Quantitative Research on Street Interface Morphology: Comparison Between Chinese and Western Cities

Preface
Acknowledgments
Contents
About the Author
1 Introduction
	1.1 Research Background
		1.1.1 China’s Rapid Urbanization and Subsequent Urban Problems
		1.1.2 Inadequate Efforts in Promoting Laws and Regulations in Urban Planning
	1.2 Research Questions
	1.3 Book Summary
Part I Street Interface Through Different Times and in Different Regions
2 Urban Street Interface Morphology Through Different Times in China
	2.1 Historical Review
		2.1.1 Tang-Song Period
		2.1.2 Yuan–Ming–Qing Period
		2.1.3 From Late Qing to the Republican Period
		2.1.4 After the Founding of the People’s Republic of China
	2.2 Evolution Characteristics
3 Urban Street Interface Morphology Through Different Times in Europe
	3.1 Historical Review
		3.1.1 Classical Period
		3.1.2 Feudal Period
		3.1.3 From the Industrial Revolution to World War II
		3.1.4 After the World War II
	3.2 Evolution Characteristics
4 Comparison of Street Interface Morphology Between China and the West
	4.1 Comparison of Street Interface Morphology Among Sample Cities in China and the West
	4.2 Comparison of Planning Regulations on Street Interface Morphology Between China and the West
		4.2.1 Relevant Planning Regulations in France
		4.2.2 Relevant Planning Regulations in the United States
		4.2.3 Relevant Planning Regulations in China
	4.3 Comparison of Architectural Cultural Traditions Related to Street Interface Morphology Between China and the West
		4.3.1 Relevant Architectural Cultural Traditions in the West
		4.3.2 Relevant Architectural Cultural Traditions in China
	4.4 Reflection of the Architectural Cultural Traditions on the Street Interface in Modern Cities
		4.4.1 Reflection of the Architectural Cultural Traditions in the West
		4.4.2 Reflection of the Architectural Cultural Traditions in China
	4.5 Conclusion
Part II Quantitative Method for Street Interface Morphology
5 Review on the Qualitative Research of Street Morphology
	5.1 Study of Street Morphology from Aesthetic Perspective
		5.1.1 Camillo Sitte and the Art of Building Cities
		5.1.2 Yoshinobu Ashihara and the Aesthetic Townscape
	5.2 Study of Street Morphology from Spatial Cognition Perspective
		5.2.1 Kevin Lynch and the Image of the City
		5.2.2 Allan Jacobs and the Great Streets
	5.3 Study of Street Morphology from Urban Transportation Perspective
		5.3.1 Neighborhood Unit
		5.3.2 Transportation Network Planning
		5.3.3 Street Section
		5.3.4 Traffic Calming
6 Review on the Quantitative Research of Street Morphology
	6.1 Review on the Quantitative Research of Street Network Morphology
		6.1.1 Space Syntax
		6.1.2 Route Structure Analysis
		6.1.3 Network Density
	6.2 Review on the Quantitative Research of Street Interface Morphology
		6.2.1 D/H
		6.2.2 W/D
		6.2.3 Interface Density
		6.2.4 Build-to-Line Ratio
		6.2.5 Alignment of Buildings
		6.2.6 Sky Exposure Plane
		6.2.7 Transparency
		6.2.8 Openness
		6.2.9 Store Density
		6.2.10 Fractal Dimension
	6.3 Review of Existing Quantitative Methods
7 Establishment of the Quantitative Method for Street Interface Morphology
	7.1 The Street Interface Research Framework of “Physical Form–Psychological Cognition”
		7.1.1 Characteristics of Street Interface in Physical Form
		7.1.2 Psychological Cognitive Experiment on Characteristics of Street Interface in Physical Form
		7.1.3 Summary
	7.2 Derivation of the “Physical Quantity-Psychological Quantity” Algorithm for Quantitative Parameters
		7.2.1 Derivation of the Algorithm for the Parameter of Interface Density
		7.2.2 Derivation of the Algorithm for the Parameter of Near-Line Ratio
		7.2.3 Summary
	7.3 Example Application of the Quantitative Method
		7.3.1 Calculation of Experiment Samples
		7.3.2 Calculation of Real Streets
		7.3.3 Summary
	7.4 Conclusion
Part III Empirical Application of Quantitative Method
8 Interface Density
	8.1 Analysis of the Influencing Factors of “Interface Density”
		8.1.1 Analysis of the Correlation Between Street Interface Density and Block Building Density
		8.1.2 Analysis of the Correlation Between Street Interface Density and Block Scale
		8.1.3 Analysis of the Correlation Between Block Building Density and Block Scale
		8.1.4 Conclusion
	8.2 Case Study of Streets in China and the West on Street Interface Density
		8.2.1 Case Study of Streets in the West on Street Interface Density
		8.2.2 Case Study of Streets in China on Street Interface Density
		8.2.3 Conclusion
9 Build-to-Line Ratio and Near-Line Ratio
	9.1 Differentiation of the Definitions of the Parameters
	9.2 Parameter Analysis of the Street Samples in China and the West
	9.3 Conclusion
10 Application of the Quantitative Method
	10.1 Feasibility of Applying the Quantitative Method to the Protection of Street Interface in Historic Conservation Areas
		10.1.1 Particularity of the Parameter Quantitative Method
		10.1.2 Particularity of the Historic Conservation Area
		10.1.3 Summary
	10.2 Protection Mechanism for Historic Conservation Areas in China and Its Deficiencies
		10.2.1 Legal System of the Protection of Historic Conservation Areas in China
		10.2.2 Practice of the Protection and Renewal of Historic Areas in China
		10.2.3 Summary
	10.3 Application of the Quantitative Method in the Protection Plan of Historic Conservation Areas
		10.3.1 Research Strategy
		10.3.2 Parameter Description
		10.3.3 Characteristic Summary
		10.3.4 Plan Formulation
		10.3.5 Summary
	10.4 Conclusion
11 Conclusion
	11.1 Main Conclusions
		11.1.1 Street Interface Morphology Through Different Times and in Different Regions
		11.1.2 Quantitative Method for Street Interface Morphology
		11.1.3 Empirical Application of the Quantitative Method
	11.2 Limitations
		11.2.1 Limitation of the Quantitative Method in Its Research Goal
		11.2.2 Limitation of the Quantitative Method in Its Construction Process
	11.3 Summary
Appendix