Recovery from Schizophrenia: Etiological Models and Evidence-Based Treatments

Preface......Page 9
Part 1.  Diagnosis, Epidemiology, Course, and Outcome......Page 11
1.2. History......Page 12
1.3. Challenges to Kraepelin's Views......Page 15
1.4. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual I (DSM-I)......Page 18
1.5. Problems with Reliability......Page 19
1.6. DSM-IV-TR......Page 20
1.7. ICD-10......Page 21
1.9. Criticisms of the DSM-IV-TR and ICD-10 Definitions......Page 22
1.10. Summary......Page 23
2. Symptoms and Subsyndromal Patterns......Page 24
2.1. Psychotic Symptoms (Psychoticism/Reality Distortion)......Page 26
2.2. Summary......Page 47
3. Epidemiology, Course, and Outcome......Page 49
3.1. Syndrome, Symptoms, Course, and Outcome......Page 50
3.2. Culture, Course, and Outcome......Page 55
3.3. Summary......Page 58
Part 2.  Levels of Analysis......Page 60
4. The Role of Vulnerability and Stress......Page 61
4.1. A Diathesis-Stress Model......Page 63
4.2. Vulnerability Stress......Page 64
4.3. The Role of Environmental Prenatal, Perinatal, and Psychosocial Factors in Risk......Page 65
4.4. Neurodevelopmental Models......Page 66
4.5. Summary......Page 67
5. The Role of Genetics......Page 69
5.1. Twin Research......Page 70
5.2. Adoption Studies......Page 71
5.3. Molecular Studies......Page 74
5.4. Summary......Page 79
6. Brain, Neurotransmitters, and Symptoms......Page 82
6.1. Brain Abnormalities......Page 84
6.2. Neurobiological Modular Systems......Page 86
6.3. Symptom Dimensions and Neurocognitive Deficits......Page 90
6.4. Neurochemistry......Page 91
6.5. The Effects of Altered Neurochemistry on Brain Mechanisms......Page 93
6.6. Summary......Page 95
7. The Role of Neurocognition and Neurodevelopment......Page 97
7.1. Neurodevelopment......Page 99
7.2. A Neurocognitive-Attachment-Based Model......Page 102
7.3. Summary......Page 104
8. General Systems Thinking and Schizophrenia......Page 105
8.1. Summary......Page 108
9.1. Environmental Risk Factors......Page 109
9.2. Psychodynamic Concepts......Page 110
9.3. A Systems-Dynamic Model......Page 114
9.4. Summary......Page 119
Part 3.  Treatment, Rehabilitation, and Recovery......Page 121
10. Deinstitutionalization, Recovery, and Evidence-Based Practices......Page 122
10.1. Recovery......Page 124
10.2. Evidence-Based Practices......Page 126
11. The Schizophrenia Patient Outcomes Research Team Recommendations......Page 128
12. PORT Recommended Psychosocial Therapies......Page 133
12.1. Summary......Page 153
13.1. Cognitive Remediation......Page 155
13.2. Cognitive Adaptation Training......Page 158
13.3. Pharm-CAT......Page 160
13.4. Illness Self-Management......Page 161
13.5. Task-Groups......Page 165
13.6. Social Firms......Page 167
13.7. Soteria House......Page 168
13.8. Fountain House and the Clubhouse Model......Page 170
13.9. Generic Factors in Psychosocial Therapies......Page 173
14. Issues and Practices that Impact Risk and the Recovery Process......Page 175
14.1. Treatment of First Episode Psychosis......Page 176
14.2. Physical Health Problems......Page 177
14.3. Homelessness......Page 179
14.4. Supported Housing......Page 180
14.5. Schizophrenia and the Criminal Justice System......Page 182
14.6. Substance Abuse and Schizophrenia......Page 184
14.7. Psychosocial Factors That Impact on Risk and Recovery......Page 187
14.8. Consumer Movements......Page 189
14.9. Stigma......Page 190
14.10. Implementation......Page 192
14.12. Public Policies......Page 194
14.13. Leadership......Page 197
15. Recovery from Schizophrenia: The Present and Future......Page 199
15.1. Treatment......Page 200
Bibliography......Page 201