Queer America: A GLBT History of the 20th Century

COVER......Page 1
COPYRIGHT......Page 5
CONTENTS......Page 8
Themes......Page 12
Eras and Chapter Overview......Page 13
Resources and Index......Page 14
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS......Page 16
ABBREVIATIONS......Page 18
TIMELINE: 1890–2005......Page 20
1. WHAT IS GLBT HISTORY?......Page 34
A NOTE ON TERMS......Page 35
U.S. History and GLBT History......Page 36
Who to Include and Why?......Page 39
DEBATE: IS HOMOSEXUALITY HISTORICAL?......Page 41
NOTES......Page 43
SUGGESTED RESOURCES......Page 44
2. INTO THE 20TH CENTURY......Page 46
COLONIAL LEGACIES......Page 47
Europe before Contact......Page 48
Collision and Dominance......Page 49
Political......Page 52
Economic......Page 55
ORGANIZING PERSONAL LIVES IN THE 19TH CENTURY......Page 57
Friendship......Page 58
Women Passing as Men......Page 61
Limits and Laws......Page 63
CONSTRUCTING THE MEDICAL MODEL......Page 64
The United States and Europe in the 1890s......Page 65
The Sexologists......Page 66
SEXUAL POLITICS AT THE TURN OF THE CENTURY......Page 69
DEBATE: WHAT ARE THE ROOTS OF HOMOPHOBIA?......Page 71
NOTES......Page 72
19th Century: Same-Sex Relations/Passing Women......Page 73
Sexuality: History and Construction......Page 74
3. SEXUALITIES AND COMMUNITIES THROUGH TWO WORLD WARS......Page 76
LIFE IN THE CITIES TO THE TWENTIES......Page 78
Capitalism, Gender, and Sexuality......Page 80
Reform and Reformers......Page 81
New Women......Page 83
Congregating Together......Page 84
World War and Its Aftermath......Page 86
THE JAZZ AGE......Page 87
Blues and Jazz......Page 88
New York, New York......Page 90
Americans and Europeans......Page 92
The United States and the World......Page 94
Gender, Work, and Play......Page 95
Stage and Screen......Page 96
WORLD WAR II......Page 100
Fighting the War, Fighting the Military......Page 101
A New Era......Page 102
DEBATE: SHOULD HOMOSEXUALS SERVE IN THE MILITARY?......Page 103
NOTES......Page 105
The 1920s–1940s......Page 107
4. QUEERS IN COLD WAR AMERICA......Page 110
Striving for Consensus......Page 111
Sexology Revisited......Page 112
Simmering Discontent......Page 115
Boiling Over......Page 116
The United States in the World......Page 117
Red Scares......Page 119
A Lavender Scare......Page 120
Queer Arts, American Arts......Page 123
Communities and Identities......Page 126
Postwar Organizations......Page 129
A National Movement......Page 132
DEBATE: WHAT DID THE KINSEY STUDIES PROVE?......Page 133
NOTES......Page 135
General......Page 136
Community and Subculture Formation......Page 137
Homosexual/Homophile Organizing......Page 138
5. THE SIXTIES......Page 140
Marching on Washington......Page 141
Feminism Reborn......Page 144
CULTURE AND COUNTERCULTURE......Page 145
Cold and Hot Wars......Page 146
Liberalism under Attack......Page 147
Peace and Violence......Page 149
A Public Presence......Page 150
Stonewall......Page 155
DEBATE: HOW IMPORTANT WAS THE STONEWALL RIOT?......Page 157
NOTES......Page 160
SUGGESTED RESOURCES......Page 161
Stonewall......Page 162
6. CULTURES AND POLITICS AFTER STONEWALL......Page 164
Towns and Neighborhoods......Page 165
Institutions......Page 166
Images, Types, and Stereotypes......Page 171
In Print......Page 173
Success and Limits of the Second Wave......Page 175
Lesbian Feminism as Theory and Practice......Page 178
Music and Festivals......Page 179
In the Academy......Page 181
The Task Force and Lambda Legal......Page 182
The APA Victory......Page 183
Outsiders among Outsiders......Page 184
POLITICAL ARENAS......Page 185
Running for Offic......Page 186
A National Bill......Page 188
ONE STEP FORWARD.........Page 189
DEBATE: ASSIMILATION OR LIBERATION?......Page 191
NOTES......Page 193
Cities/States......Page 194
Primary Sources, 1970s......Page 195
7. BACKLASH AND REGROUPING......Page 198
FROM CARTER TO REAGAN......Page 200
A New Right......Page 201
Antigay Legislation and Violence......Page 202
National Lobbying, Lesbian and Gay Rights......Page 204
The First March on Washington......Page 205
Human Rights Campaign Fund......Page 206
From ‘‘Gay Cancer’’ to HIV......Page 207
Responses......Page 208
Unity and Division......Page 211
Running for Offce......Page 215
Families, Relationships, and Work......Page 217
Sodomy Law and Bowers v.Hardwick......Page 219
The Second March and National Coming Out Day......Page 220
As Seen on TV (and Other Media)......Page 222
‘‘Culture Wars’’......Page 224
DEBATE: SHOULD PUBLIC FIGURES BE ‘‘OUTED’’?......Page 225
NOTES......Page 227
AIDS......Page 228
Media......Page 229
8. THE GLBT NINETIES......Page 230
The ’92 Elections......Page 231
Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell......Page 232
Another March......Page 236
DEBATES AND DIVISION......Page 237
The Mainstream and Its Critics......Page 238
Sex, Gender, Identity......Page 239
LAW AND POLITICS......Page 244
(Still) Running for Office......Page 245
In the States......Page 246
The National Scene......Page 248
A Gay Ambassador......Page 250
CULTURAL ISSUES AND INSTITUTIONS......Page 251
Education......Page 252
Health......Page 253
Religion......Page 254
Speaking Out......Page 255
Ellen Comes Out......Page 256
TV and Film......Page 257
Words and Music......Page 258
A SHORTLIST OF WEB SITES OF GLBT INTEREST......Page 259
DEBATE: IS THERE A ‘‘GAY GENE’’?......Page 260
NOTES......Page 262
General/Politics......Page 263
Military......Page 264
Sports......Page 265
9. INTO THE 21ST CENTURY......Page 266
The Millennium March......Page 267
In the Media......Page 269
GLBT Plus Q Plus.........Page 270
LAW AND POLITICS......Page 271
Lawrence v.Texas and GLBT History......Page 272
Defining Marriage......Page 273
DEBATE: HOW USEFUL IS QUEER THEORY?......Page 276
NOTES......Page 277
SUGGESTED RESOURCES......Page 278
ANTHOLOGY, PRIMARY, REFERENCE......Page 280
ARTICLES, BOOKS, PAPERS......Page 281
FILM/VIDEO/DVD......Page 291
DOCUMENTARIES......Page 293
INDEX......Page 296
ABOUT THE AUTHOR......Page 308