Python All-In-One For Dummies

Title Page
Copyright Page
Table of Contents
Introduction
	About This Book
	Foolish Assumptions
	What to Buy
	Icons Used in This Book
	Beyond the Book
	Where to Go from Here
Book 1 Getting Started
	Chapter 1 Starting with Python
		Why Python Is Hot
		Choosing the Right Python
		Tools for Success
			Introducing Anaconda and VS Code
			Installing Anaconda and VS Code
		Writing Python in VS Code
			Choosing your Python interpreter
			Writing some Python code
			Getting back to VS Code Python
		Using Jupyter Notebook for Coding
	Chapter 2 Interactive Mode, Getting Help, and Writing Apps
		Using Python’s Interactive Mode
			Opening Terminal
			Getting your Python version
			Going into the Python Interpreter
			Entering commands
			Using Python’s built-in help
			Exiting interactive help
			Searching for specific help topics online
			Lots of free cheat sheets
		Creating a Python Development Workspace
		Creating a Folder for Your Python Code
		Typing, Editing, and Debugging Python Code
			Writing Python code
			Saving your code
			Running Python in VS Code
			Learning simple debugging
			Using the VS Code Python debugger
		Writing Code in a Jupyter Notebook
			Creating a folder for Jupyter Notebook
			Creating and saving a Jupyter notebook
			Typing and running code in a notebook
			Adding Markdown text
			Saving and opening notebooks
	Chapter 3 Python Elements and Syntax
		The Zen of Python
		Introducing Object-Oriented Programming
		Discovering Why Indentations Count, Big Time
		Using Python Modules
			Understanding the syntax for importing modules
			Using an alias with modules
	Chapter 4 Building Your First Python Application
		Opening the Python App File
		Typing and Using Python Comments
		Understanding Python Data Types
			Numbers
			Words (strings)
			Booleans
		Working with Python Operators
			Arithmetic operators
			Comparison operators
			Boolean operators
		Creating and Using Variables
			Creating valid variable names
			Creating variables in code
			Manipulating variables
			Saving your work
			Running your Python app in VS Code
		Understanding What Syntax Is and Why It Matters
		Putting Code Together
Book 2 Understanding Python Building Blocks
	Chapter 1 Working with Numbers, Text, and Dates
		Calculating Numbers with Functions
		Still More Math Functions
		Formatting Numbers
			Formatting with f-strings
			Showing dollar amounts
			Formatting percent numbers
			Making multiline format strings
			Formatting width and alignment
		Grappling with Weirder Numbers
			Binary, octal, and hexadecimal numbers
			Complex numbers
		Manipulating Strings
			Concatenating strings
			Getting the length of a string
			Working with common string operators
			Manipulating strings with methods
		Uncovering Dates and Times
			Working with dates
			Working with times
			Calculating timespans
		Accounting for Time Zones
		Working with Time Zones
	Chapter 2 Controlling the Action
		Main Operators for Controlling the Action
		Making Decisions with if
			Adding else to your if logic
			Handling multiple else statements with elif
			Ternary operations
		Repeating a Process with for
			Looping through numbers in a range
			Looping through a string
			Looping through a list
			Bailing out of a loop
			Looping with continue
			Nesting loops
		Looping with while
			Starting while loops over with continue
			Breaking while loops with break
	Chapter 3 Speeding Along with Lists and Tuples
		Defining and Using Lists
			Referencing list items by position
			Looping through a list
			Seeing whether a list contains an item
			Getting the length of a list
			Adding an item to the end of a list
			Inserting an item into a list
			Changing an item in a list
			Combining lists
			Removing list items
			Clearing out a list
			Counting how many times an item appears in a list
			Finding an list item’s index
			Alphabetizing and sorting lists
			Reversing a list
			Copying a list
		What’s a Tuple and Who Cares?
		Working with Sets
	Chapter 4 Cruising Massive Data with Dictionaries
		Understanding Data Dictionaries
		Creating a Data Dictionary
			Accessing dictionary data
			Getting the length of a dictionary
			Seeing whether a key exists in a dictionary
			Getting dictionary data with get()
			Changing the value of a key
			Adding or changing dictionary data
		Looping through a Dictionary
		Data Dictionary Methods
		Copying a Dictionary
		Deleting Dictionary Items
		Having Fun with Multi-Key Dictionaries
			Using the mysterious fromkeys and setdefault methods
			Nesting dictionaries
	Chapter 5 Wrangling Bigger Chunks of Code
		Creating a Function
		Commenting a Function
		Passing Information to a Function
			Defining optional parameters with defaults
			Passing multiple values to a function
			Using keyword arguments (kwargs)
			Passing multiple values in a list
			Passing in an arbitrary number of arguments
		Returning Values from Functions
		Unmasking Anonymous Functions
	Chapter 6 Doing Python with Class
		Mastering Classes and Objects
		Creating a Class
		Creating an Instance from a Class
		Giving an Object Its Attributes
			Creating an instance from a class
			Changing the value of an attribute
			Defining attributes with default values
		Giving a Class Methods
			Passing parameters to methods
			Calling a class method by class name
			Using class variables
			Using class methods
			Using static methods
		Understanding Class Inheritance
			Creating the base (main) class
			Defining a subclass
			Overriding a default value from a subclass
			Adding extra parameters from a subclass
			Calling a base class method
			Using the same name twice
	Chapter 7 Sidestepping Errors
		Understanding Exceptions
		Handling Errors Gracefully
		Being Specific about Exceptions
		Keeping Your App from Crashing
		Adding an else to the Mix
		Using try . . . except . . . else . . . finally
		Raising Your Own Exceptions
Book 3 Working with Libraries
	Chapter 1 Working with External Files
		Understanding Text and Binary Files
		Opening and Closing Files
		Reading a File’s Contents
		Looping through a File
			Looping with readlines()
			Looping with readline()
			Appending versus overwriting files
			Using tell() to determine the pointer location
			Moving the pointer with seek()
		Reading and Copying a Binary File
		Conquering CSV Files
			Opening a CSV file
			Converting strings
			Converting to integers
			Converting to date
			Converting to Boolean
			Converting to floats
		Converting from CSV to Objects and Dictionaries
			Importing CSV to Python objects
			Importing CSV to Python dictionaries
	Chapter 2 Juggling JSON Data
		Organizing JSON Data
		Understanding Serialization
		Loading Data from JSON Files
			Converting an Excel date to a JSON date
			Looping through a keyed JSON file
			Converting Firebase timestamps to Python dates
			Loading unkeyed JSON from a Python string
			Loading keyed JSON from a Python string
			Changing JSON data
			Removing data from a dictionary
		Dumping Python Data to JSON
	Chapter 3 Interacting with the Internet
		Seeing How the Web Works
			Understanding the mysterious URL
			Exposing the HTTP headers
			Opening a URL from Python
			Posting to the web with Python
			Scraping the web with Python
			Parsing part of a page
			Storing the parsed content
			Saving scraped data to a JSON file
			Saving scraped data to a CSV file
	Chapter 4 Libraries, Packages, and Modules
		Understanding the Python Standard Library
			Using the dir() function
			Using the help() function
			Exploring built-in functions
		Exploring Python Packages
		Importing Python Modules
		Making Your Own Modules
Book 4 Using Artificial Intelligence
	Chapter 1 Exploring Artificial Intelligence
		AI Is a Collection of Techniques
			Neural networks
			Machine learning
			TensorFlow — A framework for deep learning
		Current Limitations of AI
	Chapter 2 Building a Neural Network
		Understanding Neural Networks
			Layers of neurons
			Weights and biases
			The activation function
			Loss function
		Building a Simple Neural Network in Python
			The neural-net Python code
			Using TensorFlow for the same neural network
			Installing the TensorFlow Python library
		Building a Python Neural Network in TensorFlow
			Loading your data
			Defining your neural-network model and layers
			Compiling your model
			Fitting and training your model
			Evaluating the model
			Breaking down the code
			Checking the results
			Changing to a three-layer neural network in TensorFlow and Keras
	Chapter 3 Doing Machine Learning
		Learning by Looking for Solutions in All the Wrong Places
		Creating a Machine-Learning Network for Detecting Clothes Types
			Setting up the software environment
			Getting the data from the Fashion-MNIST dataset
			Training the network
			Testing our network
			Breaking down the code
			Results of the training and evaluation
			Testing a single test image
			Testing on external pictures
			The results, round 1
			The CNN model code
			The results, round 2
		Visualizing with MatPlotLib
		Learning More Machine Learning
	Chapter 4 Exploring AI
		Limitations of the Raspberry Pi and AI
		Adding Hardware AI to the Raspberry Pi
		AI in the Cloud
			Google Cloud
			Amazon Web Services
			IBM Cloud
			Microsoft Azure
		AI on a Graphics Card
		Where to Go for More AI Fun in Python
Book 5 Doing Data Science
	Chapter 1 Understanding the Five Areas of Data Science
		Working with Big, Big Data
			Volume
			Variety
			Velocity
			Managing volume, variety, and velocity
		Cooking with Gas: The Five-Step Process of Data Science
			Capturing the data
			Processing the data
			Analyzing the data
			Communicating the results
			Maintaining the data
	Chapter 2 Exploring Big Data
		Introducing NumPy, Pandas, and MatPlotLib
			NumPy
			Pandas
			MatPlotLib
		Doing Your First Data Science Project
			Diamonds are a data scientist’s best friend
			Breaking down the code
			Visualizing the data with MatPlotLib
	Chapter 3 Using Big Data from Google Cloud
		What Is Big Data?
		Understanding Google Cloud and BigQuery
			Google Cloud Platform
			BigQuery from Google
			Computer security on the cloud
			Signing up for BigQuery
		Reading the Medicare Big Data
			Setting up your project and authentication
			The first big-data code
			Breaking down the code
			Doing a bit of analysis
			Payment percent by state
			Now some visualization
		Looking for the Most Polluted City in the World on an Hourly Basis
Book 6 Talking to Hardware
	Chapter 1 Introducing Physical Computing
		Physical Computing Is Fun
		What Is a Raspberry Pi?
		Building Projects That Move and Sense the Environment
		Sensing the Environment with the Raspberry Pi
			GPIO pins
			GPIO libraries
			Buying and assembling the hardware for “Hello World”
		Controlling an LED with Python
		But Wait, There’s More
	Chapter 2 No Soldering! Using Grove Connectors for Building
		Working with the Grove System
			Selecting a Grove base unit
			Error-proofing with a Grove connector
		Grove Connectors
			Grove digital — All about those 1s and 0s
			Grove analog: When 1s and 0s aren’t enough
			Grove UART (or serial) — bit-by-bit transmission
			Grove I2C — Using I2C to make sense of the world
		Connecting with Grove Cables
			An example of the power of the patch!
			Second example: The Adafruit Ultimate GPS
	Chapter 3 Sensing the World
		Understanding I2C
			Enabling I2C on the Raspberry Pi
			The hardware for reading temperature and humidity
			Reading temperature and humidity from an I2C device using Python
			Breaking down the program
		Measuring Oxygen and a Flame
			Analog-to-digital converters (ADC)
			The Grove oxygen sensor
			Hooking up the oxygen experiment
			Breaking down the code
			Interpreting the results
		Building a Dashboard on Your Phone with Blynk
			HDC1080 temperature and humidity sensor redux
			Adding the Blynk dashboard
			The modified temperatureTest.py software for the Blynk app
			Breaking down the code
		Where to Go from Here
	Chapter 4 Making Things Move
		Exploring Electric Motors
			Small DC motors
			Servo motors
			Stepper motors
		Controlling a DC Motor
			Grove I2C motor driver
			Python DC motor software
		Running a Servo Motor
			Python servo software
			Breaking down the code
		Making a Stepper Motor Step
			Python stepper software
			Breaking down the code
Book 7 Building Robots
	Chapter 1 Introducing Robotics
		A Robot Is Not Always Like a Human
		Not Every Robot Has Arms or Wheels
			The Wilkinson bread-making robot
			Baxter, the coffee-making robot
			The Griffin Bluetooth-enabled toaster
		Understanding the Main Parts of a Robot
			Computers
			Motors and actuators
			Communications
			Sensors
		Programming Robots
	Chapter 2 Building Your First Python Robot
		Introducing the Mars Rover PiCar-B
			What you need for the build
			Understanding the robot components
		Assembling the Robot
		Testing Your Robot
			Calibrating your servos
			Preparing for running tests on your rover in Python
			Installing software for the PiCar-B Python test
			The PiCar-B Python test code
			Pi camera video testing
	Chapter 3 Programming Your Robot Rover
		Building a Simple, High-Level Python Interface
			The motorForward() function
			The wheelsLeft function()
			The wheelsPercent function()
		Making a Single Move with Python
		Functions of the RobotInterface Class
			Front LED functions
			Pixel strip functions
			Ultrasonic distance sensor function
			Main motor functions
			Servo functions
			General servo function
		The Python Robot Interface Test
		Coordinating Motor Movements with Sensors
		Making a Python Brain for Our Robot
		Overview of the Included Adeept Software
		Where to Go from Here
	Chapter 4 Using Artificial Intelligence in Robotics
		This Chapter’s Projects: Going to the Dogs
		Setting Up the First Project
		Machine Learning Using TensorFlow
			The code
			How the code works
			The results
		Testing the Trained Network
			The code
			How the code works
			The results
		Taking Cats and Dogs to Our Robot
			The code
			How it works
			The results
		Setting Up the Second Project
		The FindAndChaseTheBall.py Python Program
			The structure of the program
			The ultrasonic thread
			The video display thread
			The OpenCV frame analyzer thread
		The Main Program
			The program’s configuration
			Setting the ball’s color
			Chasing the ball
			Program notes
		AI and the Future of Robotics
Index
EULA