Procurement 4.0 and the Fourth Industrial Revolution: The Opportunities and Challenges of a Digital World

Procurement 4.0 and the Fourth Industrial Revolution
	Abbreviations
	Contents
	List of Figures
	Chapter 1: Introduction
	Chapter 2: Industry 4.0 and Procurement 4.0
		2.1 Introduction
		2.2 Industry 4.0
			2.2.1 The Main Components
			2.2.2 Major Challenges
		2.3 Procurement 4.0
			2.3.1 The First Industrial Revolution, Procurement 1.0
			2.3.2 The Second Industrial Revolution, Procurement 2.0
			2.3.3 The Third Industrial Revolution, Procurement 3.0
			2.3.4 The Fourth Industrial Revolution, Procurement 4.0!
		2.4 The Procurement 4.0 Model
			2.4.1 Cybernetics
			2.4.2 Communication
			2.4.3 Control
			2.4.4 Cooperation
			2.4.5 Connection
			2.4.6 Cognition
			2.4.7 Coordination
		2.5 Innovation in Procurement Processes
		2.6 Technology Acceptance Model
		2.7 Successful Transformation
		2.8 Conclusions
		Appendix: Results of a Survey on the Digitization of Procurement: Challenges and Opportunities
			Introduction
			Which Areas Have Been Digitized in the Organization, with Reference to Procurement Processes?
			Which Applications Does the Organization Use?
			What Are the Benefits Obtained?
			What Are the Procurement Processes Planned for Digitization?
			Conclusions
	Chapter 3: Processes in Procurement 4.0
		3.1 Introduction
		3.2 Structure and Activities of Procurement Processes
		3.3 Command: Procurement Process Intelligence
			3.3.1 Digitize and Lean Procurement
			3.3.2 Procurement Process Intelligence Components
				Forecasting, Procurement Strategy, Planning, and Budgeting
				Collaboration
				Execution
				Monitoring and Spend Analysis (Visibility of Expenses)
			3.3.3 Technology for Business Process Intelligence
		3.4 Collaboration: Logistics 4.0
		3.5 Cybernetics: Risk Management in Procurement
			3.5.1 Risk Analysis
			3.5.2 Risk Assessment
			3.5.3 Mitigation of Risks
			3.5.4 Monitoring of Risks and Lessons Learned
			3.5.5 Digital Transformation and Risk Management in Procurement
			3.5.6 Skills for Risk Management
			3.5.7 Global Procurement and Risk Management
				Taxonomy of Costs Related to Global Procurement
					Static Costs
					Dynamic Costs
					Hidden Costs
				Buyer Tools for Managing Global Procurement Risks
				Conclusions
			3.5.8 Resilience and Procurement 4.0
				Research on Resilience in Procurement
				Agility
				Basic Features of Resilience
				Principles of Resilient Outsourcing Design
				Management of an Emergency
				Resilience Metrics
				Conclusions
		3.6 Controllership: Procurement Finance 4.0
			3.6.1 Fintech Finance and Procurement 4.0
			3.6.2 Innovation and Technology in Procurement of Financial Services
		3.7 Conclusions
	Chapter 4: Platforms for Procurement 4.0
		4.1 Introduction
		4.2 Classification of the Platforms
		4.3 Architecture for the Platforms
			4.3.1 General Architecture for the Procurement 4.0 Platforms
				Lean and Digitize
				A Generalized Architecture for e-Procurement
				Benefits of e-Procurement
				Challenges of e-Procurement
		4.4 Connection: IoT and Blockchain
			4.4.1 IoT
				IoT Architectures
				Application Areas
				Efficiency Improvement Through the IoT
				Partnerships Through the IoT
			4.4.2 Wireless Sensor Networks
			4.4.3 Blockchain
				The Blockchain in Procurement
			4.4.4 Digitization of the Contracts Lifecycle
				Smart Contracts
				Basic Functions of Smart Contracts
				CLM Software Applications
				Benefits of CLM Solutions
			4.4.5 3D Printing
				Additive Manufacturing
				Benefits of 3D Printing
			4.4.6 Automatic Guided Vehicles
			4.4.7 Drones
		4.5 Cognition: Cognitive Procurement
			4.5.1 Analytics and Big Data
			4.5.2 Artificial Intelligence
			4.5.3 Robotic Process Automation
		4.6 Communication
			4.6.1 Cloud Computing
				Cloud Procurement
				B2B Cloud
				Edge Computing
			4.6.2 Mobility
			4.6.3 Augmented Reality
		4.7 Cybersecurity and Data Privacy
		4.8 A Roadmap for Digital Transformation
		4.9 Conclusions
	Chapter 5: Persons in Procurement 4.0
		5.1 Introduction
		5.2 Transformation Roadmap
		5.3 Persons’ Contribution to Procurement 4.0
		5.4 Training 4.0
			5.4.1 Why
			5.4.2 What
			5.4.3 Who
			5.4.4 When
			5.4.5 Where
			5.4.6 How
		5.5 Conclusions
	Chapter 6: Partnerships in Procurement 4.0
		6.1 Introduction
		6.2 Procurement in Teams
			6.2.1 Persons and Organizations
			6.2.2 Processes
			6.2.3 Platforms
			6.2.4 Security
		6.3 Partner Evaluation in Procurement 4.0
			6.3.1 IoT
			6.3.2 Big Data
			6.3.3 AI
			6.3.4 Mobility
			6.3.5 Cloud Computing
		6.4 Conclusions
	Chapter 7: Future of Procurement 4.0
		7.1 Introduction
		7.2 Scenario
		7.3 The Four Ps of Procurement Management
			7.3.1 Platforms
			7.3.2 Processes
			7.3.3 Persons
			7.3.4 Partnerships
		7.4 Sustainable Procurement
			7.4.1 Procurement Sustainability
			7.4.2 New Technologies for Sustainable Procurement
				Cloud Computing
				Big Data Analytics
				Mobility
				Internet of Things
				Artificial Intelligence
		7.5 Conclusions
	Chapter 8: Conclusions
	Relevant Websites
	Glossary
	References