Recent Advances in Power Systems: Select Proceedings of EPREC 2020

Preface
Contents
About the Editors
Ground Fault Detection Using Pole Differential Current Measurement for 2-Terminal Bipolar HVDC Lines
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Voltage Derivative Protection [8]
		1.2 Traveling Wave (TW) Protection [8]
		1.3 Current Differential Protection [3, 11]
		1.4 Distance Protection [10, 12]
		1.5 DC Voltage-Level Protection [3]
		1.6 Protection Based on Signal Processing Techniques [13–15]
	2 HVDC Line Control Strategies
	3 Proposed Pole Differential Current Algorithm
		3.1 Protection Principle
		3.2 Selection of Threshold
		3.3 Coordination of PDC and VDCOL Control Characteristics
	4 Simulation Results and Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	Appendix 1
		Bipolar HVDC Test System
	Appendix 2
		Current Controller and Constant Extinction Angle Control (CEA)/γ-Control
	References
A Review on Islanding Detection Schemes for DC Microgrids
	1 Introduction
	2 DC MGs Islanding Detection Schemes
		2.1 Intentional/Planned IDSs
		2.2 Unintentional/Unplanned IDSs
	3 Passive IDSs for DC MGs
		3.1 Under/Over-Voltage-Based IDSs
		3.2 ROCOP-Based IDSs
		3.3 Change in Impedance-Based IDSs
		3.4 ROCOV- and ROCOC-Based IDSs
	4 Active IDSs for DC MGs
		4.1 Impedance Measurement IDSs
		4.2 Positive Feedback IDSs
	5 Conclusion
	References
Novel Fault Detection Scheme Using Stockwell Transform for Transmission Lines with Wind Power Penetration
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology Descriptions
		2.1 Fault Index
		2.2 S-Transform
	3 Proposed Test System
	4 Results and Discussion
		4.1 Line to Ground Fault (SLG)
		4.2 Double Line Fault
		4.3 Double Line Grounded Fault
		4.4 Phase line Fault with Ground
	5 Conclusion
	References
Optimization of Load Distribution Between Distributed Generation Units of a Similar Technology Using Dynamic Programming
	1 Introduction
	2 Optimal Allocation of Distributed Generation Units
		2.1 Method Selection and Operational Constraints
		2.2 Optimal Allocation of a Single Grid-Connected DG Unit
	3 Optimization of Load Distribution Between DG Units by Means of Dynamic Programming
		3.1 Selection of a Distributed Generation Source
		3.2 Problem Statement and Initial Data
		3.3 Optimization Approach with Dynamic Programming
	4 Conclusions
	References
Improvement of Voltage Regulation in an IEEE 9-Bus Radial Microgrid Feeder Using Regression Model
	1 Introduction
	2 Regression Model
	3 The Model for the Study
	4 Results
	5 Conclusions
	References
Optimal Power Dispatch of Renewable Energy-Based Microgrid with AC/DC Constraints
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Literature Review
		1.2 Contributions
		1.3 Paper Structure
	2 Problem Formulation
		2.1 Objective Function
		2.2 Thermal Power Generators
		2.3 Wind Turbine Model
		2.4 Solar Photovoltaic Model
		2.5 Modeling for Battery Storage System
		2.6 Model for Load Shedding
		2.7 DC Power Flow Constraints Modeling
		2.8 Constraints Modeling for AC Power Flow
	3 Data Used for the Modeling
	4 Simulation Results and Discussions
		4.1 Case 1
		4.2 Case 2
		4.3 Case 3
	5 Conclusion
	References
An Overview of Implementation Issues of Smart Grid
	1 Introduction
	2 Review of the Literature
	3 State Estimation of Smart Grid
	4 Significant Findings of the Study
	5 Conclusion
	References
A Performance Evaluation of SO2 Gas and SO2/CO2 Gas Mixture as Potential SF6 Gas Alternatives in Power Transmission and Distribution System
	1 Introduction
	2 Research Methodology
	3 Result and Discussion
		3.1 Electron Drift Velocity for SF6 and SO2 Gas
		3.2 Electron Drift Velocity for CO2 and SO2 Gas
		3.3 Effective Ionization Coefficients and Drift Velocity of the Gas Mixture
	4 Conclusion
	References
An Islanding Detection Methodology for SOFC-Based Static DG Using DWT
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Feature Extraction Using Discrete Wavelet Transform
		1.2 Test System Considered
	2 Proposed Scheme
	3 Results
	4 Conclusion
	References
A Novel Firing Angle-Based Power-Flow Model of TCSC
	1 Introduction
	2 TCSC—A Series FACTS Device
	3 Power-Flow Solution with TCSC Using Newton–Raphson
	4 Results
		4.1 IEEE 14-Bus Test System
		4.2 IEEE 300-Bus Test System
	5 Conclusion
	References
Impact of Responsive Demand Scheduling on Optimal Operation of Smart Reconfigurable Distribution System
	1 Introduction
	2 Problem Formulation
		2.1 First Layer
		2.2 Second Layer
	3 Numerical Simulation
	4 Conclusions
	References
Optimal Sharing of Real Power Using Robust Controller in Multi-terminal DC Systems
	1 Introduction
	2 System Description
	3 Proposed Control Strategy and Its Convergence
	4 Results and Discussions
		4.1 Step Change in Power Demand at Constant Power Terminal
		4.2 Step Change in Power Demand on Fix Voltage Droop Control Terminal
		4.3 Random Difference in Power Demand at Fix Power Terminal
	5 Conclusion
	References
Voltage Ripple-Based Islanding Technique on Modified IEEE-13 Bus Test Feeder for Photovoltaic Inverter
	1 Introduction
	2 Model of Inverter Connected DER
	3 Scheme of Islanding Detection
	4 Results and Discussion
		4.1 Effect of Working Frequency on Blocks mean-3 and rms-1
		4.2 Islanding During Various Real Power of Mismatch
		4.3 Islanding During Various Reactive Power Mismatch
		4.4 Three-Phase Faults
		4.5 Load Switching
		4.6 Capacitor Switching
		4.7 Nonlinear Load Connected
	5 Conclusion
	References
Overview of Electric Vehicle: Opportunities and Challenges with Smart Grid
	1 Introduction
	2 Components of EV
		2.1 Converter
		2.2 Electrical Machines and Drives
		2.3 Inverter
		2.4 Battery
	3 Interaction of EV with Smart Grid
	4 Opportunities and Challenges
		4.1 Vehicle to Home (V2H)
		4.2 Vehicle to Vehicle (V2V)
	5 Charging Station
		5.1 Smart Charging
		5.2 Solar-Powered Electric Vehicle
		5.3 Future Trends
	6 Conclusions
	References
HVDC Transmission Topology and Control Analysis
	1 Introduction
	2 HVDC System and Converter Topology
		2.1 Symmetric and Asymmetric Mono-Polar Topology
		2.2 Bipolar Configuration
		2.3 Back-to-Back Configuration
		2.4 Multi-terminal Configuration (MTDC)
		2.5 Converter Topologies
	3 System Control Analysis
	4 Results and Discussion
		4.1 Steady-State Operation and Control Analysis
		4.2 Transient Operation and Control Analysis
	5 Conclusion
	Appendix 1
	References
Modeling and Simulation of Photovoltaic Solar Cell Microgrid
	1 Introduction
	2 Micro-Grid Scheme
		2.1 PV Array
		2.2 A Step Up Converter (DC–DC)
		2.3 MPPT Method
		2.4 Design of VSC in dq-Framework
	3 Result and Discussion
		3.1 Autonomous Network Utility
	4 Conclusion
	References
Effect of Electrical Vehicles Charging on Distribution System with Distributed Generation
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work and Background Information
	3 System Simulation
		3.1 Analysis of IEEE-15 BUS System
		3.2 IEEE-15 Bus System with EVC
		3.3 Simulation of IEEE-15 Bus System With PV (Solar) as Distribution Generator
		3.4 IEEE-15 Bus System with EVC and PV (DG)
	4 Conclusions
	References
Renewable Power Generation Using Asynchronous Generator: A Review
	1 Introduction
	2 Overview of Wind Conversion System and Used Control Techniques
	3 DFIG Based Wind Energy Conversion System
		3.1 DFIG Steady-State Mathematical Model
		3.2 Dynamic Model
	4 DFIG Based Wind Energy Conversion System Issues and Controlling Strategies
		4.1 Control of Regulation of Frequency
		4.2 Energy Storage Control Technique
		4.3 Harmonic Control of Generator Stator Current
		4.4 On the Basis of Fault in Grid Circuit
		4.5 By Adjustment of Real and Reactive Power
		4.6 Control of Unbalance Voltage
		4.7 Direct Torque Control
	5 Conclusions
	References
Estimation of the Monthly Standard Diffuse and Universal Solar Eradiation for the City Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
		2.1 Diffuse Solar Emission Flux Forcasting (Hd)
	3 Results and Discussions
	4 Conclusions
	References
Evaluation of Residual Inductance of the Impulse Generator for the Generation of Lightning Impulse Voltage
	1 Introduction
	2 Analysis of Third-Order Impulse Generator Circuit
	3 Optimization Method
	4 Simulation and Results
	5 Conclusion
	References
Optimal Placement of PMUs for Kerala and Tamil Nadu State Level Regional Indian Power Grid
	1 Introduction
	2 Optimization Based PMU Placement
	3 Implementation
	4 Results
	5 Conclusion
	References
Study of Phasor Measurement Unit and Its Applications
	1 Introduction
	2 PMU
		2.1 PMU Assessment Depends on Following Factors
		2.2 Communication
	3 PMU Application in Power Distribution Network
		3.1 Automation of Power System (Class a)
		3.2 Reliability or Coordination of Power System (Class B)
		3.3 Planning of Power System (Class C)
		3.4 Operation of Power System (Class D)
	4 Development and Placement of PMU
		4.1 Cost Vs Advantage
		4.2 Sensing and Deployment Feasibility
		4.3 Limited Covering Region
	5 Conclusions
	References
Optimal Placement of Electric Vehicle Charging Stations Using JAYA Algorithm
	1 Introduction
	2 Objective Function
	3 Algorithm
	4 Results Analysis
	5 Conclusion
	References
PSO Based Optimal Reactive Power Dispatch for the Enrichment of Power System Performance
	1 Introduction
	2 ORPD Problem Construction
		2.1 True Power Losses Minimization
		2.2 Constraints
	3 Particle Swarm Optimization
		3.1 Implementation of ORPD Using PSO
	4 Simulation Results
		4.1 Minimizing True Power Loss
	5 Conclusion
	References
Design of Adaptive Distance Relay for Transmission Line Protection with Wind Power Integration
	1 Introduction
	2 Issues of Conventional Distance Protection
		2.1 Effect of Wind Generators in Service on the Conventional Quadrilateral Settings
	3 Proposed Scheme
	4 Simulation Results and Analysis
	5 Validation of Adaptive Relay Logic Under Simulated Environment
	6 Conclusion
	Appendix
	References
Superimposed Components Based Directional Relaying During Power Swing
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Pscad Simulation of 9-Bus Power System
	2 Proposed Scheme for Fde During Psp
	3 Simulation Result and Discussion
	4 Comparative Study
	5 Conclusion
	References
Energy Audit of Hybrid (Grid, Solar Rooftop Photovoltaic System and Diesel Generator) Electric Power Supply System: A Case Study of Commercial Building
	1 Introduction
	2 Description of System Under Audit Study
	3 Energy Audit Study
		3.1 Electricity Bill Analysis
		3.2 Voltage Profile
		3.3 Harmonic Analysis
		3.4 Transformer Loading and Efficiency
		3.5 Diesel Generator Set
		3.6 Solar Rooftop Photovoltaic System
	4 Conclusions
	References
A Comparative Analysis of EVs Scheduling Strategies to Accomplish Valley Filling
	1 Introduction
	2 Problem Formulation
		2.1 Minimum Load Variation Model (MLVM)
		2.2 Maximum Load Factor Model (MLFM)
		2.3 Valley Search Charging Model (VSCM)
		2.4 Minimum Charging Cost Model (MCCM)
	3 Numerical Simulation
	4 Conclusions
	References
Islanding Detection Through Mean of Superimposed Voltage
	1 Introduction
	2 Model Specification
	3 Technique Proposed
		3.1 Algorithm for MSPV
	4 Results and Discussion
	5 Comparative Study
	6 Conclusion
	References
Application of Admittance-Based Relaying Scheme Under Dynamic Shunt Compensation
	1 Introduction
	2 DA-Based Method
		2.1 Relaying Criterion
		2.2 Threshold Selection
	3 Result
		3.1 Investigation Under Various Types of Fault with Different FL and Rf
		3.2 Investigation Under Different Inception Angles
		3.3 Investigation Under Evolving Fault
		3.4 Investigation Under Cross-Country Faults
		3.5 Investigation Under High Fault Resistance
	4 Conclusion
	References
Wind Potential Assessment for Micropower Generation in Tropical Wet Climate of India
	1 Introduction
	2 Statistical Models for Wind Speed
	3 Methodology
	4 Results and Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
Analysis of a Grid-Connected PV System Located in Educational Institution
	1 Introduction
	2 Geographical Location and System Description
	3 Performance Analysis
	4 Environmental Impact
	5 Conclusion
	References
Reduction in Bill Using Time of Usage Pricing in a Smart Grid
	1 Introduction
	2 Component Communication
	3 Load Detection
	4 Price Reduction
		4.1 Case Study for a Smart Household
	5 Conclusion
	References
Congestion Management Based on Real Power Rescheduling Using Moth Flame Optimization
	1 Introduction
	2 Problem Formulation
	3 Moth–Flame Optimization
		3.1 MFO Algorithm
	4 Results and Discussions
	5 Conclusion
	References
Transmission Line Outage Estimation Through Bus Current Comparison Utilizing Current Phasor of PMU
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
		2.1 TLOE Model Without Bad Data
		2.2 TLOE Model with Bad Data
	3 Simulation Results
		3.1 IEEE 5-Bus Test Case
		3.2 IEEE 14-, 57-Bus and DVC 38-Bus Test Case
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
Analysis of the Impacts on Power Flow After Introducing Renewable Energy Source in a Power System with HVDC Line
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
		2.1 Power Flow Analysis
		2.2 Test System Structure
	3 High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) Transmission
	4 Wind Farm
		4.1 Wind Power System Modelling and Energy Calculation
	5 Simulation Result and Analysis
	6 Conclusion
	References
Techno-economic Assessments of Green Hybrid Microgrid
	1 Introduction
	2 Load Profile and Resource Description
	3 Hybrid System Economic Evaluation
	4 Result and Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
Reduced the Fuel Cost by Using Renewable Energy-Based DG in Pool Electricity Market
	1 Introduction
	2 General OPF
	3 Results and Discussion
		3.1 Comparison of Results with DGs (PV-Based DGs and WT-Based DGs) for Constant PQ and ZIP Load
		3.2 Comparison of Results with DGs (PV-Based DGs, WT-Based DGs) with Constant PQ and ZIP Load Without Taking Cost Function of DGs
	4 Conclusion
	References
Congestion Management in Power System—A Review
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Congestion Management Methods
	2 Optimization Methods
	3 Artificial Intelligence Approaches
	4 Conclusion
	References
Voltage Constrained Reactive Power Planning by Ameliorated HHO Technique
	1 Introduction
	2 Mathematical Problem Formulation
		2.1 Minimize True Power Loss
		2.2 Minimize Operating Cost
	3 Harris Hawk Algorithm for Proposed Work
	4 Result and Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
Performance Evaluation of Solar PV Array Under Various Partial Shading Conditions
	1 Introduction
	2 Description About Circuit Configuration Taken for the Experiment
		2.1 Experimental Setup and Its Details
		2.2 Partial Shading Conditions Are Taken for Experiment Purpose
		2.3 Performance Assessment Under Different PSCs
	3 Graphs and Tables
	4 Results and Observations
	References
Environmental Impacts from the System of Solar Energy
	1 Introduction
	2 Solar Energy
		2.1 Comparative Assessment
		2.2 Solar Tree
	3 Solar Energy Systems
		3.1 Solar Collectors
		3.2 Electrical Energy Converters
	4 Environmental Impact Assessment
	5 Environmental Impacts from the System of Solar Energy (Mainly Photovoltaic Solar Cell)
		5.1 Impact on Land and Biodiversity
		5.2 Impact on Human Health and Environment
		5.3 Visible Burdens
		5.4 Influences on Natural Assets
		5.5 Air Pollution Cause Global Warming
		5.6 Noise Interference
	6 Discussion, Conclusions, and Recommendations
	References
Impact of DGs in Competitive Deregulated Environment for Congestion Management
	1 Introduction
	2 Congestion and Its Methods of Management
	3 Distribution Generators Based on LMP Calculation
	4 Optimal Power Flow—Mathematical Model
	5 Study of the Test Bus Model
	6 Result and Discussion
	7 Conclusion
	References
Co-optimal PMU Placement for Complete Monitoring of Distributed Generations Installed System
	1 Introduction
	2 PMU Placement Formulation
	3 Proposed Method
		3.1 Graph Theory Essentials
		3.2 Intellectual Search Technique
		3.3 Redundant Measurement
	4 Result Analysis
		4.1 Proposed Method on Test Case-1
		4.2 Proposed Method on 30 Bus System
	5 Conclusion
	References
A Comprehensive Review of Remote and Passive IDMs of Utility Grid Integrated MG System—Part I
	1 Introduction
	2 Indices/Parameters of Islanding Detection Methods
	3 Islanding Detection Methods (IDMs)
		3.1 Remote Islanding Detection Methods
		3.2 Passive Islanding Detection Methods
	4 Comparison of IDMs
	5 Conclusion
	References
Optimal Share of DG and DSTATCOM in Distribution Network Using Firefly Algorithm
	1 Introduction
	2 DG and DSTATCOM
		2.1 DG
		2.2 DSTATCOM
	3 Solution Strategy for Optimization Problem
		3.1 Objective Function
		3.2 Constraints
	4 Firefly Optimization
		4.1 Implementation Step
	5 Results and Discussion
	6 Conclusions
	References
A Comprehensive Review of Conventional and Computational Islanding Diagnosis of Distributed Generator in Distribution Network
	1 Introduction
	2 Remote Islanding Detection Techniques
	3 Local Islanding Detection Schemes
		3.1 Passive Methodology of Island Detection
		3.2 Active Methodology of Islanding Detection
	4 Hybrid Islanding Detection Schemes
	5 Computational Islanding Detection Schemes
		5.1 Artificial Neural Network (ANN) Based Islanding Diagnosis
		5.2 Fuzzy Logic Control (FLC) Based Islanding Diagnosis Technique
		5.3 Decision Tree (DT) Classifier Based Islanding Diagnosis Technique
	6 Discussion
	7 Conclusions
	References
Economic Power Wheeling Using MW-MILE Method Through Gravitational Search Algorithm
	1 Introduction
	2 Problem Formulation
		2.1 Gravitational Search Algorithm
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusion
	References
Materials and Methods for Performance Enhancement of Perovskite Photovoltaic Solar Cells: A Review
	1 Introduction
	2 Organic–Inorganic Halide Perovskite Solar Cells (OIH-PSCs)
		2.1 Material Used as Perovskite
		2.2 Methods Involved in Fabrication of OIH Perovskite Films
		2.3 Advantages of OIH-PSCs
		2.4 Disadvantages of OIH-PSCs
	3 All Inorganic Halide Perovskite Solar Cells (IH-PSCs)
		3.1 Crystalline Structure of IH-Perovskites
		3.2 Durability of IH Perovskites
		3.3 Architecture of IH-PSCs
		3.4 Methods Involved in Fabrication of IH Perovskite Films
		3.5 Advantages of IH-PSCs
		3.6 Disadvantages of IH-PSCs
	4 Conclusion
	References