Racism in America: A Reference Handbook

Cover
Half Title
Title
Copyright
Contents
Preface
1 BACKGROUND AND HISTORY
	Introduction
	The Origins of American Racism
		Clearing the Land
		Securing Labor
		Discouraging Organized Rebellion
	Institutional Venues of Racism
		Justifying the Racial Hierarchy
			Science and Pseudoscience: Alleged Physical and Mental Differences
			Religion: Alleged Moral Differences
		Perpetuating the Racial Hierarchy
			Immigration
			Racial Categorization
			Participation in Governance
			Education
			Labor after Slavery
			Transportation
			Housing
			Criminal Justice
			Health and Health Care
			The Arts
			Sports
			Consumer Goods and the Reification of Whiteness
	Conclusion
	References
2 PROBLEMS, CONTROVERSIES, AND SOLUTIONS
	Acknowledging the Past and Recognizing the Presence of Racism in America
		Downplaying Racism
		How We Handle Our History
	Land, Labor, and the Maintenance of the Status Quo Revisited
		Clearing the Land Again: The Racialization of Eminent Domain
		Securing Labor Again
		Discouraging Organized Rebellion Again
	Institutional Venues of Racism Revisited
		Science and Pseudoscience
		Religion
		Racial Categorization
		Immigration
		Participation in Governance
		Education
		The Labor Market
		Transportation
		Housing
		Criminal Justice
		Health and Health Care
		The Arts
		Sports
		Consumer Goods and the Continued Reification of Whiteness
	Working toward Solutions
		Intergroup Contact
		Educational Interventions
		Governmental Interventions
		Direct Disruption
	References
3 PERSPECTIVES
	The Perils of Racial Progress Narratives
	Racism and the Media Landscape in the United States
	Law Enforcement and Immigration Enforcement in the Rio Grande Valley
	Reclaiming the City: Racial Gentrification as Urban Policy
	The Normalcy of Legitimized Racism against Indigenous Peoples
	Beyond DACA: Why the Immigration Battle Must Be Fought for the 11 Million
	White Dog, Yellow Mother
	The Cost of Silence
4 PROFILES
	American Civil Liberties Union
	Black Lives Matter
	Black Panther Party for Self-Defense
	Ku Klux Klan
	Nation of Islam
	National Association for the Advancement of Colored People
	The Sentencing Project
	Southern Christian Leadership Conference
	Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee
	United Farm Workers' Movement
	References
5 DATA AND DOCUMENTS
	Introduction
	Data
		Table 5.1. Changes in EEOC Complaints for Race and Color (1997 and 2017)
		Table 5.2. Median Income by Race (2017)
		Table 5.3. Wealth, Assets, and Debt by Race (2014)
		Table 5.4. Age-Adjusted Death Rates by Race/Ethnicity per 100,000 Population (2016)
		Table 5.5. Arrests by Race (2017)
		Table 5.6. Percentage Distribution of Arrests by Race Compared with Population Distribution (2017)
	Documents
		Jonathan Edwards, "The Injustice and Impolity of the Slave Trade, and of Slavery" (September 15, 1791)
		Cherokee Nation v. Georgia (1831)
		A Protest against Prejudice (May 5, 1852)
		Frederick Douglass, "The Claims of the Negro" (July 12, 1854)
		Thirteenth Amendment to the Constitution (January 31, 1865)
		Kelly Miller, "Eugenics of the Negro Race" (1917)
		Virginia's "Act to Preserve Racial Integrity" (1924)
		The Ringle Report (January 1942)
		Lyndon B. Johnson, "Special Message to the Congress Proposing Further Legislation to Strengthen Civil Rights" (April 28, 1966)
		Loving v. Virginia (June 12, 1967)
6 RESOURCES
	The Arts
	Consumer Goods and the Reification of Whiteness
	Criminal Justice
	Cyber Racism
	Education
	Employment, Health, Welfare, and Socioeconomic Status
	Housing and Transportation
	Immigration
	Intersectionality
	Military
	Political Participation
	Racial Attitudes
	Racial Construction and Categorization
	Racial Progress
	Religion
	Reparations
	Science and Pseudoscience
	Social Psychology
	Sports
	Theory
	White Supremacy
7 CHRONOLOGY
Glossary
Index