Psychodrama Since Moreno: Innovations in Theory and Practice

Book Cover......Page 1
Half-Title......Page 2
Title......Page 3
Copyright......Page 4
Contents......Page 5
Contributors......Page 7
Foreword......Page 10
Dedication......Page 12
Introduction......Page 14
REFERENCES......Page 16
Part I Encounter as the principle of change......Page 18
Stepping into the cosmos with our feet on the ground......Page 19
THE HOLWELL BOX......Page 25
Seventh story......Page 26
Ninth story......Page 27
THE BOX DEVELOPS......Page 29
Twelfth story......Page 30
TIME TRAVELLING......Page 31
MANY-SIDED REALITY......Page 32
Thirteenth story......Page 33
Fourteenth story......Page 34
THE GODHEAD......Page 35
HERE AND NOW......Page 36
Sixteenth story......Page 37
Seventeenth story......Page 38
REFERENCES......Page 39
INTRODUCTION......Page 40
Moment one—the empty chair......Page 42
Moment three—a backwards psychodrama......Page 43
Multiple protagonists in psychodrama......Page 45
Ways of unblocking spontaneity......Page 47
Spontaneity-creativity, twin concepts......Page 49
Creativity without spontaneity becomes lifeless......Page 50
The creative act—four characteristics......Page 51
Forms of spontaneity......Page 52
Act hunger......Page 54
The relationship of spontaneity: creativity and how it fits into psychodrama directing......Page 55
THE RIVER OF FREEDOM, SPONTANEITY AND CREATIVITY......Page 56
REFERENCES......Page 57
Wings and roots......Page 58
MORENO’S THEORY......Page 60
THE LOCUS, STATUS NASCENDI AND MATRIX OF PSYCHODRAMA......Page 61
The session......Page 62
THE CONCEPT OF CLUSTERS......Page 63
Cluster one......Page 64
CLUSTERS IN BETTY’S SESSION......Page 65
Betty in one-to-one sessions......Page 66
EPILOGUE......Page 67
REFERENCES......Page 68
Part II The locus and status nascendi of psychodrama......Page 69
The cradles of Moreno’s contributions......Page 70
BUCHAREST AND MORENO: HIS EARLY DEVELOPMENT......Page 72
VIENNA AND MORENO: THE CREATIVE UNFOLDING......Page 73
THE VISION IN CHEMNITZ......Page 75
MORENO AND THE EXPRESSIONIST MOVEMENT......Page 76
FROM PHILOSOPHY TO ACTION......Page 77
AXIODRAMA, SOCIODRAMA AND PSYCHODRAMA......Page 78
THE PSYCHODRAMATIC STAGE......Page 79
CONCLUSIONS......Page 80
REFERENCES......Page 81
INTRODUCTION: MORALITY AND ETHICS......Page 82
PART ONE:  THE COSMIC DILEMMA......Page 84
Strategies towards universality......Page 85
Moral responsibility: the protagonist and role reversal......Page 86
Sociometric morality I: the encounter and the double......Page 87
Sociometric morality II: interpersonal choice......Page 88
A note about Nietzschean irony in Moreno’s philosophy......Page 89
Psychodramatic shock......Page 90
The ‘open’ psychodrama session......Page 91
REFERENCES......Page 93
Part III The matrix of psychodrama......Page 95
The cognitive and conscious dimension......Page 98
DEVELOPING KNOWLEDGE OF ROLE THEORY......Page 99
USAGE OF TERMS......Page 101
THE ESSENTIAL NATURE OF A ROLE......Page 102
Scene one......Page 103
Visualising the situation......Page 104
ROLE ASSESSMENT AND ITS APPLICATIONS......Page 105
Example of role description increasing the involvement of group members......Page 106
Examples of tentative assessment of roles and role relations during an interview......Page 107
DEVELOPING AN ASSESSMENT PROCESS......Page 110
Role analysis assists a person to develop a picture of their personality......Page 111
Role analysis as a guide for further work......Page 112
Application in role training......Page 116
REFERENCES......Page 117
Goals: choosing partners, co-creating groups......Page 119
Chance, cause, choice, co-creation......Page 121
From sociometry to sociodynamics......Page 122
Action sociometry......Page 123
Co-created stories......Page 124
‘Connections’: warming up energy through the exploration of the history of interpersonal bonds......Page 126
Action graphs and personal justice......Page 128
The phase plane of opposites......Page 130
The union of opposites......Page 133
The sociodynamic test......Page 134
Using the diamond of opposites in psychodrama......Page 135
Interpersonal profiles......Page 136
Identifying issues and evaluating the effectiveness of psychodrama with the interpersonal profile......Page 137
Mutuality and accuracy of interpersonal perception......Page 138
Catastrophes: how the interaction of opposites promotes creativity......Page 139
The co-organisation of groups......Page 140
Sociometric asymmetry and social hierarchy......Page 141
Colour sociograms......Page 142
Co-creation games......Page 143
REFERENCES......Page 146
The transpersonal and psychospiritual dimension......Page 149
Religion and the spirit......Page 150
MORENO’S RELIGIOUS ROOTS......Page 152
METAPHYSICAL FOUNDATION OF THE SPONTANEITY/ CREATIVITY THEORY......Page 156
RELIGION AS MOTIVATION FOR THERAPEUTIC AND SOCIAL WORK......Page 159
DRAMA AS A MEANS TO DEAL WITH RELIGIOUS/ METAPHYSICAL ISSUES......Page 160
PRACTICAL EXAMPLE OF RELIGIOUS SOCIODRAMA......Page 161
CONCLUSION......Page 164
REFERENCES......Page 165
The co-unconscious......Page 166
BIRTH, A CREATIVE ACT......Page 168
DEVELOPMENT OF THE CO-UNCONSCIOUS......Page 169
FIVE PHASES OF EVOLUTION......Page 170
THE CO-UNCONSCIOUS PROCESS IN GROUPS......Page 171
Cosmic matrix......Page 173
Example......Page 174
First theme......Page 176
Second theme......Page 177
Third theme......Page 178
REFERENCES......Page 179
The personal and unconscious dimension......Page 180
AN EXTENDED CONCEPT OF SURPLUS REALITY......Page 181
ENTERING THE WORLD OF SURPLUS REALITY......Page 184
SURREALISM AND THE WORLD OF DREAMS IN PSYCHODRAMA......Page 185
MADAME BLANCHE AND HER MIRROR—A DREAM PSYCHODRAMA......Page 187
REFERENCES......Page 198
The interpersonal dimension......Page 199
Role reversal in psychodrama......Page 200
HISTORY......Page 202
DEFINITION......Page 203
TWO FORMS OF ROLE REVERSAL......Page 205
Reciprocal role reversal and social psychology......Page 206
Representational role reversal and object relations theory......Page 209
REFERENCES......Page 211
INTRODUCTION......Page 214
REFLECTIONS ON TERMINOLOGY......Page 216
NATURAL ORIGINS OF TELE......Page 217
TELE AS A ROLE-DEPENDENT DYNAMIC......Page 218
REASONS FOR PREFERENCE......Page 219
TELE AND TRANSFERENCE......Page 220
DEALING WITH NEGATIVE TELE......Page 221
TELE AND GROUP COHESION......Page 223
TELIC SENSITIVITY, EMPATHY AND ENCOUNTER......Page 224
PROMOTING INDIVIDUATION......Page 225
FURTHER APPLICATIONS OF THE CONCEPT OF TELE......Page 226
REFERENCES......Page 227
Name index......Page 229
Subject index......Page 232