Rediscovering Heritage Through Technology: A Collection of Innovative Research Case Studies That Are Reworking The Way We Experience Heritage (Studies in Computational Intelligence, 859)

Preface
Contents
About the Editors
List of Figures
List of Tables
Artificial Intelligence
An Overview of Handwritten Character Recognition Systems for Historical Documents
	1 Introduction
	2 Handwritten Character Recognition
		2.1 Offline Verses Online
		2.2 HCR Segmentation Techniques
		2.3 Segmentation Free HCR
	3 Conclusion
	References
Supporting Autonomous Navigation  of Visually Impaired People for Experiencing Cultural Heritage
	1 Introduction
	2 Navigation Technologies for Blind People
	3 The ARIANNA Navigation System
	4 Computer Vision Algorithms
		4.1 Geometry-Based Path Identification
		4.2 Color-Based Path Identification
	5 Extending ARIANNA with IMU-Based Tracking
		5.1 Activity Recognition
		5.2 Heading Estimation
		5.3 Position Estimation
	6 Experimental Validation
	7 Conclusions
	References
A Robotic Humanoid for Information Exploration on Cultural Heritage Domain
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Works
	3 The Humanoid Robot Interaction System
	4 Data-driven ``Conceptual\'\' Space Induction
		4.1 Mapping New Elements into the ``Conceptual\'\' Space
	5 Emotion Detection from Text
	6 The Knowledge Base of the Robot
		6.1 Ontology by CYC Knowledge Base
		6.2 Mapping the Ontology in the Conceptual Space
	7 Dialogue Engine and Communicative Skills
		7.1 Expressiveness of the Robot
	8 Implementation Details
	9 Domain Application
	10 Conclusions and Future Works
	References
Gamification
Using Technology and Gamification as a Means of Enhancing Users\' Experience at Cultural Heritage Sites
	1 Introduction
	2 Gamification
		2.1 Design Framework
		2.2 An Intrinsically Motivating Visitor Experience
	3 Technology and Gamification
		3.1 Mixed Reality
		3.2 Mobile Computing
		3.3 Artificial Intelligence
	4 Conclusion
	References
Win the City Game
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
		2.1 Origin of Serious Games
		2.2 Serious Games and Edutainment Applications
		2.3 Categories of Serious Games
	3 Similar Games
	4 Methodology
		4.1 Win the City Planning Situation
		4.2 Elements of the Game
		4.3 Digital Model of the Game
		4.4 Future Considerations on the Digital Model of the game
	5 Experiments and Testing
	6 Results of the Evaluation
	7 Conclusions and Further Work
	References
Reversing Heritage Destruction Through Digital Technology: The Rekrei Project
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
		2.1 Disintermediation
		2.2 Decoupling
		2.3 Value Co-creation and SD-L
	3 Research Methodology
		3.1 Use Case
		3.2 Case Analysis
		3.3 Decoupling for Legitimacy
		3.4 Turning Heritage Consumers into Heritage Producers: A Co-creation-Based Perspective
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
Game-Based Learning Research at the Danube University Krems\' Center for Applied Game Studies
	1 Overview
	2 Background: Didactic Scenarios of Digital Game-Based Learning (2007–2010)
	3 The Game-Based Learning Toolkit (2013/14)
		3.1 The Analysis Tool
		3.2 The Application Tool
		3.3 The Online Platform
	4 The First Application: Game-Based Learning to Alleviate Early School Leaving in Malta (EU)
	5 Outlook
	References
Virtual Reality
A Case Study into the User Experience of an Application of Virtual Reality at the Saint Paul\'s Catacombs, Malta
	1 Introduction
	2 Identification of Problem
	3 Motivation
	4 Literature Review
		4.1 How Virtual Reality Is Currently Used in Cultural Heritage
		4.2 Alternatives to Using 3D Models of Heritage Sites with Cultural Heritage
		4.3 Use of Virtual Reality with Sites that Are Very Difficult to Visit Physically
	5 Methodology of Creation of Artefact
		5.1 PC Hardware Specifications Used
		5.2 A FPS VR Experience Implementation
		5.3 Drone VR Experience Implementation
	6 Evaluation
		6.1 Evaluation of the User Experience of a Visit to St. Paul\'s Catacombs Excluding VR Exploration
		6.2 Evaluation of the User Experience of a Visit to St. Paul\'s Catacombs Including VR Exploration
		6.3 Improved Flow of Experience
		6.4 Preliminary User Feedback of Experience
	7 Conclusion and Future Work
	References
Techniques of Filming and Audio Recording in 360-Degree Ambiences
	1 Introduction
	2 Background
	3 Language, Techniques and Hardware
		3.1 Virtual Reality
		3.2 360-Degree Video
		3.3 Degrees of Freedom
		3.4 A 360 Project
		3.5 The Setting and the Story
		3.6 How Are the Characters to Interact with the Environment?
		3.7 Environments in 360 Storytelling
		3.8 Space Is Dynamic
		3.9 Characters and Environments in 360 Film
		3.10 Lighting a 360 Film Setup
	4 Conclusion
	References
Augmented Reality
The Effectiveness of an Augmented Reality Guiding System in an Art Museum
	1 Introduction
	2 The State of the Art
		2.1 Comparing Guiding Models
		2.2 Touchscreen Interface and Augmented Reality
		2.3 Markerless System
		2.4 Visual Retention and Augmented Reality
		2.5 Limiting Effects of Augmented Reality Systems in a Museum Context
		2.6 Design Considerations
	3 Malta Fine Arts Museum: Case Study
		3.1 Concept and Design of the AR System
		3.2 Implementation
		3.3 Evaluation
		3.4 Results
		3.5 Further Suggestions
	4 Discussion and Conclusion
	References
Augmented Reality in Cultural Heritage: Designing for Mobile AR User Experiences
	1 Introduction
	2 Augmented Reality
		2.1 AR Categories
		2.2 Mobile Augmented Reality Applications
	3 The Case for Museums and Heritage Sites
	4 Situated Simulations–Case Examples
	5 SitCity—A Proposal Framework
		5.1 Design Approach: Theory Versus Practice
		5.2 Testing and Evaluation
	6 Conclusion
	References
Glossary
Index