Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 Essentials

1. Introduction
	1.1 Superuser Conventions
	1.2 Feedback
	1.3 Errata
2. A Brief History of Red Hat Linux
	2.1 What exactly is Linux?
	2.2 UNIX Origins
	2.3 Who Created Linux?
	2.4 The Early Days of Red Hat
	2.5 Red Hat Support
	2.6 Open Source
	2.7 The Fedora Project
	2.8 CentOS - The Free Alternative
	2.9 Summary
3. Installing RHEL 8 on a Clean Disk Drive
	3.1 Obtaining the Red Hat Enterprise Linux Installation Media
	3.2 Writing the ISO Installation Image to a USB Drive
		3.2.1 Linux
		3.2.2 macOS
		3.2.3 Windows
	3.3 Installing Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8
	3.4 Partitioning a Disk for RHEL 8
	3.5 The Physical Installation
	3.6 Final Configuration Steps
	3.7 Installing Updates
	3.8 Displaying Boot Messages
	3.9 Summary
4. Dual Booting RHEL 8 with Windows
	4.1 Partition Resizing
	4.2 Editing the RHEL 8 Boot Menu
	4.3 Changing the Default Boot Option
	4.4 Accessing the Windows Partition from RHEL 8
	4.5 Summary
5. Allocating Windows Disk Partitions to RHEL 8
	5.1 Unmounting the Windows Partition
	5.2 Deleting the Windows Partitions from the Disk
	5.3 Formatting the Unallocated Disk Partition
	5.4 Mounting the New Partition
	5.5 Editing the Boot Menu
	5.6 Summary
6. A Guided Tour of the GNOME 3 Desktop
	6.1 Installing the GNOME Desktop
	6.2 An Overview of the GNOME 3 Desktop
	6.3 Launching Activities
	6.4 Managing Windows
	6.5 Using Workspaces
	6.6 Calendar and Notifications
	6.7 Desktop Settings
	6.8 Summary
7. An Overview of the RHEL 8 Cockpit Web Interface
	7.1 An Overview of Cockpit
	7.2 Installing and Enabling Cockpit
	7.3 Accessing Cockpit
	7.4 System
	7.5 Logs
	7.6 Storage
	7.7 Networking
	7.8 Podman Containers
	7.9 Virtual Machines
	7.10 Accounts
	7.11 Services
	7.12 Applications
	7.13 Diagnostic Reports
	7.14 Kernel Dump
	7.15 SELinux
	7.16 Software Updates
	7.17 Subscriptions
	7.18 Terminal
	7.19 Connecting to Multiple Servers
	7.20 Enabling Stored Metrics
	7.21 Summary
8. Using the Bash Shell on RHEL 8
	8.1 What is a Shell?
	8.2 Gaining Access to the Shell
	8.3 Entering Commands at the Prompt
	8.4 Getting Information about a Command
	8.5 Bash Command-line Editing
	8.6 Working with the Shell History
	8.7 Filename Shorthand
	8.8 Filename and Path Completion
	8.9 Input and Output Redirection
	8.10 Working with Pipes in the Bash Shell
	8.11 Configuring Aliases
	8.12 Environment Variables
	8.13 Writing Shell Scripts
	8.14 Summary
9. Managing RHEL 8 Users and Groups
	9.1 User Management from the Command-line
	9.2 User Management with Cockpit
	9.3 Summary
10. Understanding RHEL 8 Software Installation and Management
	10.1 Repositories
	10.2 The BaseOS Repository
	10.3 The AppStream Repository
	10.4 Summary
11. Configuring RHEL 8 systemd Units
	11.1 Understanding RHEL 8 systemd Targets
	11.2 Understanding RHEL 8 systemd Services
	11.3 RHEL 8 systemd Target Descriptions
	11.4 Identifying and Configuring the Default Target
	11.5 Understanding systemd Units and Unit Types
	11.6 Dynamically Changing the Current Target
	11.7 Enabling, Disabling and Masking systemd Units
	11.8 Working with systemd Units in Cockpit
	11.9 Summary
12. RHEL 8 Network Management
	12.1 An Introduction to NetworkManager
	12.2 Installing and Enabling NetworkManager
	12.3 Basic nmcli Commands
	12.4 Working with Connection Profiles
	12.5 Interactive Editing
	12.6 Configuring NetworkManager Permissions
	12.7 Summary
13. Basic RHEL 8 Firewall Configuration with firewalld
	13.1 An Introduction to firewalld
		13.1.1 Zones
		13.1.2 Interfaces
		13.1.3 Services
		13.1.4 Ports
	13.2 Checking firewalld Status
	13.3 Configuring Firewall Rules with firewall-cmd
		13.3.1 Identifying and Changing the Default Zone
		13.3.2 Displaying Zone Information
		13.3.3 Adding and Removing Zone Services
		13.3.4 Working with Port-based Rules
		13.3.5 Creating a New Zone
		13.3.6 Changing Zone/Interface Assignments
		13.3.7 Masquerading
		13.3.8 Adding ICMP Rules
		13.3.9 Implementing Port Forwarding
	13.4 Managing firewalld from the Cockpit Interface
	13.5 Managing firewalld using firewall-config
	13.6 Summary
14. Configuring SSH Key-based Authentication on RHEL 8
	14.1 An Overview of Secure Shell (SSH)
	14.2 SSH Key-based Authentication
	14.3 Setting Up Key-based Authentication
	14.4 SSH Key-based Authentication from Linux and macOS Clients
	14.5 Managing Multiple Keys
	14.6 SSH Key-based Authentication from Windows 10 Clients
	14.7 SSH Key-based Authentication using PuTTY
	14.8 Generating a Private Key with PuTTYgen
	14.9 Installing the Public Key for a Google Cloud Instance
	14.10 Summary
15. RHEL 8 Remote Desktop Access with VNC
	15.1 Secure and Insecure Remote Desktop Access
	15.2 Installing the GNOME Desktop Environment
	15.3 Installing VNC on RHEL 8
	15.4 Configuring the VNC Server
	15.5 Connecting to a VNC Server
	15.6 Establishing a Secure Remote Desktop Session
	15.7 Establishing a Secure Tunnel on Windows using PuTTY
	15.8 Shutting Down a Desktop Session
	15.9 Troubleshooting a VNC Connection
	15.10 Summary
16. Displaying RHEL 8 Applications Remotely (X11 Forwarding)
	16.1 Requirements for Remotely Displaying RHEL 8 Applications
	16.2 Remotely Displaying a RHEL 8 Application
	16.3 Trusted X11 Forwarding
	16.4 Compressed X11 Forwarding
	16.5 Displaying Remote RHEL 8 Apps on Windows
	16.6 Summary
17. Using NFS to Share RHEL 8 Files with Remote Systems
	17.1 Ensuring NFS Services are running on RHEL 8
	17.2 Configuring the RHEL 8 Firewall to Allow NFS Traffic
	17.3 Specifying the Folders to be Shared
	17.4 Accessing Shared RHEL 8 Folders
	17.5 Mounting an NFS Filesystem on System Startup
	17.6 Unmounting an NFS Mount Point
	17.7 Accessing NFS Filesystems in Cockpit
	17.8 Summary
18. Sharing Files between RHEL 8 and Windows Systems with Samba
	18.1 Samba and Samba Client
	18.2 Installing Samba on a RHEL 8 System
	18.3 Configuring the RHEL 8 Firewall to Enable Samba
	18.4 Configuring the smb.conf File
		18.4.1 Configuring the [global] Section
		18.4.2 Configuring a Shared Resource
		18.4.3 Removing Unnecessary Shares
	18.5 Configuring SELinux for Samba
	18.6 Creating a Samba User
	18.7 Testing the smb.conf File
	18.8 Starting the Samba and NetBIOS Name Services
	18.9 Accessing Samba Shares
	18.10 Accessing Windows Shares from RHEL 8
	18.11 Summary
19. An Overview of Virtualization Techniques
	19.1 Guest Operating System Virtualization
	19.2 Hypervisor Virtualization
		19.2.1 Paravirtualization
		19.2.2 Full Virtualization
		19.2.3 Hardware Virtualization
	19.3 Virtual Machine Networking
	19.4 Summary
20. Installing KVM Virtualization on RHEL 8
	20.1 An Overview of KVM
	20.2 KVM Hardware Requirements
	20.3 Preparing RHEL 8 for KVM Virtualization
	20.4 Verifying the KVM Installation
	20.5 Summary
21. Creating KVM Virtual Machines using Cockpit and virt-manager
	21.1 Installing the Cockpit Virtual Machines Module
	21.2 Creating a Virtual Machine in Cockpit
	21.3 Starting the Installation
	21.4 Working with Storage Volumes and Storage Pools
	21.5 Creating a Virtual Machine using virt-manager
	21.6 Starting the Virtual Machine Manager
	21.7 Configuring the KVM Virtual System
	21.8 Starting the KVM Virtual Machine
	21.9 Summary
22. Creating KVM Virtual Machines with virt-install and virsh
	22.1 Running virt-install to build a KVM Guest System
	22.2 An Example RHEL 8 virt-install Command
	22.3 Starting and Stopping a Virtual Machine from the Command-Line
	22.4 Creating a Virtual Machine from a Configuration File
	22.5 Summary
23. Creating a RHEL 8 KVM Networked Bridge Interface
	23.1 Getting the Current Network Settings
	23.2 Creating a Network Bridge from the Command-Line
	23.3 Declaring the KVM Bridged Network
	23.4 Using a Bridge Network in a Virtual Machine
	23.5 Creating a Bridge Network using nm-connection-editor
	23.6 Summary
24. Managing KVM using the virsh Command-Line Tool
	24.1 The virsh Shell and Command-Line
	24.2 Listing Guest System Status
	24.3 Starting a Guest System
	24.4 Shutting Down a Guest System
	24.5 Suspending and Resuming a Guest System
	24.6 Saving and Restoring Guest Systems
	24.7 Rebooting a Guest System
	24.8 Configuring the Memory Assigned to a Guest OS
	24.9 Summary
25. An Introduction to Linux Containers
	25.1 Linux Containers and Kernel Sharing
	25.2 Container Uses and Advantages
	25.3 RHEL 8 Container Tools
	25.4 Container Catalogs, Repositories and Registries
	25.5 Container Networking
	25.6 Summary
26. Working with Containers on RHEL 8
	26.1 Installing the Container Tools
	26.2 Logging in to the Red Hat Container Registry
	26.3 Pulling a Container Image
	26.4 Running the Image in a Container
	26.5 Managing a Container
	26.6 Saving a Container to an Image
	26.7 Removing an Image from Local Storage
	26.8 Removing Containers
	26.9 Building a Container with Buildah
	26.10 Building a Container from Scratch
	26.11 Container Bridge Networking
	26.12 Managing Containers in Cockpit
	26.13 Summary
27. Setting Up a RHEL 8 Web Server
	27.1 Requirements for Configuring a RHEL 8 Web Server
	27.2 Installing the Apache Web Server Packages
	27.3 Configuring the Firewall
	27.4 Port Forwarding
	27.5 Starting the Apache Web Server
	27.6 Testing the Web Server
	27.7 Configuring the Apache Web Server for Your Domain
	27.8 The Basics of a Secure Web Site
	27.9 Configuring Apache for HTTPS
	27.10 Obtaining an SSL Certificate
	27.11 Summary
28. Configuring a RHEL 8 Postfix Email Server
	28.1 The structure of the Email System
		28.1.1 Mail User Agent
		28.1.2 Mail Transfer Agent
		28.1.3 Mail Delivery Agent
		28.1.4 SMTP
		28.1.5 SMTP Relay
	28.2 Configuring a RHEL 8 Email Server
	28.3 Postfix Pre-Installation Steps
	28.4 Firewall/Router Configuration
	28.5 Installing Postfix on RHEL 8
	28.6 Configuring Postfix
	28.7 Configuring DNS MX Records
	28.8 Starting Postfix on a RHEL 8 System
	28.9 Testing Postfix
	28.10 Sending Mail via an SMTP Relay Server
	28.11 Summary
29. Adding a New Disk Drive to a RHEL 8 System
	29.1 Mounted File Systems or Logical Volumes
	29.2 Finding the New Hard Drive
	29.3 Creating Linux Partitions
	29.4 Creating a File System on a RHEL 8 Disk Partition
	29.5 An Overview of Journaled File Systems
	29.6 Mounting a File System
	29.7 Configuring RHEL 8 to Automatically Mount a File System
	29.8 Adding a Disk Using Cockpit
	29.9 Summary
30. Adding a New Disk to a RHEL 8 Volume Group and Logical Volume
	30.1 An Overview of Logical Volume Management (LVM)
		30.1.1 Volume Group (VG)
		30.1.2 Physical Volume (PV)
		30.1.3 Logical Volume (LV)
		30.1.4 Physical Extent (PE)
		30.1.5 Logical Extent (LE)
	30.2 Getting Information about Logical Volumes
	30.3 Adding Additional Space to a Volume Group from the Command-Line
	30.4 Adding Additional Space to a Volume Group using Cockpit
	30.5 Summary
31. Adding and Managing RHEL 8 Swap Space
	31.1 What is Swap Space?
	31.2 Recommended Swap Space for RHEL 8
	31.3 Identifying Current Swap Space Usage
	31.4 Adding a Swap File to a RHEL 8 System
	31.5 Adding Swap as a Partition
	31.6 Adding Space to a RHEL 8 LVM Swap Volume
	31.7 Adding Swap Space to the Volume Group
	31.8 Summary
Index