Quantitative Fish Dynamics (Biological Resource Management Series

Contents......Page 12
1.1.1. The Geometric and Exponential Growth Laws......Page 20
1.1.2. The Logistic Model......Page 23
1.1.3. Time-Varying Parameters......Page 25
1.1.4. Multispecies Extensions......Page 28
1.2 Theory of Mortality......Page 29
1.2.1. Deterministic Theory of Fishing......Page 30
1.2.2. Stochastic Theory of Fishing......Page 32
1.3. Catch-per-unit-effort and the Fishing Process......Page 34
1.3.1. Regional Considerations......Page 36
1.3.2. Standardization and Gear Selectivity......Page 37
1.3.3. Sampling for Catch and Effort......Page 44
1.3.4. More Complex Models......Page 47
1.3.5. Schooling and Search......Page 55
1.3.6. Effects of Catchability Differing Between Individuals......Page 59
1.3.7. Stochastic Fishing Models......Page 61
2.1. Theory of Stock Productivity......Page 69
2.1.1. Graham-Schaefer Model......Page 71
2.1.2. Pella-Tomlinson Model......Page 75
2.1.3. Gompertz-Fox Model......Page 80
2.1.4. Fletcher Quadratic Model......Page 81
2.1.5. Threshold Models......Page 83
2.2. Parameter Estimation......Page 85
2.2.1. Annual Surplus Production......Page 86
2.2.2. Surplus Production–Biomass Relationship......Page 87
2.2.3. Recruitment Adjustment......Page 90
2.2.4. Surplus Production–Fishing Effort Relationship......Page 91
2.2.5. Equilibrium Approximation......Page 92
2.2.6. Schnute\'s Nonequilibrium Method......Page 93
2.2.7. Difference Equations for Surplus Production......Page 94
2.2.8. Prager\'s Nonequilibrium Method......Page 96
2.2.9. Example......Page 97
2.3. Relation of Surplus Production to Recruitment, Growth, and Natural Mortality......Page 101
3.1. Spawner-Recruit Models......Page 105
3.1.1. Beverton-Holt......Page 106
3.1.2. Ricker......Page 108
3.1.4. Deriso-Schnute......Page 112
3.1.5. Shepherd......Page 115
3.1.6. Gamma......Page 116
3.1.7. Miscellany......Page 117
3.2.1. Linear Regression Approach......Page 119
3.2.2. Nonlinear Regression Approach......Page 122
3.2.3. Measurement Error Approach......Page 127
3.3. Dynamics for Semelparous Populations......Page 136
3.4. Bayesian Considerations......Page 143
4. Growth and Fecundity......Page 147
4.1. Weight–Length Models......Page 148
4.2.1. Length–Age......Page 151
4.2.3. Combining Weight–Length and Length–Age Models......Page 158
4.3.2. Ad hoc Models......Page 162
4.3.3. Gompertz Growth Model......Page 164
4.3.4. Verhulst and Richards Growth Models......Page 166
4.3.5. Schnute Growth Model......Page 167
4.3.6. Schnute-Richards Growth Model......Page 173
4.4.1. Elapsed Time Models......Page 174
4.4.2. Models with Aging Data......Page 181
4.5.1. Choosing the Best Model......Page 183
4.5.2. Comparing Different Data Sets......Page 184
4.6. Scale and Otolith Measurements......Page 199
4.7. Variation in Growth......Page 201
4.7.1. Seasonal Growth......Page 202
4.7.2. Individual Variation in Growth......Page 203
4.7.3. Stochastic Growth......Page 210
4.7.4. Comparison......Page 216
4.8.1. Maturity......Page 219
4.8.2. Fecundity......Page 221
4.8.3. Population Statistics and the Egg Production Method......Page 223
5.1. Allen-Clark Abundance Models......Page 227
5.2.1. Deriso\'s Model......Page 231
5.2.2. Schnute\'s Extension......Page 234
5.2.3. Moments of the Weight Distribution of Adults......Page 235
5.3.2. Horbowy\'s Approach......Page 237
5.3.4. Mortality Models......Page 239
5.3.5. Stock Reduction Analysis......Page 242
5.4.1. Measurement Error Model......Page 243
5.4.2. Process Error Model......Page 245
5.4.3. Combined Measurement and Process Error Model......Page 250
5.4.4. Kalman Filters......Page 254
6. Age-structured Models: Per-Recruit and Year-Class Models......Page 258
6.1. Beverton-Holt Models......Page 260
6.1.1. LVB Isometric Weight–Age Model......Page 263
6.1.3. Brody-LVB Weight–Age Model......Page 267
6.2. Stochastic Model with Recruitment by Size Group......Page 268
6.3. Generic Per-Recruit Models......Page 274
6.4. Spawning Stock and Egg Production per Recruit......Page 277
6.4.1. Beverton-Holt Approach......Page 278
6.4.2. Generic Approach......Page 279
6.4.3. Effects of Harvesting......Page 280
6.5.1. Discard Mortality......Page 282
6.5.2. Trophy Fish and Slot Limits......Page 283
6.5.3. Per-Recruit Models by Sex......Page 284
6.5.4. Per-Recruit Models by Multispecies and Multiple Fisheries......Page 285
7.1. Leslie Matrix Discrete Model......Page 287
7.2. Time-varying Linear Matrix Models......Page 297
7.3. Stochastic Linear Matrix Models......Page 298
7.4. Nonlinear Discrete Leslie-type Models......Page 303
7.5. Forecasting......Page 309
7.6. Continuous Linear Models......Page 311
8.1.1. Length Frequency Analysis......Page 314
8.1.2. Simple Random Sampling......Page 320
8.1.3. Estimating the Catch......Page 321
8.1.4. Two-Stage Random Sampling......Page 322
8.1.5. Sample Size Considerations......Page 325
8.1.6. Separate Length and Age Samples and Other Approaches......Page 330
8.2.1. General Catch-Age Relationship......Page 336
8.2.2. Catch Curve Analysis......Page 338
8.2.3. Virtual Population Analysis and Cohort Analysis......Page 342
8.2.4. Relative Abundance Analysis......Page 349
8.2.5. Catch-Age Analysis with Auxiliary Information......Page 352
8.2.6. Stratified Catch-Age Analysis......Page 368
8.2.7. Miscellaneous Alternative Approaches......Page 369
8.3. Estimation of Natural Mortality......Page 374
8.3.2. LFA and Related Analyses......Page 376
8.3.3. Mark-recapture Experiments......Page 377
8.3.6. Life-History or Meta-analysis......Page 379
9. Size-structured Models and Assessment Methods......Page 382
9.1.1. Beverton-Holt Approach......Page 383
9.1.2. Basic Size-based Models......Page 387
9.2. Stage-structured Matrix Models......Page 388
9.3. Stochastic Models......Page 391
9.4.1. Length Cohort Analysis......Page 399
9.4.2. Catch-Length Analysis and Length-Based Stock Synthesis Analysis......Page 401
10. Migration, Movement, and Other Spatiotemporal Considerations......Page 417
10.1.1. Deterministic Model, Non–Age-structured Populations......Page 418
10.1.2. Stochastic Model, Non–Age-structured Populations......Page 423
10.1.3. Age-structured Populations......Page 426
10.2.1. Darroch\'s Method and Extensions......Page 431
10.2.2. Hilborn\'s Method and Extensions......Page 433
10.2.3. Miscellaneous Methods......Page 438
10.3.1. Migratory Cohort Analysis......Page 440
10.3.2. Migratory Catch-Age Analysis......Page 442
10.4. Run Reconstruction......Page 447
10.5. Geographic Apportionment......Page 451
10.6. Migratory Per-Recruit Analyses......Page 453
11. Optimal Harvesting......Page 456
11.1. Harvest Policies and Equilibrium Concepts......Page 457
11.2. Goals, Objectives, and Constraints......Page 461
11.2.2. Bioeconomic Objectives......Page 465
11.3. Optimization Methods......Page 466
11.3.1. Biological Models......Page 467
11.3.2. Fixed-Parameter Harvest Control......Page 468
11.3.3. Time-varying Harvest Control......Page 473
11.4.1. Yield-Effort Parameters F[sub(m)] and F[sub(ey)]......Page 478
11.4.2. Natural Mortality Parameter M......Page 479
11.4.3. Yield-per-Recruit Parameter F[sub(max)]......Page 481
11.4.4. Relationships among F[sub(m)], F[sub(max)], and F[sub(p)]......Page 483
11.4.5. Yield-per-Recruit Parameter F[sub(0.1)]......Page 487
11.4.6. Spawning Population per Recruit Parameters F[sub(x%)]......Page 491
11.4.7. Spawning Population Parameters F[sub(rep,)] F[sub(med,)] F[sub(low,)] F[sub(high)]......Page 493
11.4.8. Age-structured Population Parameter F[sub(st)]......Page 498
11.4.9. Threshold Reference Points......Page 499
11.5. Risk, Uncertainty, and Decision Analysis......Page 501
References......Page 505
A......Page 536
B......Page 537
C......Page 538
D......Page 541
E......Page 543
F......Page 545
G......Page 546
H......Page 547
L......Page 548
M......Page 550
N......Page 552
P......Page 553
R......Page 555
S......Page 556
T......Page 560
Y......Page 561