Site......Page 19
4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION......Page 20
4.1. Yield Performance and Dry Matter Content of Different Sorghum Types......Page 21
4.2. Yield Performance of Sorghum and Maize under Different Growing Conditions......Page 22
4.3. Nutrient Composition and Theoretical Methane Production and Yield......Page 23
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS......Page 25
REFERENCES......Page 26
INTRODUCTION......Page 28
Fibre Treatment......Page 30
Composites Characterization......Page 31
Duration and Dosing Rate......Page 32
Physical Properties......Page 33
Mechanical Properties......Page 34
Rheology......Page 35
REFERENCES......Page 36
1. INTRODUCTION......Page 38
2. ANALYTICAL PROPERTIES OF DIFFERENT BIOMATERIALS  AND BIO RESIDUES......Page 40
3. COMBUSTION STUDIES WITH ENERGY CROPS AND BIO RESIDUES......Page 41
REFERENCES......Page 45
INTRODUCTION......Page 48
MATERIALS AND METHODS......Page 49
RESULTS......Page 50
DISCUSSION......Page 54
CONCLUSIONS......Page 55
REFERENCES......Page 56
ABSTRACT......Page 58
INTRODUCTION......Page 59
Scope of Research......Page 60
Spring Wheat......Page 61
Winter Wheat......Page 62
Sugar Beet......Page 63
REFERENCES......Page 64
Materials......Page 66
2. Natural Sources of Color Used in Our Study of Colors are......Page 67
Testing Washing Fastness with the Laboratory Dyer Ugolini......Page 68
3. Results and Discussion......Page 69
UPF PROTECTION ON LINEN AND SILK......Page 70
Excellent UVR Protection We Obtained on Samples......Page 71
CONCLUSIONS......Page 72
REFERENCES......Page 74
INTRODUCTION......Page 76
THE POTENTIAL OF WHITE MULBERRY......Page 77
SUMMARY......Page 80
REFERENCES......Page 81
ABSTRACT......Page 84
INTRODUCTION......Page 85
MATERIALS AND METHODS......Page 87
RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS......Page 90
REFERENCES......Page 94
ABSTRACT......Page 98
1. ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES BY FIELD APPLICATION F DIGESTED RESIDUES......Page 99
2. EVALUATION OF GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS  FROM DIGESTED SUBSTRATES......Page 100
3. SUSTAINABLE REGIONAL NUTRIENT LOOPS WITH BIOGAS PLANTS......Page 103
REFERENCES......Page 104
INTRODUCTION......Page 106
MATERIAL AND METHODS......Page 107
Growth of Vetiver Plants......Page 108
OIL PRODUCTION......Page 110
BIOGAS......Page 111
REFERENCES......Page 112
ABSTRACT......Page 114
OIL CROPS......Page 115
Oilseed Rape (Brassica Napus L.)......Page 116
Oil Industry......Page 117
Obstacles in a Non-Food Sector......Page 118
Fiber (Fibrous) Flax (Linum Usitatissimum L.)......Page 120
Flax and Hemp Industry......Page 123
Flax and Hemp Markets......Page 124
Obstacles in Flax and Hemp Sector......Page 125
Potatoes......Page 126
Application of Ethyl Alcohol From Potatoes......Page 127
Markets......Page 128
Cereals......Page 129
Sugar Beets......Page 130
Cosmetics......Page 131
Natural Dyestuffs......Page 132
Osier (Wicker) and Willow......Page 133
Dehydrated Ethanol......Page 134
Cereal Straw......Page 135
Prioritization......Page 136
GENERAL SOURCES OF INFORMATION......Page 138
HEAVY METALS CONNECTED REFERENCES......Page 139
1. INTRODUCTION......Page 140
3. RESULTS......Page 141
4. DISCUSSION......Page 144
REFERENCES......Page 145
ENZYMATIC BIOMASS HYDROLYSIS......Page 148
2. MATERIALS......Page 149
3. METHODS......Page 150
4. RESULTS......Page 151
CONCLUSION......Page 157
1. INTRODUCTION......Page 158
2. EXISTING TECHNOLOGIES AND CONCEPTS......Page 159
REFERENCES......Page 162
1. INTRODUCTION......Page 164
Experiments on Animals......Page 165
Biochemical Analyses......Page 166
3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION......Page 167
CONCLUSION......Page 170
REFERENCES......Page 171
INTRODUCTION......Page 174
EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS AND DISCUSSION......Page 175
REFERENCES......Page 182
ABSTRACT......Page 184
1. INTRODUCTION, AIM AND BACKGROUND......Page 185
2.1. Generate the High Injection Pressure......Page 186
2.2. Pressure Chamber and Optical Measurement Devices......Page 187
3. ANALYTICAL METHOD......Page 188
4.1. Constant Chamber Pressure and Temperature......Page 190
4.2. Variation of the Chamber Pressure......Page 192
4.3. Variation of the Chamber Temperature......Page 194
CONCLUSION......Page 196
REFERENCES......Page 197
INTRODUCTION......Page 198
General PCR and Electrophoresis Conditions......Page 199
RAPD-PCR......Page 200
Design and Application of Specific Primers......Page 201
PCR with Control Primer Pair EU+/EU-......Page 202
Genotyping via RAPD Markers......Page 203
Genotyping via SCAR Markers......Page 204
RAPD and SCAR PCR Results of Clones B4, B18, Z3 And Z5......Page 205
REFERENCES......Page 206
ABSTRACT......Page 208
A. Aim......Page 209
EXPERIMENTAL PART......Page 210
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION......Page 211
CONCLUSION......Page 215
REFERENCES......Page 216
INTRODUCTION......Page 218
B. Background......Page 219
1. Proximate Analysis and Jatropha Seed Pressing......Page 220
3. Esterification-Transesterification Process of Jatropha Oil......Page 221
4. Sulphonation Process......Page 222
5. Purification Process......Page 223
REFERENCES......Page 224
1. INTRODUCTION......Page 226
2. THE POTENTIAL OF RAPESEED PROTEINS......Page 227
3.2. Secondary Plant Substances......Page 229
4.1. De-Oiling Process......Page 230
4.2. Protein Concentrate Process......Page 231
4.4. Protein Fractionation Process......Page 232
5. HOW TO GET BEST RAW MATERIAL FOR PROTEIN EXTRACTION?......Page 233
CONCLUSIONS......Page 237
REFERENCES......Page 238
INTRODUCTION......Page 240
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION......Page 241
CONCLUSIONS AND SUMMARY......Page 243
REFERENCES......Page 244
INTRODUCTION......Page 246
RENEWABILITY OF BIOMASS AND ENERGY......Page 247
I. Agricultural Techniques......Page 249
II. Oil Extraction Technologies......Page 251
III. Oil Processing for Use......Page 252
III.1.2.1.Transesterification......Page 253
CONCLUSION......Page 254
REFERENCES......Page 255
INTRODUCTION......Page 258
AIM AND BACKGROUND......Page 259
EXPERIMENTAL PART......Page 262
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION......Page 264
REFERENCES......Page 266
INTRODUCTION......Page 268
Biocompounds Carriers......Page 269
Experimental Conditions......Page 270
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION......Page 271
REFERENCES......Page 272
INTRODUCTION......Page 274
AIM AND BACKGROUND......Page 275
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION......Page 276
REFERENCES......Page 278
INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND......Page 280
APPROACH......Page 282
REGIONAL VALUE ADDED CHAINS......Page 283
ANALYSIS OF MATERIAL FLOWS......Page 284
CONCLUSION......Page 285
REFERENCES......Page 286
1. INTRODUCTION......Page 288
2. AIM AND BACKGROUND......Page 289
4.1. Carbohydrates as Substrate......Page 290
4.2. Proteins as Substrates......Page 292
4.4. Methane Formation Rate......Page 293
REFERENCES......Page 294
INTRODUCTION......Page 296
PROJECT DESCRIPTION AND CONCLUSIONS......Page 297
REFERENCES......Page 298
ABSTRACT......Page 300
INTRODUCTION......Page 301
BIOMETHANE PRODUCTION PATHWAYS......Page 302
1.2. Economic Aspects......Page 305
1.3. Environmental Aspects......Page 307
CONCLUSION......Page 308
REFERENCES......Page 309
INTRODUCTION......Page 310
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION......Page 311
CONCLUSIONS......Page 313
REFERENCES......Page 314
INTRODUCTION......Page 316
AIM AND BACKGROUND......Page 317
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION......Page 322
REFERENCES......Page 325
I. INTRODUCTION......Page 328
II.1. WP1. Non-Food Crops......Page 330
II.2. WP3. Bio-Based Products......Page 331
Task 3.1 Oils (ITERG)......Page 332
Task 3.4 Pharmaceutical and Other Specialty Products (NCPRI)......Page 333
III. THE WORKSHOPS WITHIN CROPS2INDUSTRY AND THEIR INPUTS REGARDING THE RESTRICTING FACTORS LIMITING BROADER INDUSTRIAL USE OF FIBRE CROPS, THE RESEARCH GAPS  AND RECOMMENDATIONS......Page 334
C. Restricting Factors in Society......Page 335
A. Research Gaps and Recommendations in Technology......Page 336
C. Research Gaps and Recommendations in Society......Page 338
D. Economic Factors......Page 339
REFERENCES......Page 341
INTRODUCTION......Page 342
ITERATIVE EXPERIMENTAL AND SIMULATED METABOLIC DATA LINK......Page 343
INTEGRATED MODELING AT MULTIPLE LEVELS......Page 344
DATA INTEGRATION AND VISUALIZATION......Page 345
CORRELATION BETWEEN METABOLITES AND MORPHOLOGICAL TRAITS: A POWERFUL PREDICTIVE TOOL......Page 346
REFERENCES......Page 347
INTRODUCTION......Page 350
AIM AND BACKGROUND......Page 351
EXPERIMENTAL PART......Page 353
Results of Planting and Harvesting......Page 354
Results of Optimal Harvest Time and Most Effective Extraction Method......Page 358
REFERENCES......Page 361
INTRODUCTION......Page 364
AIM AND BACKGROUND......Page 365
Cell Disruption and Lipid Extraction......Page 367
Growth Analysis......Page 368
Lipid Extraction......Page 369
Analysis of the Fatty Acid Composition......Page 370
CONCLUSION......Page 371
REFERENCES......Page 372
2. BIOMATERIALS FOR CONSUMER PRODUCTS......Page 374
3. BIOMATERIALS AT THE UNIVERSITY OF APPLIED SCIENCES MAGDEBURG-STENDAL......Page 375
4.1.1. PLA + PLA......Page 376
4.2. Flame Protection of PLA......Page 377
REFERENCES......Page 378
INTRODUCTION......Page 380
AIM AND BACKGROUND......Page 381
1. Compositions for Light Building and Isolation Plates......Page 382
2. Compositions for Bricks......Page 384
ACKNOWLEDGMENT......Page 387
ABBREVIATIONS AND UNITS OF MEASURE......Page 388
CRITERIA SYSTEM FOR SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE TO ANALYSE AND ASSESS THE SUSTAINABILITY OF FARMS......Page 389
How Did KSNL Come into Being?......Page 390
Who Runs KSNL?......Page 391
2.1. Brief Description of the Sectors......Page 392
2.1.1. Sector Environmental Compatibility (Criteria of Environmentally Compatible Agriculture)......Page 393
2.1.2. Sector Social Compatibility - Criteria For Socially Compatible Agriculture......Page 396
2.1.3. Sector Economic Compatibility – Criteria of Economically Compatible Agric-ulture......Page 397
2.2. Tolerance Ranges as Evaluation Method......Page 398
3.1.1. Data Collection......Page 400
3.1.2. Selected Results......Page 401
3.3. Cause Analysis......Page 402
Goal Conflicts between the Sectors......Page 404
3.4. Conclusion and Summary of Results......Page 405
4.2. Issuing of Certificates......Page 407
4.4. Limitation of Regimenting Instruments......Page 409
5. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION......Page 410
REFERENCES......Page 411
INDEX......Page 412