Prototypical Transitivity

Prototypical Transitivity......Page 2
Editorial page......Page 3
Title page......Page 4
LCC data......Page 5
Table of contents......Page 6
Preface......Page 10
1.1 Why transitivity?......Page 12
1.2.1 Functional typology and prototype theory......Page 14
1.2.2 Definitions and terminology......Page 17
1.3 Structure of the book......Page 19
2.2.1 Characteristics of a prototype model......Page 22
2.2.2 Transitivity as a prototype concept......Page 23
2.2.3 Descriptive and explanatory issues......Page 27
2.3.1 Comrie's generalisation......Page 28
2.3.2 Transitives vs. intransitives......Page 31
2.3.3 Transitivity and the maximal distinction of categories......Page 33
2.3.4 The markedness of prototypically transitive clauses......Page 35
2.4 Conclusion......Page 37
3.2.1 Transitivity and the distinguishability of participants......Page 38
3.2.2 Inherent vs. relational properties......Page 41
3.2.3 The trouble with agents......Page 43
3.2.4 Participant roles vs. thematic relations......Page 46
3.2.5 The properties of agents and patients......Page 48
3.2.6 Agent and patient as maximally distinct categories......Page 55
3.3 Maximal distinction and functional explanations......Page 57
4.1 Introduction......Page 62
4.2 "Ingestive verbs" and affected agents......Page 63
4.3.1 Indefinite object deletion and suppletive verb pairs......Page 65
4.3.2 Labile verbs......Page 68
4.3.3 Cross-referencing properties......Page 72
4.3.4 Causativisation......Page 74
4.3.5 Case-marking properties......Page 79
4.4.2 'Eat' and reflexive constructions......Page 83
4.4.3 'Eat' grammaticalised as marker of agent affectedness......Page 86
4.5 Alternative analyses......Page 88
4.6 Other affected-agent constructions......Page 93
4.7 Concluding remarks......Page 94
5.1 Introduction......Page 96
5.2 Previous feature-decompositional accounts......Page 97
5.3.1 [+VOL, –INST, +AFF]: Volitional Undergoers......Page 100
5.3.2 [–VOL, +INST, –AFF]: Force......Page 104
5.3.3 [–VOL, +INST, +AFF]: Instrument......Page 107
5.3.4 [+VOL, –INST, –AFF]: Frustrative......Page 110
5.3.5 [–VOL, –INST, –AFF]: Neutral......Page 113
5.4 Semantic features in verb subcategorisation......Page 118
5.5 Properties of argument NPs......Page 122
5.6.2 Negation and mood......Page 125
5.6.3 Aspect......Page 129
5.7 Formal correlates......Page 130
5.8 Conclusion......Page 133
6.1 Introduction......Page 134
6.2.1 Defining the term......Page 135
6.2.2 Typical IOD verbs......Page 137
6.2.3 Clausal-level IOD......Page 139
6.2.4 Previous approaches......Page 140
6.3.1 IOD as a detransitivising mechanism......Page 145
6.3.2 Additional factors......Page 150
6.3.3 Semantic specialisation: The case of 'eat' and 'drink'......Page 152
6.4 IOD and S/O ambitransitives......Page 156
7.1 Introduction......Page 164
7.2 The discriminatory analysis......Page 165
7.3 The indexing analysis......Page 170
7.4.1 Patient/object marking......Page 172
7.4.2 Agent/subject marking......Page 175
7.5 Case and semantic transitivity – unifying discrimination and indexing......Page 177
7.6 Semantic extensions......Page 179
7.7 Discriminatory extensions......Page 184
7.8 Split ergativity......Page 186
7.9 A note on case-marking labels......Page 193
8.2 The semantic diversity of experience events......Page 196
8.3 Experience clauses and the transitive prototype......Page 200
8.4.1 Dative as a marker of Volitional Undergoers......Page 208
8.4.2 From recipients to possessors......Page 210
8.4.3 Causee case-marking......Page 211
8.4.4 The relevance of animacy......Page 214
8.4.5 Less affected objects......Page 216
8.4.6 Uncontrolled intransitives......Page 217
9.1 From Agent and Patient to subject and object......Page 220
9.2 Structural vs. semantic case......Page 222
9.3 Other prototypes......Page 224
9.4 Concluding remarks......Page 228
Appendix: Nonstandard abbreviations in glosses......Page 230
References......Page 232
Author index......Page 244
Language index......Page 248
Subject index......Page 250
The series Typological Studies in Language......Page 252