Psychiatry as a Neuroscience

Contents......Page 8
List of Contributors......Page 6
Preface......Page 10
A Brief History of Psychatric Genetics......Page 16
Familial Behaviour......Page 19
Natural Experiments......Page 20
Models of Inheritance......Page 22
Molecular Genetic Approaches......Page 28
Impact of Genetics on Psychiatry in the Twenty-First Century......Page 35
Conclusions......Page 37
References......Page 38
Paradigm Shifts......Page 44
Overview......Page 46
Animal Models......Page 47
Pharmacalogical Studies......Page 48
Clinical Comorbidity Underlined by Overlapping Biological Mechanisms......Page 49
Tissue Remodelling......Page 50
Peripheral Molecular Markers......Page 51
Advances and Insights from Pharmacological Studies......Page 53
Clinical Comorbidity Underlined by Overlapping Biological Mechanisms......Page 54
Tissue Remodelling......Page 55
Endocrinological Aspects......Page 57
Advances and Insights from Convergent Functional Genomic Studies......Page 58
Advances and Insights from Pharmacological Studies......Page 59
Endocrinological Aspects......Page 60
Advances and Insights from Pharmacological Studies......Page 61
Clinical Comorbidity Underlined by Overlapping Biological Mechanisms......Page 62
Advances and Insights from Convergent Functional Genomic Studies......Page 63
Clinical Comorbidity Underlined by Overlapping Biological Mechanisms......Page 65
Advances and Insights from Convergent Functional Genomic Studies......Page 66
Increasing Confluence of Psychiatry and Neurology......Page 67
References......Page 68
Introduction......Page 74
Computed Tomography......Page 75
Magnetic Resonance Imaging......Page 79
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging......Page 84
Single Photon Emission Tomography and Positron Emission Tomography......Page 87
Conclusions......Page 97
Acknowledgement......Page 100
References......Page 101
Introduction......Page 108
Overview of Components and Control Mechanisms......Page 110
Components and Function......Page 113
Disorders of the HPT Axis......Page 115
HPT Axis Dysfunction in Patients with Primary Psychiatric Disorders......Page 117
Hyperthyroid States......Page 118
Components and Function......Page 119
Discovery of CRF......Page 121
HPA Axis Abnormalities in Depression......Page 122
Hypothalamic-Pictuitary-Gonad Axis......Page 126
Hypothalamic-Prolactin Axis......Page 128
Oxytocin and Arginine-Vasopressin......Page 129
Pituitary-Growth Hormone Axis......Page 130
Conclusions......Page 131
Acknowledgements......Page 132
References......Page 133
Introduction......Page 142
Electroencephalography......Page 144
Event-Related Potentials......Page 149
Electroderrnal Activity......Page 150
Eye Movements-Startle Reflex-Pre-pulse Inhibition......Page 151
Schizophrenia......Page 152
Affective Disorders......Page 164
Anxiety Disorders......Page 168
Dementia......Page 173
Conclusions......Page 176
References......Page 178
Introduction......Page 198
Integration of Neuropsychology into Psychiatric Research......Page 199
Developmental Neuropsychiatric Disorders......Page 200
Conclusions......Page 206
References......Page 208
Signs and Symptoms of Schizophrenia......Page 214
Antipsychotic Drugs......Page 215
Two-Factor Model......Page 217
Brain Imaging Studies......Page 218
Hippocampus......Page 219
Anterior Cingulate Cortex......Page 220
Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex......Page 221
Post-Mortem Studies......Page 222
Stereomorphometric Studies......Page 223
Neurotransmitter Systems......Page 225
Behavioural Paradigms......Page 228
Pharmacology......Page 230
Anatomic Networks......Page 232
Reelin and Cortical Lamination......Page 234
Postnatal Ingrowth of Extrinsic Afferents......Page 235
Conclusions......Page 236
References......Page 237
Introduction......Page 254
Neurogenetics......Page 256
Neuroanatomy......Page 257
Neurophysiology......Page 258
Neurochemistry......Page 261
Neuroendocrinology......Page 268
Neurogenetics......Page 270
Neuroanatomy......Page 271
Neurochemistry......Page 272
Neuroimmunology......Page 273
Neurogenetics......Page 274
Neuroanatomy......Page 275
Neurophysiology......Page 276
Neuroendocrinology......Page 277
The Future......Page 278
References......Page 281
Neuropathology of Alzheimer\'s Disease......Page 304
Synucleinopathy, Taupathy and Amyloidopathy: A New Classification Of Neurodegeneration......Page 306
The Cholinergic Hypothesis......Page 307
Other Neurotransmitter Loss......Page 308
Autosomal Dominant Neurodegeneration......Page 309
Genotype-Phenotype Correlation......Page 311
Genes Associated with Late-Onset AD......Page 312
Chromosomes Linked to Late-Onset AD......Page 314
Clinical Implications of Molecular Genetics of AD......Page 315
Metabolism of APP......Page 317
Tau and the Formation of Tangles......Page 320
APOE: Proven Association, Unknown Mechanism......Page 322
Molecular Relationship Between Plaques and Tangles......Page 323
Conclusions......Page 324
References......Page 325
A......Page 340
C......Page 341
E......Page 342
G......Page 343
M......Page 344
P......Page 345
S......Page 346
Y......Page 347
Acknowledgements......Page 348