Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Movement, Health and Exercise: MoHE 2022―Refocusing on Sports and Exercise for a Post-pandemic World

Preface
Contents
About the Editors
Survey on Knowledge, Attitude and Confidence (KAC) on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) Among Recreational Athletes in Contact Sports
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
		2.1 Research Design
		2.2 Participants
		2.3 Ethical Consideration
		2.4 Research Instrument
		2.5 Data Collection and Analysis
	3 Results and Discussion
		3.1 Participants Demographics
		3.2 Level of Knowledge, Attitude and Confidence on CPR
		3.3 Comparison of Knowledge, Attitude and Confidence on CPR Between Male and Female CS Athletes
		3.4 The Relationship of the CPR Knowledge Toward the Attitude and Confidence
	4 Conclusion
	References
Influence of Boot Studs on Rugby Players’ Sprinting Performance
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
		2.1 Subject
	3 Equipment
	4 Procedure
	5 Statistical Analysis
	6 Result and Discussion
	7 Conclusion
	References
Influence of Receiver’s Position on Short-Serve Placement Among Double Badminton Players
	1 Introduction
	2 Methods
		2.1 Instrument
		2.2 Procedure
	3 Results
		3.1 Differences of Short-Serve Placement
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
Effect of Kinesiology Tape Application on Shoulder Pain and Mobility Among State-Level Badminton Players
	1 Introduction
	2 Methods
		2.1 Participants
		2.2 Shoulder Pain
		2.3 Shoulder Mobility
		2.4 Kinesiology Tape (KT) Mapping on the Shoulder
		2.5 Procedure
		2.6 Statistical Analysis
	3 Results
		3.1 Dash
		3.2 Selected Functional Movement Assessment
	4 Discussion
	5 Limitation
	6 Conclusion
	References
Effects of Wheel Depth on Individual Time Trial Performance Among Skilled Cyclists
	1 Introduction
	2 Material and Methods
		2.1 Participants
		2.2 Methodology
	3 Results
	4 Discussions
	5 Conclusions
	References
The Psychometric Properties of the Malay Version of the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21-M) Among Smokers
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS-21)
		1.2 Smoking and Mental Health
	2 Method
		2.1 Study Instruments
	3 Results
	4 Discussion
	References
Malaysian Rugby Team Coaching Competency: A Review of Qualitative Study
	1 Introduction
	2 World Rugby Coaching Competence Training and Learning
	3 Methods
	4 Results
	5 Conclusion
	References
Association between Obesity Risk Knowledge and Body Mass Index among Sport Students
	1 Introduction
	2 Method
		2.1 Study Population
		2.2 Data Collection Procedure
		2.3 Obesity Risk Knowledge-10 (ORK-10) Questionnaire
		2.4 Statistical Analysis
	3 Result
	4 Discussion
	References
High-Intensity Interval Training Protocols Variation Response to Immune Parameters and Cardiovascular Risk Factors: A Scoping Review
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Method
		2.1 Study Design
		2.2 Data Sources
		2.3 Search Strategy and Data Extraction
		2.4 Study Selection Criteria
	3 Results
		3.1 Article Retrieved
		3.2 Article Characteristics
		3.3 HIIT Intervention Protocols
		3.4 Effect of HIIT on Immune Parameter
		3.5 Effect of HIIT on Cardiovascular (CVD) Risk Factor
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
Nutritional Status and Its Influence on Body Composition Among Healthy Overweight Men During COVID-19 Lockdown
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
		2.1 Study Design
		2.2 Participants Recruitment and Data Collection Location
		2.3 Diet Assessment and Questionnaire
	3 Data Collection
		3.1 Prediction of Energy Expenditure from Equation
		3.2 Energy Balance Equation
		3.3 Estimated Energy Requirement from Equation
		3.4 Statistical Analyses
	4 Results
		4.1 Anthropometry and Body Composition of the Participants
		4.2 Energy Intake, Energy Expenditure, Energy Expenditure, and Estimated Energy Requirement in Overweight Men
		4.3 Association of Body Composition with Estimated Energy Requirement
		4.4 Association of Body Composition with Energy Expenditure
		4.5 Association of Body Composition with Energy Intake
		4.6 Association of Body Composition and Energy Balance
		4.7 Stepwise Linear Regression Analysis of Selected Nutritional Status with Body Composition
	5 Discussion
	6 Conclusion
	References
Development of an Instrument for Assessing Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of PE Teachers Towards COVID-19 Pandemic: A Rasch Measurement Approach
	1 Introduction
	2 Methods
		2.1 Instrument Development and Validation Processes
		2.2 The Rasch Measurement Model
		2.3 Expert Judgement (Face and Content Validity)
		2.4 Validity of the CVIS Instrument
		2.5 Reliability of the CVIS Instrument
		2.6 Item Difficulty Levels
		2.7 Item Fit
		2.8 Rating Scales Analysis
	3 Conclusion
	References
Enhancing Sustainable Tourism in Kundasang Through Hiking
	1 Introduction
	2 Method
		2.1 Survey Instrument
		2.2 Research Design and Sample
	3 Data Analysis
		3.1 Anova Analysis
		3.2 Regression Analysis
	4 Discussion and Conclusion
	References
Effect of the HoPA Program on Body Mass Index and Physical Activity Level Among Children
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
	3 Result
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
Relationship of Personality Traits and Competitive Trait Anxiety in Recreational Individual Event Sports
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
		2.1 Participants
		2.2 Instrumentation
		2.3 Statistical Methods
	3 Results
		3.1 Correlations Between Personality Traits and Competitive Trait Anxiety
		3.2 Predicting Competitive Trait Anxiety from Personality Traits
	4 Discussion
		4.1 Correlation Between Personality Trait and Competitive Trait Anxiety
		4.2 Predicting Competitive Trait Anxiety from Personality Traits
		4.3 Moderation Effect of Gender
	5 Conclusion
	References
Determination of Essential Performance Indicator for Football for Discriminating Between Winner, Draw, and Loser Matches in Malaysia Super League 2021
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
		2.1 Participants and Study Design
		2.2 Principal Component Analysis
		2.3 The Application of Discriminant Analysis
	3 Result and Discussion
	4 Conclusion
	References
Secondary School Students’ Perceptions of Motivational Climate, Enjoyment Processes, and Mental Well-being in Physical Education
	1 Introduction
	2 Methods
		2.1 Participants
		2.2 Measures
		2.3 Procedures
		2.4 Statistical Analysis
	3 Results
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
Relationship Between Digit Ratio (2D:4D) and Anaerobic-based Physical Fitness Tests in Children
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
		2.1 Subject Selection
		2.2 Assessment of 2D:4D
		2.3 Assessment of Physical Fitness
		2.4 Statistical Analysis
	3 Results
		3.1 Comparison of 2D:4D Between Male and Female
		3.2 Relationship of Age and BMI Towards to Digit Ratio
		3.3 Comparison Between Low and High Digit Ratio on Anaerobic Physical Fitness
	4 Discussion
		4.1 Comparison the Status of 2D:4D on Male and Female
		4.2 Effect of Age and BMI on 2D:4D
		4.3 Comparison Between Low and High 2D:4D on Anaerobic Physical Fitness
	5 Conclusion
	References
Sports Fan’s Motivation among Tunku Abdul Rahman University College (TARUC) Students—An Overview
	1 Introduction
	2 Purpose of Study
	3 Significance of Study
	4 Methods
	5 Findings
	6 Summary
	7 Recommendation
	8 Contribution of Authors
	References
Differences of Knee Flexion Angle at Landing Between Dynamic Tasks: Implication Towards ACL Injury Screening in Females
	1 Introduction
	2 Methods
		2.1 Instrumentation
		2.2 Procedures
		2.3 Kinematic Assessment of the Dynamic Tasks
		2.4 Data Analysis
	3 Results
	4 Discussion
	References
Changes on EEG Power Spectrum with Carbohydrate Mouth Rinsing
	1 Introduction
	2 Methods
		2.1 Participants
		2.2 Experimental Protocol
		2.3 EEG Data Acquisition, Processing, and Future Extraction
		2.4 Mouth Rinsing Solution and Procedures
		2.5 Statistical Analysis
	3 Results
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
Comparisons of Physical Activity Patterns in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Typically Developing Children
	1 Introduction
	2 Methods
		2.1 Participants
		2.2 Measurements
		2.3 Data Analysis
	3 Result
	4 Discussion
	5 Limitation
	6 Recommendation
	7 Conclusion
	References
Effects of Core Stability Training Among Low Back Pain Malaysian Elite Sailor Athletes
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Problem Statement
	2 Methodology
		2.1 Research Design
		2.2 Participants
		2.3 Sample Size
		2.4 Research Procedure
		2.5 Statistical Analysis
	3 Results
		3.1 Physical Characteristics of Participants
		3.2 Pain Threshold
		3.3 2000-m Rowing Performance
		3.4 Isometric Back-Leg Strength
		3.5 Flexor Endurance
	4 Discussion
		4.1 Pain Threshold
		4.2 Rowing Performance
		4.3 Isometric Back Strength
		4.4 Flexor Endurance
	5 Conclusion
	References
Comparison of Ballet Barre and Center Training on Lower-Limb Active Flexibility and Dynamic Balance in Young Recreational Rhythmic Gymnasts
	1 Introduction
	2 Methods
		2.1 Participants
		2.2 Procedure
		2.3 Statistical Analysis
	3 Results
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
The Effect of Short-Duration Resistance Training Voluntary to Failure on Muscle Adaptation of Men in Overweight
	1 Introduction
	2 Methods
		2.1 Ethical Approval
		2.2 Participants
		2.3 Study Protocol
		2.4 Resistance Training Intervention
		2.5 Data Analysis
	3 Results
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
Understanding Emotional Intelligence and Personality to Athletes’ Performances: a Systematic Literature
	1 Introduction
	2 Method
	3 Result
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
Association of Arch Height of the Foot and Jump Capacity in Youth Soccer Athletes
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
		2.1 Participants
		2.2 Arch Height Index (AHI)
		2.3 Jump Capacity
		2.4 Statistical Analysis
	3 Results
		3.1 BMI, Foot Instep Height, and Total Foot Length
		3.2 Jump Capacity
		3.3 Association Between AHI and Jump Capacity
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
The Relationship Between Leg Preference and Bilateral Asymmetry in Muscular Strength Among Taekwondo Athletes
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Background of Study
		1.2 Research Problem
	2 Participants
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Introduction
		3.2 Research Design
		3.3 Population/Sample/Subjects/Sampling Techniques
		3.4 Instrumentation
		3.5 FIFA Standard Soccer Ball
		3.6 Data Collection (Procedures)
		3.7 Data Analysis
		3.8 Sample Size
	4 Results
	5 Discussion
	References
Coaches’ Needs Satisfaction, Psychological Needs Thwarting and Motivation in Coaching
	1 Introduction
	2 Methods
		2.1 Participants and Procedure
		2.2 Measure
		2.3 Data Analysis
	3 Results
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
Investigation of Coaching Effectiveness and Perfectionist in Sports: A Systematic Review
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
	3 Results
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
Effect of Both Side up Ball and the Biodex Balance System Training on Static and Dynamic Balance Among Overweight Sedentary Collegiate Males
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
		2.1 Study Design
		2.2 Participants
		2.3 Design and Procedures
		2.4 Training Procedures
		2.5 Statistical Analyzes
	3 Results
	4 Discussion
	References
The Effects of Foam Rolling on Flexibility and Hip Range of Motion Among Individuals with Different Body Mass Index (BMI)
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
	3 Results
	4 Discussion
	References
Effect of Cordyceps Militaris, Arginine and Citrulline Supplementation on Long Distance Runners in Hot Conditions
	1 Introduction
	2 Methods
		2.1 Subject
		2.2 Experimental Design
		2.3 Preliminary Testing
		2.4 Experimental Trials
		2.5 Statistical Analysis
	3 Results
		3.1 Time to Exhaustion
		3.2 Heart Rate Responses
		3.3 Oxygen Uptake (VO2) Responses
		3.4 Thermoregulatory Response (Core Temperature and Skin Temperature)
		3.5 Perceptual Responses (RPE and Thermal Sensation)
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References