Psychological Interventions in Times of Crisis

Contents......Page 6
Editors......Page 10
Contributors......Page 12
Foreword: Psychological Interventions for Victims of Disaster and Trauma......Page 20
Introduction......Page 26
Part I. Theoretical Issues......Page 32
Introduction......Page 34
Community-Based Interventions......Page 35
Individual Interventions......Page 42
Concluding Comments......Page 54
2. Bereavement-Related Depression and PTSD: Evaluating Interventions......Page 68
From Resilience to Chronic Grief: The Varieties of Grief Reaction......Page 70
Common Clinical Assumptions About Bereavement......Page 74
Bereavement-Related Trauma Reactions......Page 75
Recommendations for Assessment of Bereaved Persons......Page 77
Recommendations for Treatment of Bereaved Persons......Page 78
Directions for Future Research......Page 81
PFA as a Vague or Generic Term......Page 88
Confusing PFA with Critical Incident Stress Debriefing or Disaster Mental Health......Page 89
PFA as a Distinct Strategy for Psychological Support......Page 90
Early Models of PFA......Page 91
Psychological First Aid Within the Red Cross Movement......Page 94
A Model of PFA for the Future......Page 95
Empirical Evidence Base......Page 99
Conclusions......Page 100
Part II. Community Interventions......Page 104
An American Psychologist Working in West Africa......Page 106
What Is the Mobile Member Care Team?......Page 109
What Kinds of Crises Do Westerners Living in West Africa Experience?......Page 110
Psychological Issues to Deal with After Being in a War Zone and Evacuating......Page 112
Africans in Crisis......Page 114
The Trauma Healing Workshop—A Workshop for African Christian Leaders......Page 117
The Workshops of MMCT—The Training Strategy......Page 121
Personal Challenges for a Psychologist Working in West Africa......Page 124
Future Goals......Page 126
Websites for Further Information......Page 127
Introduction......Page 130
Telecommuting to Disrupted Communities: The Role of Technology in Disaster Responding......Page 132
Cultural Trauma......Page 139
Protecting Workers Who are Responding to Disasters......Page 141
Conclusion......Page 146
6. New York University and 9/11: Viewing Terrorism Through a Dormitory Window......Page 150
Immediate Responses......Page 153
Secondary Responses......Page 156
Long-term Responses......Page 158
Conclusion......Page 160
Background......Page 164
The Project......Page 166
Challenges and Lessons Learned......Page 168
8. Play and Adaptation in Traumatized Young Children and Their Caregivers in Israel......Page 182
The Context of the Project......Page 183
The Project: Rationale, Procedure, and Tools......Page 187
Major Findings from the Study......Page 191
Clinical Implications of the Findings......Page 192
Clinical Implications for Coping and Resilience......Page 199
Clinical Implications for Play Therapy......Page 202
Additional Considerations for Trauma Professionals......Page 204
Conclusion......Page 205
Introduction: The Accident......Page 212
Liquidators......Page 216
Laypeople: Relocated and Not Relocated......Page 220
Impact on Neighbors......Page 234
Conclusion......Page 235
10. Advancing Healing and Reconciliation......Page 244
The Impact of Victimization on Survivors and Perpetrators......Page 245
Promoting Healing and Reconciliation in the Community......Page 248
Working with National Leaders......Page 255
Work with Local Community Leaders......Page 259
Seminars for Journalists......Page 263
Issues and Contemporary Societal/Political Processes Important to Reconciliation......Page 265
Conclusions......Page 268
11. The Firehouse Project: New York City Post 9/11......Page 276
General Issues......Page 278
Beginnings......Page 280
Process......Page 281
Endings......Page 289
Summary......Page 290
Part III: Synthesis......Page 294
12. Lessons Learned: What Do We Know About Psychological Interventions for Victims of Crisis?......Page 296
A......Page 304
C......Page 305
E......Page 308
G......Page 309
I......Page 310
K......Page 311
M......Page 312
P......Page 313
R......Page 315
S......Page 316
T......Page 318
W......Page 319
Y......Page 320