Proceedings of the 8th Brazilian Technology Symposium (BTSym’22): Emerging Trends and Challenges in Technology

Foreword
Preface
Contributors
Acknowledgements
Contents
Emerging Trends in Systems Engineering Mathematics and Physical Sciences
Artificial Neural Networks for Prediction of Hot Metal Production in a Blast Furnace
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
	3 Results
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusions
	References
The Method of Ontological Designing of Complex Structural Events in the Study of Strikes of Aircraft with Wildlife
	1 Introduction
	2 Analysis of Aircraft Strike with Wildlife
		2.1 Interaction of Aviation with Wildlife
		2.2 Strike Risk Prevention Strategies
		2.3 Content of the Problem
		2.4 Method of Ontological Designing of Complex Structural Events
	3 Designing and Modeling of the Strike Complex
		3.1 Initial Data
		3.2 Wildlife Objects (W)
		3.3 Space-Time Media (M)
		3.4 Aircraft (A)
		3.5 Strike Event (E)
	4 Strike Risk Calculation for Management Purposes
		4.1 Calculation Task Statement
		4.2 Strike Risk Calculations by Wildlife Groups
		4.3 Development of Observation Metric of Fuzzy Strikes Events
		4.4 Development of the Observation and Strike Matrix
		4.5 Estimation of Accident Hazard and Magnitude of Strike Damage
		4.6 Aviation Safety vs Avian Safety
		4.7 Strike Event Algorithms
		4.8 Experimental Studies of Strikes
	5 Conclusion
	References
Effect Analysis of Service Entrance Box on the Wireless Communication Performance of Home Electric Power Meters
	1 Introduction
	2 Environment and System Context
	3 Analysis of Results
	4 Conclusion
	References
A Digitally Controlled Delay Generator Implemented with Cyclone V FPGA Using Timing Analysis
	1 Introduction
	2 Architecture Description
		2.1 Coarse Delay Generator
		2.2 Fine Delay Generator
		2.3 Time-to-Digital Converter
	3 Architecture Implementation
		3.1 Design Using Timing Analysis
		3.2 Tests and Discussions
	4 Conclusion
	References
Case Study of the Electric Power Supply System Between Punta Arenas Residential Complex and Talara’s Refinery Through an Automatic Load Transfer System, Piura - Peru
	1 Introduction
	2 Project Description
	3 Substation
	4 Results
		4.1 Communication and SCADA System
	5 Conclusions
	References
Application of Cluster Analysis to Electricity Generation Data from the Santo Antônio Hydroelectric Plant in the State of Rondônia, Brazil
	1 Introduction
	2 Material and Methods
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusions
	References
Changes in Salivary pH After Application of Xylitol Toothpaste Using a Digital pH Meter: A Pilot Study
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
		2.1 Obtaining the Pastes
		2.2 Pretest
		2.3 Treatment
		2.4 Post-test
		2.5 Data Analysis
	3 Result
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusions
	References
PID Controller Optimized Based on PSO for Trajectory Tracking of Free-Floating Satellite Robotic Manipulator
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Related Works
		1.2 Motivations and Contribution
	2 System Modeling
	3 Proposed Control Approach
		3.1 PID Controller
		3.2 Optimization of PID Controller Based on PSO Algorithm
		3.3 Communication Failure
	4 Simulation Results
	5 Conclusions
	References
Fault Management in Manufacturing Process: Quality Indicators for Short- and Medium-Term Monitoring and Their Interrelationship
	1 Introduction
	2 The Quality Test System (QTS)
	3 Analytical Development
		3.1 Statistical Fault Management
		3.2 FTQ Control
	4 Conclusions
	References
Analysis of Electrical Neural Data Using MUSE and EEGLAB
	1 Introduction
	2 Objectives
	3 Motivation
	4 Theoretical Foundation
		4.1 Electroencephalographic Biopotentials
		4.2 Electroencephalogram (EEG)
		4.3 MUSE Headband
		4.4 MATLAB
		4.5 EGGLAB Toolbox
		4.6 Digital Signal Processing
		4.7 ICA (Independent Component Analysis) and FFT (Fast Fourier Transform)
	5 Methodology
	6 Results
		6.1 Analyzed Channels
		6.2 AF8 Channel
		6.3 TP10 Channel
	7 Final Considerations
	References
Classification of Respiratory Sounds Anomalies Using Digital Audio Signal Processing and Artificial Neural Networks
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
		2.1 Understanding the Data
		2.2 Preprocessing Stage
		2.3 Feature Extraction Stage
		2.4 Classification Stage
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusion and Future Works
	References
Design and Simulation of a Test Bench for Horizontal Axis Wind Turbines
	1 Introduction
	2 Description of the Proposed Method
		2.1 Mechanical Design of the Tunnel
		2.2 Numerical Simulation of the Wind Tunnel
		2.3 Controller Simulation
	3 Results
	4 Conclusions
	References
A CFD Analysis of Water Jet Uniformity Using Oscillating Interior Atomizers for Insulator Cleaning
	1 Introduction
	2 Description of the Proposed Method
		2.1 Numerical Parameters for Nozzle Design
		2.2 Filter Mechanical Design
		2.3 Mesh Creation
		2.4 CFD Simulation
	3 Conclusion
	References
Batzbot: A Creativity Tool for Disabled Children
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Background
		1.2 University Extension Project
	2 Methodology
		2.1 Partnership with Specialized Institutions/Business
		2.2 Social Intervention Method
	3 Results and Discussion
		3.1 Functional and Non-functional Requirements
		3.2 System Architecture
		3.3 The Assistive Robot
		3.4 User Control
		3.5 Therapist Control
	4 Conclusion
	References
An Algorithm for the Reconstruction of 4 ECG Lead Signals Based on the Attention Mechanism
	1 Introduction
	2 Description of the Proposed Equipment
		2.1 Database Preparation
		2.2 Seq2Seq Model with Attention
	3 Results
	4 Conclusions
	References
Design of a Mobile App for Measuring the Ultraviolet Index in Real-Time
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methodology
		2.1 Cellphone
		2.2 UV Index Measuring Instrument
		2.3 Solar Radiation Calculation by Light Sensor
		2.4 UV Index Determination
		2.5 UV Index Estimation Process Flow Chart
		2.6 Evaluation Statistics
	3 Experimental Results
	4 Conclusion
	References
An Overview of P4-Based Load Balancing Mechanism in SDN
	1 Introduction
	2 Background
	3 Load Balancing Using P4 Switch
		3.1 Connection Hash Load Balancer for P4 Switch
		3.2 Random Load Balancer
		3.3 Round Robin Load Balancer
		3.4 Weighted Round Robin Load Balancer
	4 Conclusion
	References
Construction of a Low-Cost Solar Air Collector Prototype for Heating Andean Houses
	1 Introduction
	2 Collector Design
	3 Experimental Results
	4 Conclusion
	References
Automatic Extraction of Metadata Based on Natural Language Processing for Research Documents in Institutional Repositories
	1 Introduction
	2 Background
		2.1 Institutional Repositories in Peru
		2.2 Metadata
		2.3 Metadata Extraction
		2.4 Natural Language Processing
		2.5 Regular Expressions
	3 Materials and Methods
	4 Results
	5 Conclusions
	References
A Hybrid Algorithm for the Optimization of the TDoA Localization Method in IoT Devices
	1 Introduction
	2 Time Difference of Arrival (TDoA)
		2.1 The Chan Algorithm
		2.2 The Taylor Series Linearization Algorithm
	3 The Proposed Algorithm
	4 Simulation Tools and Parameters
		4.1 COST259 Channel Model
		4.2 Implemented Simulation Tool
		4.3 Simulation Parameters
		4.4 Accuracy Measurement in Localization Systems
	5 Results
	6 Conclusions
	References
Appraisal of a Rural Mobile Telephony Service Propagation Model
	1 Introduction
	2 Hata Model (Okumura-Hata)
	3 Mobile Telephony
	4 Geographical Location of the Analysis Points
	5 Equipment Used for Measurements
		5.1 Spectrum Analyzer
	6 Results and Discussion
		6.1 Measurements of Points in the Rural Mobile Telephone Reference Zone
	7 Conclusions
	References
Sensitivity of the Response of Hysteretic Models and Plasticity Models of a Slender Shear Wall to 8 Levels of Seismic Intensities in Rigid Soil
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Problem
		1.2 State of the Art
		1.3 Proposal
		1.4 Contribution
	2 Materials and Methods
		2.1 Materials or Tools
		2.2 Methodology
	3 Results
		3.1 In the Fiber-Like Plasticity Model
		3.2 In the Layer-Type Plasticity Model
		3.3 Comparisons Between Fiber and Layer
	4 Analysis and Interpretation of Results
	5 Conclusions
	References
Industry 4.0 and Its Impact on Innovation Projects in Steelworks
	1 Introduction
	2 Brazilian Steel Plant
	3 Industry 4.0: Concepts and Principles
	4 Innovation Processes in the Main Brazilian Steel Mills
	5 Final Considerations
	References
The Method of Ontological Designing of the Risk Concept in the Normative Regulation
	1 Introduction
	2 Analysis of Risk Concept
		2.1 Linguistic Sources
		2.2 Psychometric Paradigm
		2.3 Assessing the Consistency of Risk Measurability Through Uncertainty
		2.4 Risk Quantification Experiments Through Uncertainty
		2.5 Multivariate Risk Assessment
		2.6 Generalization of the Risk Uncertainty Concept
	3 Regulatory Risk Modeling
		3.1 Identification of the Risk Subject
		3.2 Derivation of Risk Definition
		3.3 Regulatory Risk Model Development
		3.4 Risk Modeling by the Method of Statistical Transport Ranking
	4 Conclusion
	References
Ontological Foundations of Safety Theory in Air Transport Regulation
	1 Introduction
	2 Analysis of Safety Theory and Terminology
		2.1 Linguistic Vocabulary Analysis
		2.2 Logical Analysis of the Theory of the Concept
		2.3 Methodological Requirements for Defining Concepts
	3 Ontological Design of the Concepts of the Safety
		3.1 Logical Derivation of Danger Concept
	4 Safety Model Development
		4.1 Solution of the Problem of the Aviation Safety Definitions
		4.2 Development of Aviation Safety Definitions
		4.3 Derivation of Definitions
	5 Conclusion
	References
Petrological Retrospective and Technological Potentials of Magnetite Nanolites in Volcanic Glasses
	1 Introduction
	2 Bulk Magnetite
	3 Magnetite Nanolites in Volcanic Glasses
	4 Technological Potentials of Magnetite Nanolites
	5 Discussion
	6 Conclusion
	References
Application of Industrial Inspection of Metal Parts by CNN
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
		2.1 CNN Models Used
		2.2 Datasets Used
		2.3 Evaluation Metrics
	3 Results
	4 Conclusion
	References
Security in Smart Home Using Blockchain
	1 Introduction
	2 Technological Background
	3 Methodology
	4 Evaluation and Analysis
	5 Related Works
	6 Conclusion
	References
Emerging Trends in Human Smart and Sustainable Future of Cities
Pregnant Women Diabetic Prediction Using 1D-Convolutional Neural Network and SMOTE Procedure
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
		2.1 Dataset
		2.2 SMOTE + 1DCNN Architecture
	3 Experimental Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusion
	References
New Technological Waves Emerging in Digital Transformation: Internet of Things IoT/IoE, 5G/6G Mobile Networks and Industries 4.0/5.0
	1 Introduction
	2 IoT Architectures, Models, Protocols, Technologies, and Applications
		2.1 Most Widely Used Applications in the IoT
	3 Evolution of Mobile Networks: 1G/2G/3G/4G/5G/6G
	4 Concept and Definitions of Industry 4.0
	5 Final Considerations
	References
A Rational Interpretation of Laboratory Direct Shear Test Results for Soils
	1 Introduction
	2 Shear Strength of Soils
	3 Materials and Methods
	4 Results and Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
Substitution of Wheat Flour for Sweet Potato, Oca, and Pea Flour in a Sponge Cake: Sensory Acceptability and Nutritional Composition
	1 Introduction
	2 Material and Methods
		2.1 Raw Material and Obtention of Substitute Flours
		2.2 Formulations and Experimental Design
		2.3 Sponge Cake Elaboration
		2.4 Evaluation of Sensory Attributes
		2.5 Nutritional Composition Evaluation
		2.6 Statistical Analysis
	3 Results and Discussion
		3.1 Evaluation of Sensory Attributes
		3.2 Simplex Mixture Design Results and Optimization
		3.3 Nutritional Compounds Evaluation
	4 Conclusions
	References
Optimal Charging Coordination of Electric Vehicles Using the Teaching-Learning-Based Optimization Algorithm
	1 Introduction
	2 Mathematical Model
	3 Teaching-Learning-Based Optimization
	4 Simulation Results
		4.1 Case 1
		4.2 Case 2
		4.3 Case 3
	5 Conclusion
	References
Evaluation of a Double Combustion Stove with Solid Biomass in the High Andean Zone of Puno - Peru
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
		2.1 Reactor Dimension Design
		2.2 Primary Air Requirement for Gasification
		2.3 Secondary Air Requirement
		2.4 Determination of Thermal Efficiency
		2.5 CO2 Emission Control Procedure
		2.6 Procedure for Evaluating the Efficiency of the Stove
	3 Results and Discussion
		3.1 Thermal Efficiency of the PIS Concerning TS
		3.2 CO2 Concentration
	4 Conclusions
	References
Characterization of the Bones of Different Bovine Breeds Based on the Microarchitecture of the Bone Tissue
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
		2.1 Ethical Aspects and Conditions of Handling
		2.2 Pre-selection of Samples and Description for Samples
		2.3 Light Microscopy and Electronic Scan Microscopy
		2.4 Modulus of Elasticity
		2.5 Nano Hardness Vickers and Microhardness Vickers and Knoop
		2.6 Analysis by Dispersive Energy Spectroscopy – Ca/P Relationship
		2.7 X-RAY Diffractograms and Rietveld Refinement Method – Network Parameter, Crystal Size, and Microdeformations
		2.8 Statistics
	3 Results
		3.1 Light Microscopy and Electronic Scan Microscopy
		3.2 Modulus of Elasticity; Nanohardness Vickers; Microhardness Vickers and Knoop; Analysis by EDS - Ca/P Relationship; Network Parameters (a, b, and c); Crystallite Size and Microdeformation
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusions
	References
Long-Range Network (LoRa) Behavior in the Amazon Region in a Fluvial Environment
	1 Introduction
	2 What Is LoRa
	3 The LoRa Physical Layer
		3.1 Overview
		3.2 Physical Layer Parameters
	4 Methodology
		4.1 Transceiver
		4.2 Receiver
		4.3 Testbed
	5 Results
	6 Conclusion
	References
Water-Resistant Characteristics of Ch'ampa Type Earth Block Masonry
	1 Introduction
	2 Weather-Resistant Dwellings
		2.1 Construction Typology Called Putuco
		2.2 Earthen Block Masonry Called Ch'ampa
	3 Permeability at Constant Load
		3.1 Discussion of Results
	4 Wear Resistance
		4.1 Suction
		4.2 Absorption
		4.3 Erosion
	5 Experiences in Reality
	6 Conclusions
	References
Contribution of the Synchronous and Asynchronous Mode in Virtual Education in a Peruvian Higher Educational Institution During the COVID-19 Pandemic
	1 Introduction
	2 State of the Art
	3 Materials and Methods
	4 Results
		4.1 Descriptive Analysis
		4.2 Inferential Analysis
		4.3 Contribution Relationship in the Teaching-Learning Process of Synchronous and Asynchronous Modes
	5 Discussion
	6 Conclusions
	References
Using Thermal Wheels for LAFIQ/Fiocruz Air Conditioning System Heat Recovery
	1 Introduction
	2 Description of the Air-Conditioning System and the Proposed Mathematical Model
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusions
	References
A Data-Driven Methodology for Analyzing Field Nonconformities in Semiconductor Production Applied to a Brazilian Manufacturer
	1 Introduction
	2 A Brief Discussion of the Literature
	3 Quality Management of Nonconformities
	4 Methods for Analyzing Critical Components
		4.1 RAC Process - Yield Rate
		4.2 RMA Process – Percentage of Returns
		4.3 RAC and RMA Processes in Concert
	5 Conclusion
	References
Shelf Life of Humboldt Squid (Dosidicus gigas) Flakes Enriched with Brown Rice
	1 Introduction
	2 Shelf Life
	3 Materials and Methods
	4 Results and Discussion
		4.1 Calculation of Shelf Life
	5 Conclusions
	References
A Portable Device for Obtaining Body Condition Score of Dairy Cattle Based on Image Processing and Convolutional Neural Networks
	1 Introduction
	2 Description of the Proposed Device
		2.1 Image Acquisition
		2.2 Image Processing
		2.3 Graphical Interface
		2.4 Sending Data to the Cloud
	3 Results
	4 Conclusions
	References
Aquatic Quantification of Toxic Heavy Metals Due to Physical-Chemical Factors in Meat Production of Oncorhynchus mykiss (Rainbow Trout) in Controlled Open Systems Case: Lagunillas-Lampa, Puno
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
		2.1 Study Area
		2.2 Gathering Water Samples
		2.3 Sampling of Study Specimens
		2.4 Methods of Physicochemical Analysis
	3 Results
		3.1 Physicochemical Characteristics of Water
		3.2 Presence of Heavy Metals at Sampling Points
	4 Analysis and Discussion
	5 Conclusions and Future Work
	References
Footprints’ Effectiveness as Decision-Making Tools for Promoting Sustainability
	1 Introduction
	2 Three Relevant Footprints
		2.1 The Ecological Footprint
		2.2 The Carbon Footprint
		2.3 The Water Footprint
	3 Their Contributions to Sustainability
	4 Final Considerations
	References
Analysis of Deforestation at an Annual Rate in the Sub-basins of the Mayo River and its Relationship with Precipitation
	1 Introduction
	2 Study Area
	3 Methodology
		3.1 ERA 5 Calibration
		3.2 Validation of the Hydrological Model
		3.3 Morphological Data
		3.4 Weather Data
	4 Results
	5 Conclusions
	References
A Machine Learning Study to Classify the Type of Anemia in Children Under 5 Years of Age
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Works
	3 Classification Algorithms
		3.1 Decision Tree
		3.2 Random Forest
		3.3 Naive Bayes
		3.4 Logistic Regression
		3.5 Vector Support Machine
	4 Methodology
		4.1 Data Set
		4.2 Data Characterization
		4.3 Algorithm Coding and Validation
	5 Results and Discussion
	6 Conclusions
	References
Appreciation of Virtual Teaching Compared to Face-to-Face Teaching During the SARS-Cov-2 Pandemic by Clinical Students in Undergraduate Dentistry
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
	3 Result
		3.1 Questionnaire
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusions
	References
Influence of Adaptive Traffic Lights for Delay and Conflict Reduction Applying the SSAM Model at an Urban Intersection
	1 Introduction
	2 State of Art
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Identifying Delays and Conflicts at the Intersection
		3.2 Data Collection
		3.3 Development of the Microsimulation Model
		3.4 Model Calibration and Validation
		3.5 VisVAP Programming
	4 Results
		4.1 Assessment of SSAM Parameters
		4.2 Delays at the Intersection
	5 Conclusions
	References
Influence of the Earthquake-Generating Mechanism of Peru, Chile, the United States, and Italy on Their Respective Seismic Isolation Standards
	1 Introduction
	2 Method
		2.1 Seismicity of Peru
		2.2 Seismicity of Chile
		2.3 Seismicity of the United States
		2.4 Seismicity of Italy
		2.5 Seismicity Summary
		2.6 Seismic Records
	3 Validation and Results
		3.1 Frequency Content Analysis
		3.2 Displacement Spectrum
		3.3 Pseudo-accelerations Spectrum
	4 Conclusions
	References
Antibacterial Effect of the Ethanolic Extract of Curcuma longa L. and Erythroxylum coca var. Coca at Different Concentrations Against Streptococcus mutans: Comparative Study in Vitro
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
		2.1 Procedure
		2.2 Ethical Considerations and Legal Aspects
		2.3 Statistical Analysis
	3 Result
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusions
	References
Management of Family Businesses in the Face of the New Scenario of Global Digital Transformation
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
	3 Characteristics of Family Businesses
	4 Communication Methods in Family Businesses
	5 Final Considerations
	References
Assessing the Early-Age Drying Shrinkage Cracking in Polyamide and Alkali Resistant Glass Microfibers Reinforced Concrete
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
		2.1 Concrete Mix Design
		2.2 Ring Test
	3 Results and Discussions
	4 Conclusions
	References
Author Index