Religion and Law: A Dictionary

Contents......Page 7
Introduction & User Guide......Page 15
RELATIONSHIP OF RELIGION & STATE IN THE WESTERN WORLD......Page 21
MAYFLOWER COMPACT......Page 23
MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL LAWS& LIBERTIES......Page 24
RELIGIOUS HAVENS......Page 25
SEPARATION OF CHURCH &STATE......Page 26
RELIGION IN THE FRAMING OF THE CONSTITUTION......Page 27
RELIGION & THE DRAFTING OF THE FIRST AMENDMENT......Page 28
STRUGGLE TO DETERMINE MEANING: INTERPRETING THE RELIGION CLAUSES IN THE NEW NATION......Page 30
EXTENDING FIRST AMENDMENT PROTECTIONS TO THE STATES......Page 31
RECONCILING THE RELIGIOUS FREEDOM CLAUSES......Page 33
HOW MUCH SEPARATION BETWEEN CHURCH AND STATE?......Page 34
HOW DOES THE NATURE OF RELIGION INFLUENCE THE BELIEVER’S ATTITUDE TOWARD THE STATE?......Page 35
ABINGTON SCHOOL DISTRICT V. SCHEMPP......Page 37
ABOLITION......Page 39
ABORTION......Page 41
ACCOMMODATION OF RELIGIOUS BELIEF......Page 46
ACCOMMODATIONIST......Page 49
ACLU NEBRASKA FOUNDATION V. CITY OF PLATTSMOUTH......Page 50
ADOPTION......Page 55
ADULTERY......Page 56
AGUILAR V. FELTON......Page 57
ALLEGHENY COUNTY V. AMERICAN CIVIL LIBERTIES UNION......Page 59
AMERICAN CIVIL LIBERTIES UNION......Page 60
AMERICANS UNITED FOR SEPARATION OF CHURCH AND STATE......Page 61
AMISH EXCEPTION......Page 62
ANTI-DEFAMATION LEAGUE......Page 63
ASYLUM......Page 64
ATHEISM......Page 66
BAKER V. FALES......Page 69
BANKRUPTCY......Page 70
BECKER AMENDMENT......Page 72
BELIEF-CONDUCT DICHOTOMY......Page 76
BIBLE DISTRIBUTION AT PUBLIC SCHOOLS......Page 78
BIBLE, READING OF......Page 80
BILL OF RIGHTS......Page 81
BLACK CHURCH......Page 82
BLASPHEMY......Page 84
BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS......Page 87
BOARD OF EDUCATION V. ALLEN......Page 88
BOARD OF EDUCATION V. GRUMET......Page 89
BOARD OF EDUCATION V. MERGENS......Page 91
BOARD OF TRUSTEES V. MCCREARY......Page 92
BOB JONES UNIVERSITY V. UNITED STATES......Page 94
BOERNE, CITY OF V. FLORES......Page 95
BOWEN V. KENDRICK......Page 98
BRADFIELD V. ROBERTS......Page 99
BRAUNFELD V. BROWN......Page 100
BRONX HOUSEHOLD OF FAITH V. BOARD OF EDUCATION FOR THE CITY OF NEW YORK......Page 101
BURSTYN, INC. V. WILSON......Page 104
CALIFORNIA MISSIONS PRESERVATION ACT......Page 105
CANON LAW......Page 106
CANTWELL V. CONNECTICUT......Page 107
CAPITAL PUNISHMENT......Page 109
CATHOLIC CHARITIES OF THE DIOCESE OF ALBANY V. SERIO......Page 112
CEREMONIAL DEISM......Page 113
CHAPLAINS......Page 114
CHARITABLE CHOICE PROVISION......Page 115
CHARITABLE CORPORATION......Page 118
CHARITABLE DEDUCTION......Page 120
CHARITABLE IMMUNITY......Page 121
CHARITABLE TRUST......Page 124
CHARITY......Page 127
CHILD BENEFIT THEORY......Page 131
CHRISTIAN LEGAL SOCIETY......Page 133
CHRISTIAN SCIENTIST CHURCH......Page 134
CHURCH AND STATE......Page 136
CHURCH ARSON......Page 138
CHURCH AUTONOMY DISPUTES......Page 139
CHURCH AUTONOMY DOCTRINE......Page 144
CHURCH OF JESUS CHRIST OF LATTER-DAY SAINTS......Page 145
CHURCH OF LATTER-DAY SAINTS V. AMOS......Page 148
CHURCH RECORDS......Page 150
CHURCH SCHOOLS......Page 151
CHURCH TRIBUNALS......Page 152
CIVIC RELIGION......Page 153
CLERGY, BENEFIT OF......Page 154
CLERGY MALPRACTICE......Page 155
CLERGY SEX ABUSE......Page 157
COLLECTIVE BARGAINING AGREEMENTS AND RELIGION......Page 163
COMMITTEE FOR PUBLIC EDUCATION AND LIBERTY V. REGAN......Page 165
COMMON LAW AND CHRISTIANITY......Page 166
CONSCIENTIOUS OBJECTOR......Page 168
CONTRACEPTION......Page 175
COUNCIL ON AMERICAN-ISLAMIC RELATIONS......Page 178
CRIMINAL CONDUCT......Page 181
CULT......Page 182
CULTURE WARS......Page 183
CUTTER V. WILKINSON......Page 185
DAVIS V. BEASON......Page 187
DEFENSE OF MARRIAGE ACT......Page 188
DEPROGRAMMING CASES......Page 192
DISCRIMINATION......Page 193
DISESTABLISHMENT......Page 194
DIVISIVENESS DOCTRINE......Page 195
DIVORCE......Page 197
DOREMUS V. BOARD OF EDUCATION......Page 203
DRAFT......Page 204
DRUGS AND RELIGION......Page 205
DUE PROCESS CLAUSE......Page 208
ECCLESIASTICAL CORPORATION......Page 211
ECCLESIASTICAL COURT......Page 212
ECCLESIASTICAL DISPUTES......Page 213
ECCLESIASTICAL LAW......Page 214
EDWARDS V. AGUILLARD......Page 215
ELK GROVE UNIFIED SCHOOL DISTRICT V. NEWDOW......Page 217
ENDORSEMENT TEST......Page 220
ENGEL V. VITALE......Page 224
EPPERSON V. ARKANSAS......Page 227
ESTABLISHED CHURCH......Page 228
ESTABLISHMENT CLAUSE......Page 229
ETERNAL LAW......Page 237
EVANGELICAL MANIFESTO......Page 238
EVERSON V. BOARD OF EDUCATION......Page 239
EXCESSIVE ENTANGLEMENT......Page 240
FAITH HEALING......Page 243
FAITH-BASED INITIATIVES......Page 247
FAMILY LAW......Page 248
FEDERALISM......Page 249
FETAL RIGHTS......Page 252
FIRST AMENDMENT......Page 253
FLAG SALUTE CEREMONY......Page 258
FOREIGN POLICY......Page 260
FRAZEE V. ILLINOIS DEPARTMENT OF EMPLOYMENT SECURITY......Page 261
FREE EXERCISE CLAUSE......Page 262
FREEDOM OF RELIGION......Page 265
FUNDAMENTAL RIGHT, RELIGIOUS FREEDOM AS A......Page 266
FUNDAMENTALISM......Page 267
GILLETTE V. UNITED STATES......Page 269
GOLDMAN V. WEINBERGER......Page 271
GONZALES V. O CENTRO ESPIRITA BENEFICENTE UNIAO DO VEGETAL......Page 275
GOVERNMENT AID TO PRIVATE SCHOOLS......Page 278
GOVERNMENT AID TO RELIGIOUS INSTITUTIONS......Page 280
GRAND RAPIDS SCHOOL DISTRICT V. BALL......Page 288
GRASSLEY INVESTIGATION OF TELEVANGELISTS......Page 290
HATE CRIMES......Page 293
HEFFRON V. INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR KRISHNA CONSCIOUSNESS......Page 296
HERNANDEZ V. COMMISSIONER OF INTERNAL REVENUE......Page 298
HISTORIC PRESERVATION......Page 299
HOLIDAY DISPLAYS......Page 300
HOME SCHOOLING......Page 304
HOMOSEXUALITY......Page 307
HUMAN RIGHTS CAMPAIGN......Page 311
HYDE AMENDMENT......Page 312
IN GOD WE TRUST......Page 313
INTERNATIONAL RELIGIOUS FREEDOM ACT OF 1998......Page 317
JEHOVAH’S WITNESSES......Page 319
JIMMY SWAGGART MINISTRIES V. BOARD OF EQUALIZATION......Page 321
JOHNSON V. ROBISON......Page 322
JONES V. WOLF......Page 324
JUDAISM......Page 325
JUDICIAL APPOINTMENTS AND RELIGION......Page 327
JURY SERVICE AND RELIGION......Page 328
KENNEWICK MAN CASE......Page 333
LARKIN V. GRENDEL’S DEN, INC.......Page 335
LARSON V. VALENTE......Page 336
LEMON V. KURTZMAN......Page 339
LEVITT V. COMMITTEE FOR PUBLIC EDUCATION......Page 344
LYNCH V. DONNELLY......Page 345
LYNG V. NORTHWEST INDIAN CEMETERY PROTECTIVE ASSOCIATION......Page 348
MADISON’S MEMORIAL AND REMONSTRANCE AGAINST RELIGIOUS ASSESSMENTS......Page 351
MARSH V. CHAMBERS......Page 353
MARYLAND TOLERATION ACT......Page 355
MCCOLLUM V. BOARD OF EDUCATION......Page 356
MCDANIEL V. PATY......Page 358
MEDICAL TREATMENT......Page 360
MILITARY CHAPLAINS......Page 362
MINERSVILLE SCHOOL DISTRICT V. GOBITIS......Page 365
MINISTERIAL EXEMPTION......Page 367
MOMENT OF SILENCE......Page 368
MOMENT OF SILENCE CASES......Page 369
MORMON CASES......Page 372
MUELLER V. ALLEN......Page 375
MUSLIM CHARITIES......Page 377
MUTUAL ABSTINENCE......Page 382
NATIVE AMERICAN RELIGIONS......Page 385
NATURAL LAW......Page 390
NEGLIGENCE AND RELIGIOUS ORGANIZATIONS......Page 392
NEUTRALITY STANDARD......Page 398
NEW RELIGIOUS MOVEMENT......Page 399
NONPROFIT CORPORATION......Page 400
NORWOOD V. HARRISON......Page 404
O’LONE V. ESTATE OF SHABAZZ......Page 407
ORIGINAL INTENT......Page 408
PAGANS/WICCANS......Page 411
PEOPLE FOR THE AMERICAN WAY/PEOPLE FOR THE AMERICAN WAY FOUNDATION......Page 413
PHARMACISTS CONSCIENCE CLAUSE......Page 414
PIERCE V. SOCIETY OF SISTERS......Page 417
PLACE OF WORSHIP......Page 419
PLEDGE OF ALLEGIANCE......Page 420
POLYGAMY......Page 424
PRISONS AND PRISONERS......Page 429
PRIVACY......Page 431
PROPERTY TAX EXEMPTION......Page 435
PROSELYTIZING......Page 437
PROSPERITY GOSPEL......Page 439
PUBLIC FORUM......Page 440
PUBLIC OFFICE......Page 444
PUBLIC SCHOOL CURRICULUM......Page 446
PUBLIC SCHOOL FACILITIES, ACCESS OF RELIGIOUS GROUPS TO......Page 449
PUBLIC SPACE AND RELIGION......Page 452
RACIAL DISCRIMINATION, BASED ON RELIGION......Page 455
REGISTRATION OF RELIGIOUS ORGANIZATIONS......Page 457
RELEASED-TIME PROGRAMS......Page 458
RELIGION AND POLITICS......Page 460
RELIGION, DEFINITION OF......Page 462
RELIGION IN THE WORKPLACE GUIDELINES......Page 465
RELIGIOUS BELIEF, DEFINITION OF......Page 467
RELIGIOUS BELIEF, SINCERITY AND TRUTH OF......Page 469
RELIGIOUS BROADCASTING......Page 471
RELIGIOUS COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES......Page 475
RELIGIOUS DISCRIMINATION......Page 480
RELIGIOUS DISCRIMINATION IN EMPLOYMENT......Page 482
RELIGIOUS ESTABLISHMENT......Page 486
RELIGIOUS EXEMPTIONS......Page 488
RELIGIOUS EXPRESSION......Page 489
RELIGIOUS FREEDOM......Page 491
RELIGIOUS FREEDOM RESTORATION ACT......Page 492
RELIGIOUS FUNDAMENTALISM......Page 495
RELIGIOUS GARB......Page 496
RELIGIOUS HOLIDAYS, GOVERNMENT CELEBRATION OF......Page 510
RELIGIOUS INSTRUCTION IN PUBLIC SCHOOLS......Page 512
RELIGIOUS LAND USE AND INSTITUTIONALIZED PERSONS ACT......Page 513
RELIGIOUS LIBERTY......Page 514
RELIGIOUS LIBERTY PROTECTION ACT......Page 519
RELIGIOUS OATHS......Page 520
RELIGIOUS ORGANIZATION......Page 521
RELIGIOUS PERSECUTION......Page 523
RELIGIOUS PLURALISM......Page 524
RELIGIOUS PROTECTION LEGISLATION......Page 525
RELIGIOUS PURPOSES......Page 526
RELIGIOUS SYMBOLS AND LANGUAGE......Page 527
RELIGIOUS TERRORISM......Page 529
RELIGIOUS TESTS......Page 530
REYNOLDS V. UNITED STATES......Page 533
ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCH......Page 534
SAME-SEX MARRIAGE......Page 539
SCHOOL CHOICE......Page 546
SCHOOL PRAYER......Page 549
SCHOOLS......Page 554
SCOPES TRIAL......Page 555
SEPARATIONIST......Page 559
SEPTEMBER 11TH ATTACKS AND RELIGION......Page 560
SHARED-TIME PROGRAMS......Page 563
SHERBERT V. VERNER......Page 564
SIKHS......Page 567
SOCIAL GOSPEL......Page 569
STALEY V. HARRIS CO.......Page 570
STANDING TO SUE......Page 573
SUICIDE......Page 575
SUNDAY CLOSING LAWS......Page 577
TAX EXEMPTIONS AND RELIGION......Page 581
TEN COMMANDMENTS......Page 584
TEXAS MONTHLY, INC. V. BULLOCK......Page 587
TEXTBOOKS AND RELIGION......Page 589
THOMAS V. REVIEW BOARD......Page 592
THORNTON V. CALDOR......Page 593
TILTON V. RICHARDSON......Page 595
TIME, PLACE, AND MANNER RESTRICTIONS......Page 597
TITHES/TITHING......Page 600
TONY AND SUSAN ALAMO FOUNDATION V. SECRETARY OF LABOR......Page 602
TORCASO V. WATKINS......Page 603
TORTS AND RELIGIOUS ORGANIZATIONS......Page 604
TUITION TAX DEDUCTIONS OR CREDITS......Page 606
UNEMPLOYMENT COMPENSATION AND RELIGION......Page 609
UNENUMERATED RIGHTS......Page 610
UNITED NATIONS DECLARATIONS AND RESOLUTIONS ON RELIGION......Page 612
UNITED STATES V. BALLARD......Page 613
UNITED STATES V. LEE......Page 615
VACCINATIONS......Page 617
VALUE WARS......Page 618
VAN ORDEN V. PERRY......Page 619
VIRGINIA STATUTE OF RELIGIOUS FREEDOM......Page 621
VOUCHERS......Page 623
“WALL OF SEPARATION”METAPHOR......Page 627
WALLACE V. JAFFREE......Page 630
WALZ V. TAX COMMISSION......Page 631
WATSON V. JONES......Page 633
WELFARE REFORM ACT OF 1996......Page 635
WELSH V. UNITED STATES......Page 636
WEST VIRGINIA STATE BOARD OF EDUCATION V. BARNETTE......Page 638
WIDMAR V. VINCENT......Page 639
WISCONSIN V. YODER......Page 640
WITTERS V. WASHINGTON DEPARTMENT OF SERVICES FOR THE BLIND......Page 643
WOLMAN V. WALTER......Page 644
WORKPLACE RELIGIOUS FREEDOM ACT......Page 645
ZOBREST V. CATALINA FOOTHILLS SCHOOL DISTRICT......Page 651
ZONING......Page 653
ZORACH V. CLAUSEN......Page 658
Table of Contents......Page 661
Introduction to Primary Documents......Page 663
The First Charter of Virginia: April 10, 1606......Page 665
Mayflower Compact: 1620......Page 666
The Charter of Massachusetts Bay: 1629......Page 667
Virginia Declaration of Rights: June 12, 1776......Page 668
Pennsylvania Constitution: September 28, 1776......Page 669
Connecticut Constitution:1818......Page 671
Rhode Island Constitution: November 23, 1842......Page 672
DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE: JULY 4, 1776......Page 673
The Maryland Toleration Act: 1649......Page 675
Draft Bill for Establishing Religious Freedom: 1779......Page 679
The Preamble to the United States Constitution......Page 681
First and Fourteenth Amendments......Page 682
Article XI:......Page 683
BLAINE AMENDMENT: 1875......Page 684
Religious Land Use and Institutionalized Persons Act of 2000......Page 685
Universal Declaration of Human Rights......Page 687
UN Declaration on the Elimination of All Forms of Intolerance and of Discrimination Based on Religion or Belief: November 25, 1981......Page 693
UN Declaration on the Rights of Persons Belonging to National or Ethnic, Religious and Linguistic Minorities: December 18, 1992......Page 697
AMODELL OF CHRISTIAN CHARITY......Page 701
THE BLOODY TENET OF PERSECUTION......Page 706
REMONSTRANCE OF THE INHABITANTS OF THE TOWN OF FLUSHING......Page 708
THE GREAT CASE OF LIBERTY OF CONSCIENCE......Page 710
TOLERATION IN OLD AND NEW ENGLAND......Page 714
COMMON SENSE......Page 718
SPEECH TO THE IROQUOIS SIX NATIONS......Page 719
SEEKING EQUAL RIGHTS FOR THE JEWS OF MARYLAND......Page 722
COMMENTARIES ON THE CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES......Page 723
CIVIL LIBERTY AND SELF-GOVERNMENT......Page 724
Dwight D. Eisenhower, 1953–1955......Page 727
John F. Kennedy, 1960......Page 729
Martin Luther King Jr., 1963......Page 734
Martin Luther King Jr., 1963......Page 739
Patrick Buchanan’s Speech, Delivered at the 1992 Republican National Convention in Houston, Texas, on 17 August 1992......Page 743
George W. Bush, 2001......Page 749
John F. Kerry, 2006......Page 755
Barack H. Obama Jr., 2006......Page 761
Mitt Romney, 2007......Page 771
Hillary Rodham Clinton, 2008......Page 777
Chronology of Religion and the Law in the United States, 1776–2009......Page 781
Table of Cases......Page 803
Table of Statutes......Page 817
ARTICLES......Page 821
BOOKS......Page 845
Index......Page 863
About the Author......Page 881
From the Author......Page 883