Recognizing Heritage: The Politics of Multiculturalism in New Mexico

در سال 2006 کنگره منطقه میراث ملی ریو گراند شمالی را برای به رسمیت شناختن "همزیستی" چهارصد ساله مردم اسپانیایی و هندی در نیومکزیکو و جایگاه آنها در ایالات متحده تأسیس کرد. مناطق میراث ملی جوامع محلی را قادر می‌سازد تا با دولت فدرال برای ترویج حفاظت تاریخی، حفاظت از فرهنگ و توسعه اقتصادی شریک شوند. به رسمیت شناختن میراث زمینه اجتماعی، سیاسی و تاریخی این و دیگر تلاش‌های عمومی برای تفسیر و حفظ میراث بومیان آمریکا و اسپانیایی‌ها در شمال نیومکزیکو را بررسی می‌کند.

 

In 2006 Congress established the Northern Rio Grande National Heritage Area to recognize the four-hundred-year “coexistence” of Spanish and Indian peoples in New Mexico and their place in the United States. National heritage areas enable local communities to partner with the federal government to promote historic preservation, cultural conservation, and economic development. Recognizing Heritage explores the social, political, and historical context of this and other public efforts to interpret and preserve Native American and Hispanic heritage in northern New Mexico.

 

The federal government’s recognition of New Mexico’s cultural distinctiveness contrasts sharply with its earlier efforts to wipe out Indian and Hispanic cultures. Yet even celebrations of cultural difference can reinforce colonial hierarchies. Multiculturalism and colonialism have overlapped in New Mexico since the nineteenth century, when Anglo-American colonists began promoting the region’s unique cultures and exotic images to tourists. Thomas H. Guthrie analyzes the relationship between heritage preservation and ongoing struggles over land, water, and identity resulting from American colonization. He uses four sites within the heritage area to illustrate the unintentional colonial effects of multiculturalism: a history and anthropology museum, an Indian art market, a “tricultural” commemorative plaza, and a mountain village famous for its adobe architecture. Recognizing Heritage critiques the politics of recognition and suggests steps toward a more just multiculturalism that fundamentally challenges colonial inequalities.