Red Nations: The Nationalities Experience in and After the USSR

Cover
Contents
List of tables
Preface
Chapter One: Introduction: the prison-house  of nations
	Methods of rule
	National intellectuals
	Ethnic structure of the Russian Empire on the eve of revolution
Chapter Two: Dispersal and reunion: revolution and civil war in the borderlands
	1917
	Civil War in Central Russia
	Ukraine
	The Northwest
	Central Asia
	The North Caucasus
	The Baku Commune and Azerbaijan
	Armenia
	Georgia
	National autonomy
Chapter Three: Bolshevik nationality policies and the formation of the USSR: the Bolsheviks dispute national policy
	National communism
	More disputes
	The formation of the USSR
Chapter Four: Nation-building the Soviet way
	National borders
	Nagorno Karabakh
	The delimitation of Central Asia
	Affirmative action and opposition
	Resistance
	The Shumskyi Affair, 1926–1927
	Language and education
	Culture
Chapter Five: Surviving the Stalinist onslaught, 1928–1941
	Purges
	Collectivisation
	Sedentarisation
	The Ukrainian famine
	Industry
	History
	Primordialism
	Terror
Chapter Six: The Great Patriotic War and after
	Invasion
	Occupation and resistance
	National partisans
	Patriotism and propaganda
	National military units
	After the war
Chapter Seven: Deportations
	The operations
	Basis of deportations
	Journey to exile
	Exile
	Return
Chapter Eight: Territorial expansion and the Baltic exception
	Independent Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania
	International developments and the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact
	The first annexations
	Sovietisation of the Baltic republics
	Mass deportations
	Post-war annexation of the Ukrainian and Belorussian lands of Poland
	Creation of the Republic of Moldova
	The Republic of Tuva
Chapter Nine: Destalinisation and the revival of the republics
	Contending for power after Stalin’s death
	Transfer of Crimea and national anniversaries
	The Virgin Lands campaign
	Soviet Karelia
	Khrushchev’s Secret Speech and Georgia
	Growing national unrest
	The sovnarkhoz reform
	The education reform of 1958–1959
	Purges in Latvia and Azerbaijan
Chapter Ten: Stability and national development: the Brezhnev years, 1964–1982
	Brezhnev’s nationality policy and the Soviet people
	National culture flourishes
	National histories in competition
	National dissidents
	Open protest
	National republican leadership and national infrastructures
	The persistence of national language
	Economic and demographic development
	Autonomous republics and regions
Chapter Eleven: From reform to dissolution, 1982–1991
	Mikhail Gorbachev
	Riots in Yakutia and Almaty
	Environmental movements in the republics
	Territorial disputes
	Popular fronts
	The role of Russia
	The ‘war of laws’
	The end of the Soviet Union
Chapter Twelve: Nation-making in the post-Soviet states
	Civil wars
	Elections, presidents and cults
	Nation-building and minorities
	East, West or in between?
	Autonomy in Russia
	Colour revolutions
	The Russia–Georgia conflict
Chapter Thirteen: The orphans of the Soviet Union: Chechnya, Nagorno Karabakh, Abkhazia, South Ossetia and Transdniester
	Chechnya
	Nagorno Karabakh
	South Ossetia
	Abkhazia
	Transdniester
	Gagauzia and Ajaria
Conclusion
Bibliography
Index