Recent Advances in Internet of Things and Machine Learning: Real-World Applications (Intelligent Systems Reference Library, 215)

Preface
About This Book
	Key Features
Contents
About the Editors
Part I Internet of Things
1 Concentration Level of Learner Using Facial Expressions on e-Learning Platform Using IoT-Based Pycharm Device
	1.1 Introduction
	1.2 Literature Review
	1.3 System Framework
	1.4 Proposed System
	1.5 Results and Discussions
		1.5.1 Conclusion
	References
2 IoT-Based Machine Learning System for Nutritional Ingredient Analyzer for Food
	2.1 Introduction
	2.2 Literature Survey
	2.3 Methodology
		2.3.1 Data-Mining
		2.3.2 Statistical Algorithm (SA)
	2.4 Results and Discussions
	2.5 Conclusion
	References
3 A Secured Manhole Management System Using IoT and Machine Learning
	3.1 Introduction
	3.2 Related Work
	3.3 Proposed System
	3.4 Results and Discussion
	3.5 Conclusion
	References
4 Internet of Things Based Smart Accident Recognition and Rescue System Using Deep Forests ML Algorithm
	4.1 Introduction
	4.2 Related Works
	4.3 Proposed System
	4.4 Results and Discussion
	4.5 Conclusion
	References
5 Revolutionizing the Industrial Internet of Things Using Blockchain: An Unified Approach
	5.1 Introduction
	5.2 Blockchain Overview
		5.2.1 Characteristics
		5.2.2 The Block Structure
		5.2.3 Blockchain Classification
		5.2.4 Consensus Algorithm
		5.2.5 Blockchain Architecture
		5.2.6 Transaction Stages in Blockchain
	5.3 Blockchain for Industry
	5.4 Why Does the Industry Need Blockchain
	5.5 Blockchain Apllications in Industry
		5.5.1 Automation of Supply Chain
		5.5.2 Blockchain-Based Security and Privacy
		5.5.3 Tracking and Tracing Product Manufacturing Phases
		5.5.4 Payment Systems
		5.5.5 Cloud and Edge Computing
	5.6 Future Issues and Research Directions
		5.6.1 Security
		5.6.2 Integration
		5.6.3 Resource Constraints
		5.6.4 Scalability
		5.6.5 Regulations
	5.7 Conclusion
	References
6 Attacks and Countermeasures in IoT Based Smart Healthcare Applications
	6.1 Introduction
	6.2 Smart City Fundamentals
		6.2.1 Smart City Layers
		6.2.2 Pillars of Smart City
	6.3 Healthcare in Smart City
		6.3.1 Smart Healthcare Applications
	6.4 Smart Healthcare Privacy and Security
		6.4.1 Denial of Service
		6.4.2 Spyware and Worm Attacks
		6.4.3 Ransomware
		6.4.4 Eavesdropping
		6.4.5 Man In The Middle
		6.4.6 Side Channel Attacks
	6.5 Challenges and Future Research Direction of Smart City Healthcare
		6.5.1 Wearable Technology Challenges
		6.5.2 Smart Healthcare Data Challenges
		6.5.3 Recommendations and Opportunities
	6.6 Conclusion
	References
Part II Machine Learning
7 Online Product Review Monitoring System Using Machine Learning
	7.1 Introduction
	7.2 Literature Review
	7.3 Proposed Work
	7.4 System Architecture
	7.5 Methodology
	7.6 Results and Discussion
	7.7 Conclusion
	References
8 Deep Learning Analysis for COVID 19 Using Neural Network Algorithms
	8.1 Introduction
	8.2 Implementation of COVID-19 Using Deep Learning Algorithms
	8.3 Network Design Prototyping
	8.4 Model Creation
	8.5 Dataset Exploration
	8.6 Pre-processing
	8.7 Results and Discussions
	8.8 Conclusion
	References
9 A Machine Learning Approach to Design and Develop a BEACON Device for Women’s Safety
	9.1 Introduction
	9.2 Study Work
	9.3 Methodology and Constraints
	9.4 Results and Discussions
	9.5 Conclusion
	References
10 Tea Plant Leaf Disease Identification Using Hybrid Filter and Support Vector Machine Classifier Technique
	10.1 Introduction
	10.2 Literature Survey
	10.3 Proposed Method
	10.4 Module Description
		10.4.1 Proposed Method
	10.5 Image Processing Block Diagram
		10.5.1 Image Preprocessing
		10.5.2 Hybrid Filter
		10.5.3 Median Filter
		10.5.4 Gaussian Filter
	10.6 Classification
	10.7 Performance Evaluation
		10.7.1 Accuracy Calculation
	10.8 Result Analysis
	10.9 Conclusion
	References
11 Machine Learning Based Efficient and Secured Car Parking System
	11.1 Introduction
	11.2 Related Works
	11.3 Proposed Work
	11.4 Result and Discussion
	11.5 Conclusion
	References
12 Machine Learning Approaches for Smart City Applications: Emergence, Challenges and Opportunities
	12.1 Introduction
	12.2 Background Knowledge of Machine Learning
		12.2.1 Reinforcement Learning (RL)
		12.2.2 Markov Decision Process (MDP)
		12.2.3 Dynamic Programming (DP)
		12.2.4 Deep Q Network (DQN)
		12.2.5 Monte Carlo (MC)
		12.2.6 Temporal Difference (TD) Methods
		12.2.7 Bayesian Methods
	12.3 Smart City Overview
		12.3.1 Introduction of Smart City
		12.3.2 Privacy Violations in Smart City
		12.3.3 Driving Forces for Smart Cities
	12.4 ML Based Solutions in Smart City
		12.4.1 Intelligent Transportation System (ITS)
		12.4.2 Smart Grids (SGs)
		12.4.3 Health Care
		12.4.4 Cyber Security
		12.4.5 Supply Chain Management (SCM)
	12.5 Conclusion and Future Research Directions
	References
13 Machine Learning and Deep Learning Models for Privacy Management and Data Analysis in Smart Cites
	13.1 Introduction
	13.2 Smart City Basics
		13.2.1 Pillars of a Smart City
		13.2.2 Components
		13.2.3 Characteristic
	13.3 Machine Learning Overview
		13.3.1 Supervised Learning
		13.3.2 Unsupervised Learning
		13.3.3 Reinforcement Learning
	13.4 ML for Smart Cities
		13.4.1 Intelligent Transportation System
		13.4.2 Cybersecurity
		13.4.3 Smart Grids
		13.4.4 Healthcare Systems
	13.5 Privacy-Enhancing Technologies
		13.5.1 Substitution
		13.5.2 Shuffling
		13.5.3 Variance
		13.5.4 Encryption
		13.5.5 Blockchain
		13.5.6 K-Anonymity
		13.5.7 Onion Routing
		13.5.8 Zero-Knowledge Proof
	13.6 Future Research Trends
		13.6.1 Connecting Technologies
		13.6.2 Management of Water and Waste
		13.6.3 Construction and Building Technologies
		13.6.4 Use of Renewable Resources
	13.7 Conclusion
	References
Part III Applications
14 FPGA Based Implementation of Brent Kung Parallel Prefix Adder
	14.1 Introduction
	14.2 Study Work
	14.3 Results and Discussions
	14.4 Conclusion
	References
15 Vehicle Entry Management System Using Image Processing
	15.1 Introduction
	15.2 Related Work
	15.3 Proposed Method
	15.4 Implementation
		15.4.1 Image Capture from Camera
		15.4.2 RGB to Grey Conversion
		15.4.3 Blurring
		15.4.4 Edge Detection
		15.4.5 Finding and Drawing Contours
		15.4.6 License Plate Detection and Text Extraction
		15.4.7 Comparing Vehicle Number with Database
		15.4.8 Website Development
		15.4.9 Hardware Setup
	15.5 Results
	15.6 Conclusion
	15.7 Future Works
	References
16 A Non-negative Matrix Factorization for IVUS Image Classification Using Various Kernels of SVM
	16.1 Introduction
	16.2 Methods and Materials
		16.2.1 NNMF Feature Extraction
		16.2.2 SVM Kernels Classification
	16.3 Results and Discussions
	16.4 Conclusion
	References
17 Novel Approach to Monitor the Respiratory Rate for Asthma Patients
	17.1 Introduction
	17.2 Flow Chart
	17.3 Proposed System
	17.4 Results and Discussions
	17.5 Conclusion
	References
18 Representation of Boolean Function as a Planar Graph to Reduce the Cost of a Circuit
	18.1 Introduction
	18.2 Material and Methods
		18.2.1 A. Boolean Function
		18.2.2 Planar Graph
		18.2.3 C. Java Scripts
	18.3 A Three Variable Boolean Function
	18.4 A Four Variable Boolean Function
	18.5 Application
	18.6 Conclusion
	References
19 A Man Power Model Forthree Grade System with Univariate Policy of Recruitment Using Geometric Process for Inter Decision Times
	19.1 Introduction
	19.2 Conclusion
	References
20 Denial of Service Attack in Wireless Sensor Networks
	20.1 Introduction
	20.2 Related Works
	20.3 Proposed Method
		20.3.1 Malware Data Visualization
		20.3.2 Random Forest Algorithm
	20.4 Integration of Web App
	20.5 Results and Discussion
	20.6 Conclusion
	References
21 Android Application for Business Expense Management
	21.1 Introduction
	21.2 Background Study
	21.3 Related Work
	21.4 Proposed Work
	21.5 Modules
		21.5.1 Users, Roles and Departments
		21.5.2 Recording of Expenditure
		21.5.3 Creation of Reports
		21.5.4 Creation of Trips
		21.5.5 Advance Payments
		21.5.6 Types of Approval
		21.5.7 Types of Currencies
		21.5.8 Policy Configuration
		21.5.9 Automation Using Templates
		21.5.10 Customised Fields
		21.5.11 Providing Statistical Data of a Company
		21.5.12 Customised Status Tracking
		21.5.13 Budget Maintenance
		21.5.14 Procurement
	21.6 Technical Implementation
	21.7 Future Scope
		21.7.1 Forecasting
		21.7.2 Receipt Scanning
	21.8 Conclusion
	References
22 Student Perception Regarding Chatbot for Counselling in Higher Education
	22.1 Introduction
		22.1.1 Background About Chatbot
		22.1.2 Application of Chatbot in Business
		22.1.3 Scope of the Study
	22.2 Literature Review
	22.3 Methodology
		22.3.1 Participants and Procedure
		22.3.2 Measures
		22.3.3 Objectives of the Study
		22.3.4 Hypothesis of the Study
	22.4 Result and Discussion
	22.5 Conclusion
	22.6 Limitations
	References
23 Empirical Performance Evaluation of Machine Learning based DDoS Attack Detections
	23.1 Introduction
	23.2 Related Works
	23.3 The proposed framework architecture
	23.4 Evaluation Results
		23.4.1 Dataset
		23.4.2 Models
		23.4.3 Results
	23.5 Conclusion
	References
24 Towards Remote Deployment for Intrusion Detection System to IoT Edge Devices
	24.1 Introduction
	24.2 Related Works
	24.3 The Deployment Framework
		24.3.1 Overview
		24.3.2 Deployment Process
		24.3.3 Feature Extractor
	24.4 Evaluation
		24.4.1 Running Environment
		24.4.2 Results
	24.5 Conclusion
	References
25 A Real-Time Evaluation Framework For Machine Learning-Based IDS
	25.1 Introduction
	25.2 Available Datasets and Its Limitations
	25.3 The Framework
		25.3.1 Overview
		25.3.2 Network Traffic Generator
		25.3.3 Feature Extractor
		25.3.4 IDS Model Evaluating
	25.4 Evaluation
		25.4.1 Running Environment
		25.4.2 Index of Performance
		25.4.3 Results
	25.5 Conclusion
	References