Radar Imaging of the Ocean Waves

Introduction......Page 1
Preliminary notes on radar imaging......Page 4
Sea Wave Spectra: General Relationships......Page 12
Gravity Wave Spectra......Page 17
Gravity-Capillary Wave Spectra......Page 21
Realistic Ocean Surface and its Features......Page 25
Sea Water Dielectric Constant and Electromagnetic Penetration Depth......Page 28
HF scattering and HF radars......Page 32
Microwave scattering: two-scale model of the sea surface......Page 39
Backscatter at Small Incidence Angles......Page 48
Radar cross section at small incidence angles......Page 49
Doppler spectrum at small incidence angles......Page 56
Backscattering at Low Grazing Angles......Page 65
Microwave Doppler spectrum at moderate incidence angles......Page 72
Correlation Function of Backscattered Signal Intensity......Page 84
Spatial Spectrum of Signal Intensity Slow Fluctuations......Page 88
Fast Signal Fluctuations Speckle Noise......Page 93
Inhomogeneous Roughness Imaging......Page 98
Preliminary Estimates......Page 102
Sar Image Correlation Function: General Relationships......Page 104
Intensity of the Sar Signal Forming the "Image Itself"......Page 107
Spectrum of the Sar Image of the Ocean......Page 110
Sub-resolution velocities impact......Page 115
Velocity bunching mechanism: linear and quasi-linear approximations......Page 119
Non-linear velocity bunching mechanism......Page 125
SAR imaging of the mixed sea......Page 137
Speckle Noise in the Sar Image of the Ocean......Page 140
Modified Spectral Estimate for the Sar Image of the Ocean......Page 144
SAR imaging of near-shore areas......Page 150
Peculiarities of SAR imaging of ships and slicks......Page 151
SAR as a tool for measurements of the near-surface wind speed......Page 156
Sar Interferometry And Remote Sensing Of The Ocean Surface......Page 161
Polarimetric Radars and the Problem of Remote Sensing of the Ocean Surface......Page 171
Appendix A......Page 179
Appendix B......Page 181
Appendix C......Page 183
References......Page 184