Reflectarray Antennas

REFLECTARRAY ANTENNAS......Page 3
CONTENTS......Page 7
Preface......Page 11
Acknowledgments......Page 15
1.1 Description of Reflectarray......Page 17
1.2.1 Advantages of Reflectarray......Page 19
1.2.2 Disadvantage of Reflectarray......Page 20
References......Page 22
2.1.2 Spiralphase Reflectarray in the 1970s......Page 25
2.1.3 Microstrip Reflectarray in the 1980s......Page 27
2.2 Recent Developments......Page 29
2.3.1 Array Lens......Page 36
2.3.2 Fresnel-Zone Plate Reflector......Page 38
References......Page 40
3.1 Introduction......Page 43
3.2 Overview of Analysis Techniques......Page 45
3.3 Phase-Shift Distribution......Page 50
3.4 Analysis of Rectangular Patches with Attached Stubs......Page 51
3.5 Full-Wave Analysis of Multilayer Periodic Structures......Page 54
3.5.1 Characterization of a Periodic Interface as a Building Block......Page 56
3.5.2 Analysis of Reflectarray Elements in a Periodic Environment......Page 60
3.6 Phase-Shifter Element Based on Single and Stacked Variable-Sized Patches......Page 64
3.6.1 Single-Layer Elements......Page 65
3.6.2 Multilayer Elements......Page 66
3.6.3 Measurements of Phase-Shift and Losses in Waveguide Simulator......Page 68
3.7 Phase-Shifter Element Based on Aperture-Coupled Patches......Page 71
3.7.1 Design of Reflectarray Element......Page 72
3.7.2 Phase Delay Curves......Page 73
3.8 Feed Model and Radiation Patterns......Page 80
3.8.1 Field on the Reflectarray Elements......Page 82
3.8.2 Radiation Patterns......Page 84
3.8.3 Experimental Results......Page 88
3.8.4 Gain Computation......Page 89
References......Page 90
4.1.1 Element Reflection Phase......Page 95
4.1.2 Element Beamwidth......Page 97
4.1.4 Element Reflection Efficiency......Page 98
4.1.5 Element Spacing......Page 99
4.2 Path Length and Phase Delay Calculation......Page 100
4.3 Radiation Pattern Calculation......Page 101
4.4 Reflectarray Geometry Design......Page 102
References......Page 107
5.1 Bandwidth Limitation by the Reflectarray Element......Page 109
5.2 Broadband Phase-Shifter Elements......Page 111
5.2.1 Aperture-Coupled Patches......Page 112
5.2.2 Variable-Sized Stacked Patches......Page 113
5.2.3 Other Reflectarray Elements for Bandwidth Improvement......Page 115
5.3 Bandwidth Limitation by Differential Spatial Phase Delay......Page 116
5.4 Broadband Techniques for Large Reflectarrays......Page 120
5.4.1 True Time Delay Reflectarrays......Page 122
5.4.2 Compensation of Phase Delay in a Frequency Band......Page 124
5.4.3 Multifacet Reflectarrays......Page 128
References......Page 132
6.1.1 Circular or Dual-Linear Polarization with Two Widely Separated Frequencies......Page 135
6.1.2 Circular Polarization with Two Closely Separated Frequencies......Page 136
6.1.3 Linear Polarization with Two Widely Separated Frequencies......Page 137
6.2 Dual-Band with Two-Layer Substrates......Page 139
6.2.1 High-Frequency Elements above Low-Frequency Elements......Page 140
6.2.2 Low-Frequency Elements above High-Frequency Elements......Page 141
6.3 Multiband Reflectarray with More than Two Frequencies......Page 147
References......Page 150
7.1 Inflatable/Thin-Membrane Reflectarrays......Page 153
7.1.1 X-Band 1-m Inflatable Reflectarray......Page 154
7.1.2 Ka-Band 3-m Inflatable Reflectarray......Page 155
7.2 Contoured Beam Reflectarrays for Space Applications......Page 159
7.2.1 Pattern Synthesis......Page 161
7.2.2 Practical Designs......Page 166
7.3 Multi-Beam Reflectarrays......Page 185
7.4 Amplifying Reflectarray......Page 193
7.5 Folded Compact Reflectarray......Page 198
7.6 Cassegrain Offset-Fed Configurations......Page 206
7.7 Very Large Aperture Applications......Page 210
7.8 Beam Scanning Reflectarrays......Page 211
References......Page 217
Index......Page 223