Progress in Pathology: Volume 7 (Progress in Pathology)

Cover......Page 1
Half-title......Page 3
Title......Page 5
Copyright......Page 6
Contents......Page 7
Contributors......Page 9
Preface......Page 11
INTRODUCTION......Page 13
WHITE CELL COUNT......Page 14
PROTEIN......Page 15
HISTOPATHOLOGICAL CORRELATION......Page 16
INTERPRETATION OF POSITIVE MICROBIOLOGICAL CULTURES......Page 17
RESEARCH POINTS......Page 18
BLOOD CULTURE......Page 19
RESEARCH POINT......Page 20
UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT......Page 21
THE GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT......Page 22
CONCLUSION......Page 23
REFERENCES......Page 24
INTRODUCTION......Page 27
CLINICAL FEATURES......Page 29
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS......Page 30
ATYPICAL BURKITT'S LYMPHOMA/BURKITT-LIKE LYMPHOMA......Page 31
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS......Page 32
IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY......Page 33
CLINICAL FEATURES......Page 34
PATHOLOGICAL FEATURES......Page 35
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS......Page 36
PRECURSOR B-LYMPHOBLASTIC LEUKAEMIA/LYMPHOMA......Page 37
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS......Page 38
T-CELL LYMPHOMAS......Page 39
PATHOLOGICAL FEATURES......Page 40
GENETICS......Page 41
CLINICAL FEATURES......Page 42
PATHOLOGICAL FEATURES......Page 43
IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY......Page 45
GENETICS......Page 46
CLINICAL FEATURES......Page 47
PATHOLOGICAL FEATURES......Page 48
Immunohistochemistry......Page 50
CLINICAL FEATURES......Page 51
IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY......Page 52
REFERENCES......Page 53
EXAMINATION OF THE BRAIN AT AUTOPSY - AN APPROACH......Page 61
THE PATHOLOGY OF ISCHAEMIA......Page 62
THE ISCHAEMIC NEURON......Page 63
CEREBRAL INFARCTION......Page 64
HAEMORRHAGE......Page 65
PROFOUND HYPOTENSION......Page 66
CEREBRAL AND CEREBELLAR ATROPHY......Page 67
CENTRAL PONTINE MYELINOLYSIS......Page 68
HYPOGLYCAEMIA......Page 69
AN APPROACH TO THE AUTOPSY IN SUSPECTED CNS INFECTION......Page 70
BACTERIAL PATHOGENS......Page 71
VIRAL PATHOGENS......Page 72
FUNGAL OR PROTOZOAL PATHOGENS......Page 73
METASTATIC CARCINOMA......Page 74
NON-METASTATIC EFFECTS OF CARCINOMA......Page 75
MENINGIOMA......Page 76
ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE......Page 78
DEMENTIA WITH LEWY BODIES......Page 79
VASCULAR DEMENTIA......Page 80
REFERENCES......Page 81
ANTIBODIES OF VALUE IN DISTINGUISHING BETWEEN PRIMARY AND METASTATIC ADENOCARCINOMA......Page 85
ORIGIN OF PSEUDOMYXOMA PERITONEI......Page 88
ANTIBODIES OF VALUE IN DISTINCTION BETWEEN UTERINE AND OVARIAN SEROUS CARCINOMA......Page 89
ANTIBODIES OF VALUE IN TYPING OF OVARIAN CARCINOMAS......Page 90
ANTIBODIES OF VALUE IN DEMONSTRATING SEX CORD-STROMAL DIFFERENTIATION......Page 91
OTHER USES OF Alpha-INHIBIN STAINING IN GYNAECOLOGICAL PATHOLOGY......Page 92
ANTIBODIES OF VALUE IN DISTINCTION BETWEEN TYPE I AND TYPE II ENDOMETRIAL CANCER......Page 93
ANTIBODIES OF VALUE IN DISTINCTION BETWEEN ENDOMETRIAL AND ENDOCERVICAL ADENOCARCINOMA......Page 94
ANTIBODIES OF VALUE IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF UTERINE MESENCHYMAL LESIONS......Page 97
VALUE OF PROLIFERATION MARKERS AND p16 IN THE EVALUATION OF CERVICAL SQUAMOUS LESIONS......Page 98
MARKERS OF VALUE IN THE DISTINCTION OF CERVICAL GLANDULAR INTRAEPITHELIAL NEOPLASIA (CGIN) FROM BENIGN MIMICS......Page 99
THE VALUE OF CD10 IN CERVICAL GLANDULAR LESIONS......Page 100
ANTIBODIES OF VALUE IN CERVICAL MDA......Page 101
ANTIBODIES OF VALUE IN TROPHOBLASTIC DISEASE......Page 102
PAGET'S DISEASE OF THE VULVA......Page 103
REFERENCES......Page 104
DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY......Page 113
ISOLATED LEFT VENTRICULAR NON-COMPACTION......Page 117
HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY......Page 118
ARRHYTHMOGENIC RIGHT VENTRICULAR CARDIOMYOPATHY......Page 122
RESTRICTIVE CARDIOMYOPATHY......Page 128
ROLE OF ENDOMYOCARDIAL BIOPSY IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF CARDIOMYOPATHY......Page 133
CONCLUSION......Page 137
REFERENCES......Page 138
INTRODUCTION......Page 147
EPIDEMIOLOGY......Page 148
TUMOUR TYPES......Page 149
UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS OF CUP......Page 150
PROGNOSTIC FEATURES AND THERAPY......Page 152
RADIOLOGY......Page 154
PROGRESSION TO BIOPSY......Page 155
STANDARD HISTOPATHOLOGY......Page 156
ELECTRON MICROSCOPY AND CYTOGENETICS......Page 157
INTERPRETATION OF MARKERS OF PRIMARY SITE......Page 158
METHODOLOGICAL CONSIDERATIONS......Page 160
Cytokeratins in carcinomas......Page 161
Cytokeratins 7 and 20 in adenocarcinomas......Page 162
ER......Page 164
MESOTHELIN......Page 165
CDX2......Page 166
OTHER NEW MARKERS......Page 167
USE OF PANELS OF MULTIPLE MARKERS......Page 168
INTERPRETATION OF MULTIPLE MARKERS......Page 169
CONCLUSION......Page 170
REFERENCES......Page 171
EVIDENCE THAT TUMOUR IMMUNOLOGY IS IMPORTANT......Page 175
OVERVIEW OF THE IMMUNE RESPONSE......Page 176
DENDRITIC CELLS......Page 180
CD4 T-CELLS (T-LYMPHOCYTES)......Page 181
CD8 T-CELLS (T-LYMPHOCYTES)......Page 182
NATURAL KILLER (NK) CELLS......Page 183
EOSINOPHILS, MACROPHAGES AND OTHER CELLS OF THE INNATE IMMUNE SYSTEM......Page 184
ANTIGEN PRESENTATION......Page 185
GENETIC APPROACH TO DETERMINING ANTIGENS RECOGNISED BY CD8 T-CELLS (FIG. 7.4)......Page 187
BIOCHEMICAL APPROACHES TO DETERMINING ANTIGENS RECOGNISED BY CD8 T-CELLS......Page 188
ANALYSIS OF ANTIBODY RESPONSES IN CANCER PATIENTS......Page 189
TYPES OF TUMOUR ANTIGENS......Page 190
DIFFERENTIATION ANTIGENS (TABLE 7.3)......Page 192
EVIDENCE FOR B-CELL/ANTIBODY RESPONSES......Page 193
EVIDENCE FOR CD8 T-CELL RESPONSES......Page 194
EVIDENCE FOR DC INVOLVEMENT IN TUMOUR BIOLOGY......Page 195
CURRENT TRIALS AND TRIBULATIONS WITH IMMUNOTHERAPY......Page 196
CONCLUSION......Page 203
REFERENCES......Page 204
INTRODUCTION......Page 211
POST-MORTEM IMAGING IN PAEDIATRIC PATHOLOGY......Page 212
POST-MORTEM IMAGING IN ADULTS......Page 214
POST-MORTEM IMAGING IN FORENSIC CASES......Page 218
DIGITAL IMAGE POST-PROCESSING AND 3D MODELLING......Page 224
FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS......Page 227
CONCLUSIONS......Page 228
REFERENCES......Page 229
INTRODUCTION......Page 233
HISTORICAL ASPECTS......Page 234
PART 1: THE SCHEDULED PURPOSES AND ACTIVITIES REQUIRING CONSENT......Page 235
CONSENT - THE CORNERSTONE OF THE ACT......Page 237
POWERS TO DISPENSE WITH THE NEED FOR CONSENT......Page 239
COMMITTING AN OFFENCE......Page 240
PART 2: REGULATION......Page 241
PART 3 OF THE ACT......Page 242
AN OVERVIEW OF THE CORONERS (AMENDMENT) RULES 2005......Page 243
CONCLUSIONS......Page 244
REFERENCES......Page 245
TUMOUR SITE SPECIFIC GROUPS......Page 247
MULTIDISCIPLINARY TEAMS......Page 248
ASSEMBLING LISTS OF PATIENTS TO BE DISCUSSED AT AN MDT MEETING......Page 249
DATA COLLECTION FORM......Page 250
MDT MEETING ROOM AND EQUIPMENT......Page 251
PATHOLOGICAL INPUT INTO THE MDT MEETING......Page 255
THE EXTENDED ROLE OF THE PATHOLOGIST IN THE MDT......Page 256
CONCLUSIONS......Page 257
REFERENCES......Page 258
INTRODUCTION AND INCIDENCE......Page 259
METABOLISM......Page 260
MECHANISMS OF INJURY......Page 261
SUSCEPTIBILITY......Page 262
PATTERNS OF INJURY......Page 263
ADAPTATION......Page 264
SEVERITY OF INJURY......Page 265
MAKING THE DIAGNOSIS......Page 266
ROLE OF LIVER BIOPSY......Page 269
Complementary and alternative medicines (CAM)......Page 270
OTHER AGENTS......Page 272
ILLICIT DRUG USE......Page 273
OVER-THE-COUNTER PREPARATIONS......Page 274
PRESCRIPTION DRUGS......Page 275
REFERENCES......Page 278
Index......Page 283