Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Electrical and Information Technologies for Rail Transportation (EITRT) 2019: Novel Traction Drive ... Notes in Electrical Engineering, 638)

Contents
1 Study on Ball Screw Wear Model Considering the Influence of Abrasive Particles
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Wear Mechanism and Model
	3 Wear Model of Ball Screw Pair
	4 Verification of Ball Screw Wear Model
	5 Conclusion
	Acknowledgements
	References
2 Electrical Transformation to Improve Energy-Stored Experimental Capability of Rail Transit Test Line of Tongji University
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Research Methods
		2.1 Overview of Traction Substation
		2.2 Electrical Transformation
	3 Research Validity
	4 Conclusion and Future Work
	Acknowledgements
	References
3 E-Field Simulation and Voltage Withstand Test Analysis of Solid Insulators for AC GIS Used in High-Speed Railway Traction Substation
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Theory and Numerical Modeling Analysis of Series Resonant Circuit
	3 Theory Numerical Modeling and Analysis of Series Resonance Circuit
	4 AC Electric Field Simulation of Solid Insulator for GIS Circuit
	5 Series Resonant Loop Used in Practical GIS Voltage Resistance Test
	6 Conclusion
	Acknowledgements
	References
4 Research on Train Energy-Saving Optimization Based on Parallel Immune Particle Swarm Optimization
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Analysis of Train Operating Conditions
	3 Parallel Immune Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm
		3.1 Algorithm Introduction
	4 Two-Step Optimization of Train Energy Saving Based on Parallel Immune Particle Swarm Optimization
		4.1 Algorithm Introduction
			4.1.1 Establishment of Train Timing Energy-Saving Model
			4.1.2 Model Solving Based on Improved Immune Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm
		4.2 Optimization of Train Running Time
			4.2.1 Establishment of Train Timing Energy-Saving Model
			4.2.2 Model Solving Based on Improved Immune Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm
	5 Simulation Analysis
		5.1 Simulation Background
		5.2 Simulation Result
	6 Conclusion
	Acknowledgements
	References
5 Research on Comprehensive Evaluation Method of Optimized Charging
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Evaluation of Optimized Charging Method Based on Polarization Voltage Characteristics
	3 Evaluation of Charging Efficiency Based on Principal Component Analysis Method
	4 Optimize the Charging Method Temperature Rise Experimental Evaluation
	5 Conclusion
	Acknowledgements
	References
6 Study on Key Metrics of Maintenance of Cascade-Utilized Battery Storage System’s Consistency
	Abstract
	1 Preface
	2 Study on Consistency Dispersion Reasons of Cascade-Utilized Battery Module
	3 Determining Methods for Using Battery Consistency to Maintain Key Metrics
		3.1 Method Summary
		3.2 Case Study
		3.3 Test Verification
	4 Conclusion
	Acknowledgements
	References
7 Reverse Characteristic Model of SiC MPS Diode
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Reverse I–V Model
		2.1 Surface Electric Field
		2.2 Current of Each Part
	3 Model Verification and Analysis
	4 Conclusion
	Acknowledgements
	References
8 Stochastic Simulation of Traction Load for Urban Rail Transport Based on Dynamic Train Headway
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Statistical Characteristics of Train Headways and Mathematical Modeling
	3 Method and Steps of Power Supply Interval Load Synthesis
		3.1 Method of Generation of Stochastic Train Headways
		3.2 Steps of Traction Load Synthesis
	4 Specific Study on Case
	5 Conclusion
	Acknowledgements
	References
9 Transient Direct Current Control of Single-Phase Cascaded H-Bridge Rectifier Without Phase-Locked Loop
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 The Principle of Single-Phase Cascade H-Bridge Rectifier
	3 Transient Direct Current Control of Single-Phase Cascaded H-Bridge Rectifier Without PLL
		3.1 Transient Direct Current Control Without PLL
		3.2 The DC-Link Voltage Balancing Control Without PLL
	4 Simulation
		4.1 The Grid Voltage Amplitude Fluctuation
		4.2 The Grid Voltage Frequency Offset
		4.3 The Grid Voltage Phase Mutation
		4.4 The Grid Voltage Distortion
	5 Conclusion
	References
10 A Design of Ground Auto-Passing Neutral Section Logical Control System
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Ground Auto-Passing Neutral Section System
		2.1 System Composition
		2.2 System Working Principle
	3 Hardware Design
		3.1 Module Structure
		3.2 Logical Microprocessor
		3.3 Comparison Circuit
		3.4 Two-Pass Switch
		3.5 Communication Unit
		3.6 I/O Module
	4 Software Design
		4.1 Main Logic Program
		4.2 Power Outage Maintenance Program
		4.3 Fault Logic Program
		4.4 Self-Test Program
	5 Reliability Analysis
	6 Conclusion
	References
11 Parallel Control of Auxiliary Inverter Based on Virtual Synchronous Generator
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Principle of Virtual Synchronous Generator Control
	3 Parallel Control of Auxiliary Inverter
	4 Simulation Result
	5 Conclusion
	Acknowledgements
	References
12 Application of Improved PSO Algorithms in Train Energy Consumption Optimization
	Abstract
	1 Analysis of Tram Operation Strategy
	2 Analysis of Energy-Saving Operation Conditions of Trams
	3 Tramway Energy-Saving Optimization Model
		3.1 Model Constraints
	4 PSO Algorithm Based on Competition Mechanism
	5 Simulation and Analysis
	6 Conclusion
	Acknowledgements
	References
13 Design of LRC Filter for High-Power Inverters
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Brief Introduction of LRC Filter
	2 Characteristic Analysis of LRC Filter
	3 Design Criteria of LRC Filters
	4 Simulation and Experiment
	5 Conclusion
	References
14 Research on a Secondary Pulsation Active Power Filter for Single-Phase PWM Rectifier
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Secondary Pulsation Power Analysis
	3 Secondary Pulsation Active Power Filter
	4 Control Strategy Design
	5 The Simulation Result
	6 The Experimental Result
	7 Conclusion
	Acknowledgements
	References
15 An Improved Shunt Hybrid Active Power Filter Based on Cascaded H-Bridge Converter and Its Generalized Inverse System Decoupling Control
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Basic Principle of SHAPF
	3 Mathematical Model of Improved SHAPF
	4 Generalized Inverse System Decoupling Method for Improved SHAPF
		4.1 Inverse System and Method of Generalized Inverse System Decoupling
		4.2 Invertible Analysis
		4.3 Generalized Inverse System of Improved SHAPF Based on Cascaded H-Bridge Three-Level Converter
		4.4 Design of Controller of Pseudo-Linear System
	5 Simulation Research
	6 Conclusion
	Acknowledgements
	References
16 Research on Motor Bearing Fault Detection Method Based on Cyclic Autocorrelation Function Analysis
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Theoretical Analysis
		2.1 Cyclic Autocorrelation Function
		2.2 The Effect of Torque Ripple on Stator Current
		2.3 Characteristic Frequency Analysis in Current
	3 Experimental Validation
	4 Conclusion
	Acknowledgements
	References
17 Double-Loop Control Strategy for Buck/Boost-CLLLC Two-Stage Bidirectional DC/DC Converter
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Topology and Working Principle of Buck/Boost-CLLLC Two-Stage Bidirectional Converter
		2.1 Topological Structure
		2.2 Working Principle
	3 Small-Signal Modeling and Double-Loop Control Strategy of Buck/Boost-CLLLC Two-Stage Converter
		3.1 Small-Signal Modeling and Double-Loop Control Strategy of Buck-CLLLC Two-Stage Converter
		3.2 Small-Signal Modeling and Double-Loop Control Strategy of CLLLC-Boost Two-Stage Converter
	4 Simulation Verification
		4.1 Forward Working Mode Simulation
		4.2 Reverse Mode Simulation
	5 Conclusion
	Acknowledgements
	References
18 Research on Motor Bearing Fault Detection Method Based on Teager–Kaiser Energy Operator
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Theoretical Analysis
		2.1 Stray Magnetic Field for Motor Bearing Fault
		2.2 Analysis for Stray Magnetic Field Characteristics Based on Teager–Kaiser Energy Operator
	3 Experimental Results
	4 Conclusion
	Acknowledgements
	References
19 Research on Active Power Factor Correction Technology
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Full-Bridge PFC Working Principle
	3 Control Strategy of Full-Bridge PFC Converter
	4 MATLAB Simulation and Prototype Test of Full-Bridge PFC Converter
		4.1 Full-Bridge PFC Circuit MATLAB Simulation and Result Analysis
		4.2 Prototype Test Results
	5 Conclusion
	Acknowledgements
	References
20 Fault Diagnosis of Induction Motor Bearing Based on Multitaper Spectrum and Support Vector Machine
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Theoretical Analysis
		2.1 Bearing Outer Raceway Damage Fault Characteristic Frequency
		2.2 Feature Extraction Based on Multitaper Spectrum
		2.3 Classification Based on Support Vector Machine
	3 Experiment Results for Bearing Faults Detection
		3.1 Experimental Setup Description
		3.2 Diagnosis Based on SVM
	4 Conclusion
	Acknowledgements
	References
21 A Simplified Method Based on LM Algorithm for Electrochemical–Thermal Coupling Model of Tram Supercapacitor
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Supercapacitor Electrochemical–Thermal Coupling Model
		2.1 Introduction to Tram Conditions
		2.2 Physical Model
			2.2.1 Supercapacitor Electrochemical Model
			2.2.2 Supercapacitor Thermal Model
			2.2.3 Supercapacitor Electrochemical–Thermal Coupling Model
	3 Simplified Process
		3.1 Simplified Method
		3.2 Research on Inverse Heat Conduction Problem Based on LM Algorithm
		3.3 Heat Conduction Inverse Problem Solving Process
	4 Simplify Results and Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	Acknowledgements
	References
22 Review and Research Progress of Energy Bidirectional Feed ICPT System
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Topology
		2.1 Resonance Compensation Structure
		2.2 Power Electronic Converter
	3 Control Strategy
	4 Modeling and Optimization
	5 Conclusion
	Acknowledgements
	References
23 Sensorless Control for IPM Synchronous Motor Using Disturbance Observer
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Sensorless Method Using Disturbance Observer
		2.1 EEMF Mathematical Model
		2.2 Composition of Disturbance Observer
		2.3 Adaptive Estimator
	3 Zero-Low-Speed Start Method
		3.1 Initial Position Detecting
		3.2 I/f Flow Frequency Ratio Open-Loop Start Method
	4 Simulation Results
		4.1 Simulation Results in High-Speed Range
		4.2 Simulation Results in Low-Speed Range
	5 Conclusion
	References
24 A U2P-Miner-Based Method to Identify Critical Energy-Consuming Parts of Urban Rail Operation System
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Energy-Associated Network Model
		2.1 Components
		2.2 Connection Among Components
		2.3 Energy-Associated Network Model of Urban Rail System
	3 Critical Energy-Consuming Node Identification Method Based on U2P-Miner
	4 Case Study and Discussion
		4.1 Network Model of Beijing Subway
		4.2 Results and Analysis
	5 Conclusion
	Acknowledgements
	References
25 Cascade–Parallel Structure Application of Converters for AC–DC–AC Traction Substation
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Topology of the Traction Substation and the Analysis
		2.1 Topology of the Traction Substation
		2.2 Constraints for the Stable Operation of Cascade–Parallel Structure
		2.3 Analysis of Unbalance Among DC-Links of Different Modules
		2.4 The Structure of the Single-Phase Back-to-Back Converter
	3 Control of the Proposed Structure
		3.1 Control Targets
		3.2 Control of the PWM Rectifier
		3.3 Control of the Input Side
		3.4 Control Strategy of the Output Side
	4 Simulink Results and Analysis
	5 Conclusion
	Acknowledgements
	References
26 Influence of Air Gap on Electric Field of the EMU Roof Cable Terminal
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Simulation Model Establishment and Parameter Setting
		2.1 Semi-rigid Cable Terminal Internal Structure
		2.2 Simulation Model
		2.3 Simulation Calculation Method
	3 Simulation Results and Analysis
		3.1 Electric Field Distribution During Normal Cable Operation
		3.2 Influence of Air Gap Position on Electric Field Distribution Inside Cable Termination
		3.3 Influence of Air Gap Length and Distance from Joint on Electric Field Distribution Inside Cable Terminal
		3.4 Analysis of Simulation Results
	4 Conclusion
	Acknowledgements
	References
27 Research on Reactive Power Optimization Scheme of Metro Medium Voltage Power Supply Network Based on the Medium Voltage Energy Feeding Device
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Reactive Power Compensation Scheme
	3 Reactive Power Optimization Model
	4 Particle Swarm Optimization
	5 Reactive Power Optimization of Metro Medium Voltage Power Supply Network
		5.1 Reactive Power Optimization Procedure
		5.2 Reactive Power Optimization Example and Analysis
	6 Conclusion
	Acknowledgements
	References
28 Research and Application on Electric Vehicle Charging Communication Protocols Compatibility Detection
	Abstract
	1 Background
	2 Hardware Design
		2.1 Schematic Diagram of Detection System
		2.2 Communication Messages Acquiring
		2.3 Other Parts Design
	3 Software Design
	4 Test Verification
		4.1 Address Problem and Period Problem
		4.2 Content Problem Message
	5 Conclusions
	Acknowledgements
	References
29 Hybrid Energy Storage Trolley System Configuration Optimization Method Taking into Account the Whole Life Cycle Cost of the Whole Vehicle
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Hybrid Energy Storage Tram Model
		2.1 HESS
		2.2 Energy Management Strategy
	3 Multi-objective Optimization Model of HESS
		3.1 Hybrid Energy Storage System Long Circle Cost Model
		3.2 Objective Function
		3.3 Constraints
	4 Multi-objective Model Solving
	5 Case Analysis
		5.1 Recommended Configuration Scheme
		5.2 Running Simulation
	6 Conclusion
	Acknowledgements
	References
30 Review of Energy-Efficient Train Trajectory Optimization and Intelligent Control
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Speed Profile Optimization
		2.1 Maximum Principle
		2.2 Dynamic Programming
		2.3 Mathematical Planning
	3 Computational Intelligence
		3.1 Genetic Algorithm
		3.2 Particle Swarm Algorithm
		3.3 Ant Colony Algorithm
		3.4 Neural Network
	4 Train Speed Tracking Control
		4.1 PID Control and Adaptive Control
		4.2 Intelligent Control
	5 Summaries and Expectation
	Acknowledgements
	References
31 Influence Analysis on the CRH2 EMUs Vehicle Bodies Voltage Fluctuation Considering Isolated Rail Joint Discharge
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Equivalent Modeling
		2.1 CRH2 EMUs Vehicle Body Modeling
		2.2 Determination of Model Parameters
		2.3 Isolated Rail Joint Arc Discharge Modeling
	3 Analysis of Vehicle Body Voltage
	4 Conclusions
	Acknowledgements
	References
32 Hydrogen Consumption Minimization for Fuel Cell Trains Based on Speed Trajectory Optimization
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
		2.1 Train Motion Analysis and Physical Constraints Setup
		2.2 Linearization of the Speed-Related Constraints
		2.3 Modeling of Fuel Cell System Characteristic
	3 Results and Discussion
		3.1 Optimization with the Normal Power-Efficiency Characteristic
		3.2 Optimization with the Extreme Power-Efficiency Characteristic
	4 Conclusion and Future Work
	References
33 Simulation of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Based on Dual PWM
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Topology of Electronic Loads
	3 Mathematical Model of PMSM
	4 Hysteresis Current Control
	5 Inverter Control Scheme Comparison
		5.1 Amplitude-Phase Control
		5.2 Double Closed-Loop Control
	6 The Simulation Modeling
	7 Analysis of Simulation Results
	8 Conclusion
	References
34 Analysis and Implementation of High Efficiency High Power Density Battery Charger for Electric Vehicle
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Circuit Configuration
	3 System Analysis and Operation Principle
	4 Circuit Design Consideration
		4.1 APFC AC-DC Converter Design
		4.2 DC-DC Converter Design
	5 Implementation of Charging Strategy
	6 Experiment Results
	7 Conclusion
	References
35 Simulation of Power Supply System Considering Inverter Feedback Device in Urban Rail Transit
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Modeling of Traction Substation
	3 Simulation Calculation of AC and DC Hybrid Power Flow
		3.1 Simulation Calculation of DC Side Power Flow
		3.2 Simulation Calculation of AC Side Power Flow
	4 Simulation Example
	5 Conclusion
	Acknowledgements
	References
36 Study on Stray Current Distribution of the Metro Depot
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Research on Modeling Methods
		2.1 Model Architecture
		2.2 Model Parameter
		2.3 Single Conductor Device Description
		2.4 Observation Surface
	3 Simulation Calculation and Analysis
	4 Conclusion
	Acknowledgements
	References
37 Active Fault-Tolerant Control Strategy of ANPC Three-Level Inverter Based on Sliding Mode Control
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Active FTC Method of ANPC Three-Level Inverter
		2.1 Mathematical Model of ANPC Three-Level Inverter
		2.2 Design of Active FTC System
	3 Design of Sliding Mode Fault-Tolerant Controller
		3.1 The Extraction of Fault Characteristic Signal
		3.2 Fault-Tolerant Reconstruction of Sliding Mode Controller
		3.3 Analysis of Voltage Output Control Performance
	4 Design of SVPWM Fault-Tolerant Controller
	5 Simulation Verification
		5.1 Simulation Analysis of Active FTC
		5.2 Simulation Analysis of Fault Tolerance Performance
	6 Conclusion
	References
38 A Survey: Learning-Based Energy Management Strategy for Heterogeneous Multi-energy Drive System
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Typical Types of HMDS and Its Structural Components
	3 Energy Management Strategy Based on Reinforcement Learning
	4 Energy Management Strategy Based on Deep Reinforcement Learning
	5 Prospect and Conclusion
	Acknowledgements
	References
39 Feed-Forward Compensation Strategy for Suppressing Beat Phenomenon in Railway Traction System
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Problem Description
		2.1 Beat Phenomenon
		2.2 Feed-Forward Compensation and Its Difficulty
	3 Control Strategy Description
	4 Simulation Results
		4.1 Contrast of Result
		4.2 Simulation with Fluctuating Frequency
	5 Conclusion
	References
40 Dead-Band Optimization for ZVS in Inductive Power Transfer System
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Equivalent Model and Freewheeling Analysis
	3 Optimized Design of Dead-Band
		3.1 Design of Optimal Dead-Band Range
		3.2 Select Primary-Side Capacitor Based on Dead-Band Range
	4 Simulation Results
	5 Conclusion
	References
41 Research on the Improved Fault-Tolerant Control of ANPC Three-Level Converter
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Improved Fault-Tolerant Topology
		2.1 Design of the Improved Fault-Tolerant Topology
		2.2 Principle of Fault-Tolerant Topology Reconfiguration
	3 Self-diagnosis Fault-Tolerant Control Algorithm
		3.1 Topology Reconfiguration Module
		3.2 Switch State Generation Module
		3.3 PWM Output Control Module
	4 Simulation and Experimental Verification
		4.1 Simulation Verification
			4.1.1 Open-Circuit Fault of Ta1
			4.1.2 Open-Circuit Fault of Ta1 and Ta3
			4.1.3 Open-Circuit Fault of Ta2 and Ta5
		4.2 Experimental Verification
	5 Conclusion
	References
42 Reliability Analysis of Metro Traction Substation Based on Bayesian Network
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Bayesian Network
		2.1 The Basic Principle of Bayesian Network
		2.2 The Basic Principle of Dynamic Bayesian Network
	3 Reliability Model of Metro Traction Substation
		3.1 Representative Main Wiring of Metro Traction Substation
		3.2 Reliability Model of Representative Metro Traction Substation
	4 Reliability Analysis of Metro Traction Substation
	5 Conclusion
	Acknowledgements
	References
43 Study on Steady-State Output Characteristics of Three-Level Boost Converter
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Mathematical Model of TLBC
	3 TLBC Under Continuous Conduction Mode
	4 Simulation Study on Output Characteristics
	5 Conclusions
	References
44 Optimization of Magnetic Coupling for Small and Medium Power Wireless Charging System
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Analysis
		2.1 System Description and Mathematical Model
		2.2 Magnetic Path Expression of Coupling Coefficient
	3 Comparative Analysis and Optimization of Coil Structure
		3.1 Comparison and Analysis of Coil Shapes
		3.2 Comparison Optimization of Rectangular Coil Dimension
	4 Design and Optimization of Magnetic Core Structure
	5 Conclusion
	References
45 Dynamic Programming in Energy Management Strategy for Optimizing Multi-energy Drive System
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Modeling of the Multi-energy Drive System
		2.1 Multi-energy Drive System Topology
		2.2 Internal Combustion Engine
		2.3 Battery System
	3 Application of DP in Energy Management Strategy
		3.1 The Overall Objective Functions
		3.2 Basic Constraint Functions
		3.3 Algorithm Implementation
		3.4 Simulation Comparison
	4 Conclusion
	Acknowledgements
	References
46 Research on Principle and Control Method of Totem-Pole PFC
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 The Working Principle of Totem-Pole PFC
	3 Control System Design
	4 Simulation and Experiment
	5 Conclusion
	References
47 Pure Electric Brake of the Train with Speed Sensorless Vector Control
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Principle Analysis
		2.1 Pure Electric Brake
		2.2 Speed Estimation
	3 Simulation Results
	4 Conclusion
	References
48 Rule-Based Energy Management Strategy for Multi-energy Drive System
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Design of Multi-energy Drive System
	3 Rule-Based Energy Management Strategy
		3.1 Control Strategy of Power Battery
		3.2 Control Strategy of Diesel Generator Set
	4 Load Energy Management
	5 Simulation Results
	6 Conclusion
	Acknowledgements
	References
49 Vector Control Optimization of Traction Motors Based on Online Parameter Identification
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 The Design Idea of Traction Motor Vector Control Optimization
	3 Traction Motor Vector Control and Optimization Strategy
		3.1 Online Identification of Motor Parameters Based on Recursive Least Squares
		3.2 Online Identification of Rotor Resistance Parameters Based on MRAS
	4 Simulation Verification
	5 Conclusion
	References
50 T-Type Equivalent Circuit of Double-Sided Long Primary Linear Induction Motor Considering the Backward Traveling Wave
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 T-Type Equivalent Circuit
		2.1 The Equivalent Circuit Without Considering End Effects
		2.2 The Equivalent Circuit Considering Longitudinal End Effect
	3 Simulation and Finite-Element Analysis
	4 Conclusion
	References
51 Optimal Matching of High-Speed Pantograph Parameters Considering Catenary Suspension Irregular Point and Wind Damping
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Pantograph Vibration Analysis Considering Coupling
		2.1 Pantograph–Catenary-Coupled Vibration Mechanism
		2.2 Mathematical Modeling and Vibration Analysis of Pantograph
	3 Pantograph Parameters Matching
	4 Tests and Discussions
	5 Conclusions
	Acknowledgements
	References
52 Dynamic Power Threshold Control Strategy of Wayside Hybrid Energy Storage System Based on Battery SOC Tracking
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Urban Rail Transit Power Supply System Simulation Model
	3 Dynamic Power Threshold Control Strategy (DPTCS)
		3.1 Control Logic
		3.2 Dynamic Power Threshold Calculation
	4 Control Parameter Optimization
		4.1 Battery Life Prediction Model
		4.2 Optimization Objective Function ObjV
	5 Case Analysis and Simulation Verification
		5.1 Genetic Algorithm (GA)
		5.2 Simulation Verification
	6 Conclusion
	References
53 Research on Key Technologies of Energy Storage in Photovoltaic/Battery MicroGrid
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Research on Key Technologies of Energy Storage in Optical Storage Microgrid
		2.1 Power Smoothing Control
		2.2 Load Shifting Control
		2.3 Off-Grid Operation Control
	3 Simulation
		3.1 Simulation of Sliding Average Algorithms
		3.2 Simulation Under off-Grid Mode
	4 Experiments and Analysis
		4.1 Experiments of Grid Connected to off-Grid
		4.2 Experiments of off-Grid to Grid Connected
		4.3 Power Smoothing and Load Shifting Experiments
	5 Conclusion
	References
54 Performance Evaluations of DCAT Position for the Floating DCAT System in DC Railways
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Floating DCAT System
	3 Performance Evaluations of DCAT Position
	4 Simulation Results
	5 Conclusions
	Acknowledgements
	References
55 Negative Impedance Converter for Reducing Rail Potential in Urban Rail Transit
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Configuration and Operation Principles of NIC-TPSS
	3 Working Modes and Mathematical Analysis of NIC
	4 Simulation Results
	5 Conclusion
	Acknowledgements
	References
56 Distributed Cooperative Absorption Method of Braking Energy for Urban Rail Transit
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Simple Case Topology Analyses
		2.1 Two Substations on the Left Side
		2.2 One Substation on Each of the Left and Right Sides
	3 Searching for the Optimal Solution by Genetic Algorithm
	4 Complexity Topology Analyses and GA Solving
		4.1 Two Substations on the Left and One Substation on the Right Side
		4.2 Two Substations on Each Side
	5 Conclusions
	Acknowledgements
	References
57 Lifetime Prediction Model of IGBT Modules in EMU
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Bidirectional Accelerated Failure Test Design
	3 IGBT Lifetime Distribution
	4 IGBT Lifetime Estimation Model
	5 Conclusions
	Acknowledgements
	References
58 Research on Medium Voltage MMC Fault-Tolerant Optimized Control Strategy
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Improved Neutral-Point Shift Fault-Tolerant Control
		2.1 MMC Basic Principles
		2.2 Improved Neutral-Point Shift Fault-Tolerant Control Strategy
	3 Circulating Current Control Optimized Strategy
		3.1 Analysis of Circulating Current Generation Mechanism
		3.2 Circulating Current Suppression Optimized Strategy
	4 Simulation Verification
	5 Experimental Verification
	6 Conclusion
	References
59 Energy Storage System Design for Catenary Free Modern Trams
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Main Technical Parameters of Vehicles
	3 Design of Energy Storage System
		3.1 Parameters of SuperCapacitor Box
		3.2 Energy Consumption Calculation
	4 Design Verification
	5 Conclusion
	References
60 Modeling and Simulation of Multi-Vehicle DC Traction Power Supply System Based on MATLAB/Simulink
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Modeling of DC Traction Power Supply System
		2.1 Rectifier Unit Modeling
		2.2 Traction Network Modeling
		2.3 Vehicle Modeling
	3 Simulation Result
	4 Multi-Vehicle Starting Protection
	5 Conclusion
	Acknowledgements
	References
61 Research on Eddy Current Braking Control Strategy of 600 km/h High-Speed Maglev Train
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Principle of Eddy Current Braking
	3 Control Strategy of Safety Braking
		3.1 Analysis of Safety Braking Force
		3.2 Research on Safety Braking Control Strategy
		3.3 Eddy Current Braking Level Control
	4 Simulation
		4.1 Simulation Results and Analysis
	5 Conclusion
	Acknowledgements
	References
62 Extended Kalman Filter Observer Based on the Induction Motor Model Considering Iron Loss
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 The Induction Motor Model Considering Iron Loss
	3 Extended Kalman Filter Observer
	4 Experimental Implementation of Speed Sensorless Control
	5 Conclusion
	Acknowledgements
	References
63 Online Fault Protection Method and Its Implementation Based on Control Bus for Electromechanical Composite Transmission Bench Test System
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Electromechanical Composite Transmission Bench Test System Structure
	3 Technical Implementation
		3.1 Test Project Mode Selection
		3.2 Test Item Sub-Mode Selection
		3.3 Fault Protection Processing Logic
	4 Method Implementation and Test
		4.1 Method Implementation
		4.2 Test
	5 Conclusion
	References
64 Research on Transformer Core Loosening Fault Diagnosis Based on VMD
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Sparse Decomposition Algorithm
	3 Variational Modal Decomposition
	4 Simulation Signal Analysis
	5 Application of VMD-Based Algorithm in Transformer Core Fault Diagnosis
	6 Conclusion
	Acknowledgements
	References
65 Braking Energy Harvesting Strategy of High-Speed Maglev System
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Analysis of Maglev Motion Process
		2.1 Strategy of Energy Controlling
	3 Simulation and Experiment
	4 Conclusion
	References
66 Research on the Improved Time-Sharing Control Strategy with MPPT Algorithm
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Time-Sharing Dual-Mode Control Strategy with MPPT Algorithm
		2.1 Analysis and Suppression of Secondary Voltage Fluctuation on PV Side
		2.2 Implementation of an Improved Time-Sharing Dual-Mode Control Strategy with MPPT Algorithm
		2.3 Optimal Design of Power Decoupling Capacitor on PV Side of Time-Sharing Control Strategy
	3 Analysis and Comparison of System Loss Between Improved Time-Sharing Dual-Mode Control Strategy and Conventional Control Strategy
		3.1 Loss Analysis of Conventional Control Strategy
		3.2 Loss Analysis of Time-Sharing Dual-Mode Control Strategy
		3.3 System Efficiency Comparison of Two Control Strategies
	4 Simulation and Experimental Analysis
		4.1 System Simulation Research
		4.2 System Experimental Verification
	5 Conclusion
	References
67 Research on Power Conversion System Based on Multiple DC/DC Converter
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Multiplex DC/DC Converter
	3 Research on Control Strategy
		3.1 Control Strategy in Grid-Connected Mode
		3.2 Control Strategy in Offline Mode
	4 Experimental Analysis
		4.1 Grid-Connected Experiment
		4.2 Offline Experiment
	5 Conclusion
	References
68 Simulation Analysis and Experimental Verification of High-Speed Train Electromagnetic Disturbance
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 EMI Test of EMU
		2.1 Test Procedure
		2.2 Test Result
		2.3 EMI Disturbance Sources
		2.4 EMI Transmission Path
		2.5 EMI Circuit Model
	3 EMI Model Optimization and Implementation of Rectification of EMU
	4 Experimental Verification
	5 Conclusion
	Acknowledgements
	References
69 Research on a PMSM Control Method Based on Model Prediction Control
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Model of PMSM
	3 Loop Controller Design
		3.1 Speed Loop Controller Design
		3.2 Current Loop Controller Design
	4 Simulation
	5 Conclusion
	References
70 Research of the Three-Phase Input High Efficiency and Low Harmonic Battery Charging Power Supply
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Charger Configuration
	3 System Operation Principle
	4 Controller Design of the Converter
		4.1 VIENNA Rectifier Small-Signal Model
		4.2 Controller Design of VIENNA Rectifier
		4.3 Controller Design of the DC-DC Converter
	5 Experiment Results
	6 Conclusion
	References
71 Analysis and Suppression of Bearing Electric Erosion in the Metro Traction Motors
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Bearing Current Model of the Traction Motor
		2.1 Common Voltage
		2.2 Stray Capacitances
		2.3 Bearing Equivalent Electrical Parameters
		2.4 Ground Resistances
		2.5 Bearing Current Model
	3 Influence of Ground Resistances on Bearing Current
		3.1 Bearing Current Simulation Under Poor Grounding State
		3.2 Bearing Current Simulation with the Different Ground Resistances
	4 Analysis and Suppression of Bearing Current
	5 Conclusion
	Acknowledgements
	References
72 Hardware-in-the-Loop Real-Time Simulation Platform Design for Electric Rail Traction System
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 System Architecture
	3 Key Simulation Model Building
		3.1 DC Link Model
		3.2 Model of IGBT and DC-AC Converter
		3.3 Model of Traction Motor
	4 Data Acquisition and Display
	5 Simulation Verification
	6 Conclusion
	Acknowledgements
	References
73 Control Strategy of Rail Transit High-Power Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor and Verification of Semi-physical Platform
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 High-Power PMSM Control Technology
		2.1 MTPA Control Strategy
		2.2 Power Angle Control Strategy
	3 Simulation Analysis
	4 Conclusion
	References
74 Research on PWM Modulation Strategy of High-Power Permanent Magnet Synchronous Traction System
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Control Structure of High-Power PMSM Traction System
	3 Control Process of High-Power PMSM Traction System
		3.1 Segmented Pulse Modulation Strategy
		3.2 Selective Harmonics Elimination (SHE) Modulation Strategy
	4 Simulation Results
	5 Conclusion
	References
75 Optimization Control of Energy-Efficient Driving for Trains in Urban Rail Transit Based on GA-PSO Algorithm
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Energy-Efficient Control Problem of Trains
	3 Optimization Control of Energy-Efficient Driving for Trains Based on GA-PSO Algorithm
		3.1 Division Strategy of Inter-station Rail Line Intervals
		3.2 Basic PSO
		3.3 Genetic Algorithm-Particle Swarm Optimization (GA-PSO)
		3.4 Simulation and Results
	4 Conclusions
	Acknowledgements
	References
76 Impact of Inverter’s DC Virtual Resistance on Braking Energy Flow in Urban Rail Transit
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 DC Resistor of Inverter
		2.1 Introduction of DC Resistor
		2.2 Implementation of DC Resistor
		2.3 Impact of DC Resistor
	3 Modeling of Traction Power Supply System
		3.1 Traction Substation
		3.2 Traction Network
		3.3 Train
		3.4 Simulation System
	4 Simulation Study
		4.1 Traction Power Supply System Simulation
		4.2 Simulation with DC Resistor
	5 Conclusion
	Acknowledgements
	References
77 Grey Prediction Method for Cylinder Wear Extent of Automobile Engine
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Basic Methods of Grey Forecasting
		2.1 The First Step: Regenerate the Raw Data
		2.2 The Second Step: Modelling with GM (1,1)
		2.3 The Third Step: Model Checking
	3 Engine Cylinder Wear Extent Forecasting Model
		3.1 Model Building
		3.2 Model Checking
	4 Conclusion
	References
78 Modeling Analysis and Control of Bidirectional DC/DC Converter in Hybrid EMU System
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Modeling of Bidirectional DC/DC Converter
		2.1 Model of Boost Mode Bidirectional Converter
		2.2 Model of Buck Mode Bidirectional Converter
	3 Double Closed-Loop Control System for Bidirectional DC/DC Converter
	4 Design of Double Closed-Loop Control System for Boost Converter
	5 The influence of DC capacitor C on closed-loop stability in Boost mode
	6 Conclusion
	References
79 Research on Energy Configuration and Characteristics of Hybrid EMU Power System
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Energy Configuration of Hybrid EMU
		2.1 Operation Characteristics of Hybrid EMU
		2.2 Energy Requirements of Hybrid EMU
		2.3 Capacity Configuration of Hybrid EMU
	3 Research on Characteristics of Diesel Generator Set
		3.1 Basic Structure of Diesel Generator Set
		3.2 Drooping Output Characteristics of Diesel Generator Set
		3.3 Fuel Consumption Analysis of Diesel Generator Set
	4 Research on Characteristics of Power Battery Pack
		4.1 Selection and Grouping Parameters of Power Battery Pack
		4.2 Characteristics of Lithium Titanate Battery
		4.3 Analysis of Battery Working Mode
	5 Conclusion
	References
80 Dynamic Imitation Real Platform of Urban Rail Transit Traction Power Supply System for PHM
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Design of Test Platform
		2.1 System Composition of Platform
			2.1.1 Train Group System
			2.1.2 Vehicle-Ground Network Monitoring System
			2.1.3 Upper Computer Software Monitoring System
			2.1.4 Simulation of Traction Power Supply System
	3 Platform Building
		3.1 Test Platform
		3.2 Upper Computer Software
			3.2.1 Traction Calculation
			3.2.2 Vehicle-Ground Wireless Communication
	4 Conclusion
	References
81 Design Method of Fuzzy Controller for Speed Control of Heavy-haul Train
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Dynamic Model of the Heavy-haul Train
	3 Research Method
		3.1 Influence Factors of Train Operation
		3.2 Design of the Fuzzy PID Controller
	4 Case Study
		4.1 Data Input
		4.2 Results Analysis
	5 Conclusion
	Acknowledgements
	References
82 Design of Wireless Data Transmission System for Vehicle Energy Storage Components Based on STM32
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 System Design
	3 Embedded Device Design
		3.1 Hardware Design
		3.2 Software Design
	4 Conclusion
	Acknowledgements
	References
83 The Charging Control Scheme of On-board Battery Energy Storage System in Tram
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 A Commonly Used Battery Charging Current Limit Calculation Method
	3 A Charging Control Method Based on Total Charging Voltage
	4 The Experiment and Evaluation
	5 Conclusion
	Acknowledgements
	References
84 SOC Estimation of All-Vanadium Redox Flow Battery via Parameters Identification and UKF Algorithm
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Modeling
		2.1 Mathematical Modeling of VRB
		2.2 Parameter Identification Based on RLS
	3 UKF Estimate Algorithm
	4 Analysis of Simulation and Experimental Results
		4.1 Parameters Identification Based on RLS
		4.2 SOC Estimation Based on UKF Algorithm
		4.3 The Influence of SOC Initial Value on Estimation Results
	5 Conclusion
	Acknowledgements
	References
85 The Control Strategy of Hybrid Energy Storage System of Tramcar Based on Parallel Interleaving Bidirectional DC/DC Converter
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Topological Structure of Hybrid Energy Storage System
	3 Interleaved Parallel Bidirectional DC/DC Converter
		3.1 Modeling of Interleaving and Parallel Bidirectional DC/DC Converter
		3.2 Control Strategy of Hybrid Energy Storage System
	4 Simulation of Hybrid Energy Storage System
		4.1 Requirement Analysis
		4.2 Simulation Verification
	5 Conclusion
	Acknowledgements
	References
86 Vehicle Propulsion System of New MBTA Orange Line Trains
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 General Information [3]
	3 Propulsion System Overview
	4 Propulsion Functions
		4.1 Powering and Braking Control
			4.1.1 Line Voltage Limit
			4.1.2 Load Weight Compensation
			4.1.3 Dynamic Braking Control
		4.2 Friction Brake Interface
			4.2.1 Brake Blending and Holding Brake Control
			4.2.2 Other Control Functions
		4.3 Diagnostics and Vehicle Monitoring System (VMS) Interface
	5 Conclusion
	References