Proceedings of the 3rd Conference on Physical Modeling for Virtual Manufacturing Systems and Processes

Preface
Acknowledgement
Contents
List of Contributors
Discrete Filter and Non-Gaussian Noise for Fast Roughness Simulations with Gaussian Processes
	1 Introduction
	2 Background
		2.1 Roughness Model with Gaussian Processes
		2.2 Simulation of Rough Surfaces
		2.3 Related Work
	3 Gaussian Process Filter
		3.1 Discrete Filter
		3.2 Discrete Filter with FFT
	4 Experiments
		4.1 Timings of the Discrete Filter with SciPy and CuFFT
		4.2 Benchmarking Discrete Filter
	5 Applications
	6 Conclusion
	References
Phase Field Simulations for Fatigue Failure Prediction in Manufacturing Processes
	1 Introduction
	2 A Phase Field Model for Cyclic Fatigue
		2.1 A Time-Cycle Transformation in the Phase Field Fatigue Model
	3 Phase Field Model in the Context of Manufacturing Process
		3.1 Application in the Cold Forging Process
		3.2 Modeling Cold Forging Process Using Phase Field Method
		3.3 Phase Field Fatigue Model in Cylindrical Coordinate System
		3.4 Phase Field Simulation of Cold Forging Process
	4 Conclusion
	References
Embedding-Space Explanations of Learned Mixture Behavior
	1 Introduction
	2 Rangesets
		2.1 Motivation
		2.2 Rangeset Construction
		2.3 Application to Process-Level
	3 Decision Boundary Visualization
		3.1 CoFFi
		3.2 Chemical Classes in Latent Feature Space
		3.3 Latent Features in Physicochemical Descriptor Space
	4 Conclusion and Future Work
	References
Insight into Indentation Processes of Ni-Graphene Nanocomposites by Molecular Dynamics Simulation
	1 Introduction
	2 Method
	3 Ni Single Crystal
	4 Ni Bi-crystal
	5 Ni Polycrystal
	6 Summary
	References
Physical Modeling of Grinding Forces
	1 Introduction
	2 Experimental Investigation
		2.1 Requirements for Performing Experiments
		2.2 Preparations for the Scratch Tests
		2.3 Performing Scratch Tests in Dry Conditions
		2.4 Performing Scratch Tests in Wet Conditions
	3 Development of the Grinding Model
		3.1 Selection of the Suitable Material Model
		3.2 Discretization Approaches
		3.3 Simulative Integration of the Cooling Lubricants
	4 Conclusion
	References
Modeling and Implementation of a 5G-Enabled Digital Twin of a Machine Tool Based on Physics Simulation
	1 Motivation
	2 State of the Art
		2.1 5G Communication Standard
		2.2 Physics Simulation in Manufacturing
		2.3 Digital Twin in Manufacturing
	3 Modeling of the Architecture for 5G-Enabled Digital Twin
		3.1 Objectives and Requirements
		3.2 System Architecture
		3.3 Interactions and Information Flow
	4 Implementation
		4.1 Real System
		4.2 Communication System
		4.3 Digital System
		4.4 Benefits and Challenges
	5 Summary and Outlook
	References
A Human-Centered Framework for Scalable Extended Reality Spaces
	1 Introduction
	2 Background
		2.1 Terminology
		2.2 Developing Collaborative Extended Reality Applications
	3 XRS Framework: Basic Concept
		3.1 Scalable Extended Reality (XRS)
		3.2 Context of Use
	4 XRS Framework: Requirements
		4.1 Functional Requirements
		4.2 Non-functional Requirements
	5 XRS Framework: Design Solution
		5.1 Access Points and Data – RQs 1, 2, 17, 18
		5.2 Subscribing to Collaborators – RQs 11, 12, 19
		5.3 Visualizing Static Scene Components – RQ 13
		5.4 Visualizing Dynamic Scene Components – RQs 14, 15, 16
		5.5 Visualizing User Location and Activity – RQs 11, 12
		5.6 Referencing Scene Components – RQs 3, 4, 7, 8
		5.7 Manipulating Dynamic Scene Components – RQs 5, 6, 9, 10
		5.8 Scalable Interaction Techniques – RQs 17, 18, 20
	6 XRS Framework: Walkthrough
		6.1 Collaborative Prototyping
		6.2 Training and Teleoperation
	7 Conclusion
	References
A Holistic Framework for Factory Planning Using Reinforcement Learning
	1 Introduction
	2 State of the Art
		2.1 Introduction to Factory Layout Planning
		2.2 Approaches for the Early Phase of Factory Layout Planning
		2.3 Introduction to Reinforcement Learning
	3 Research Gap
	4 Framework for Factory Layout Planning Using Reinforcement Learning
		4.1 Requirements
		4.2 Description of the Framework
	5 Step 5: Manual Planning
		5.1 Evaluation of the Framework
	6 Conclusion and Outlook
	References
Simulation-Based Investigation of the Distortion of Milled Thin-Walled Aluminum Structural Parts Due to Residual Stresses
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
	3 Experiments
		3.1 Initial Bulk Residual Stress Characterization
		3.2 Machining Induced Residual Stress Characterization
		3.3 Machining Induced Residual Stress as Driver for Distortion
		3.4 Superposition of IBRS and MIRS and Its Effect on Distortion
	4 Simulation Models
		4.1 Distortion Prediction Model
		4.2 Cutting Model to Predict the MIRS
	5 Development of Compensation Techniques
	6 Summary
	References
Prediction of Thermodynamic Properties of Fluids at Extreme Conditions: Assessment of the Consistency of Molecular-Based Models
	1 Introduction
	2 Methods
		2.1 Brown’s Characteristic Curves
		2.2 Substances
		2.3 Molecular Simulation
		2.4 Molecular-Based Equation of States
	3 Results
		3.1 Lennard-Jones Fluids
		3.2 Mie Fluids
		3.3 Toluene, Ethanol, and Dimethyl Ether
	4 Conclusions
	References
A Methodology for Developing a Model for Energy Prediction in Additive Manufacturing Exemplified by High-Speed Laser Directed Energy Deposition
	1 Introduction
	2 State of the Art
		2.1 High-Speed Laser Directed Energy Deposition as an Additive Manufacturing Process
		2.2 Current Discussion of the Environmental Impact of DED
		2.3 Requirements
	3 Approach for Creating an Energy Prediction Model
		3.1 Capturing the Structure
		3.2 Process Analysis
		3.3 Analysis of the Process Parameters
		3.4 Creating the Model
	4 Example of an Application Using HS DED-LB
		4.1 Capturing the Structure
		4.2 Process Analysis
		4.3 Analysis of the Process Parameters
		4.4 Creating the Model
		4.5 Exemplary Application and Validation
	5 Conclusion
	References
Framework to Improve the Energy Performance During Design for Additive Manufacturing
	1 Introduction
	2 Research Background
		2.1 Energy Performance Issues in Additive Manufacturing
		2.2 Research Target and Tasks for This Work
	3 Framework of Energy Performance Improvement in DfAM
		3.1 Overview of the Framework
		3.2 Structural Topology Optimization
		3.3 Tool-Path Length Assessment
		3.4 Multi-player Competition Algorithm
	4 Use Cases
		4.1 Use Case 1: 2D Optimization Problem
		4.2 Use Case 2: 3D Optimization Problem
	5 Discussion
	6 Conclusion and Outlook
	References
Investigation of Micro Grinding via Kinematic Simulations
	1 Introduction
	2 Properties of the MPGTs
	3 Model of the MPGT for Kinematic Simulations
		3.1 Analysis of the Grit Size Distribution
		3.2 Analysis of the Grit Shape
		3.3 Requirements and Assumptions for the Tool Model
		3.4 Modeling of the Virtual Bond of the Tool Model
		3.5 Validation of the Bond Thickness
		3.6 Modeling of the Abrasive Grits
		3.7 Positioning of the Virtual Grit Representations on the Virtual Tool
		3.8 Evaluation of the Grit Size on the Real Tool
		3.9 Adaption of the Grit Sizes for the Tool Model
		3.10 Conclusion on Tool Modeling
	4 Setup of the Simulation
		4.1 Workpiece Representation Within the Simulation
		4.2 Kinematics and Time Discretization
		4.3 Calculation of the Tool-Workpiece Intersection
	5 Application of the Simulation Model to the Investigation of Micro Grinding
		5.1 Influence of the Feed Rate on the Resulting Surface Topography
		5.2 Calculation of the Undeformed Chip Thickness
	6 Conclusion and Outlook
	References
Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Cutting Processes: The Influence of Cutting Fluids at the Atomistic Scale
	1 Introduction
	2 Methods
		2.1 Simulation Scenario
		2.2 Molecular Model
		2.3 Definition of Observables
	3 Results
		3.1 Mechanical Properties
		3.2 Workpiece Deformation
		3.3 Lubrication and Formation of Tribofilm
		3.4 Thermal Properties
		3.5 Reproducibility
	4 Conclusions
	References
Visual Analysis and Anomaly Detection of Material Flow in Manufacturing
	1 Introduction
	2 Method
		2.1 Dataset
		2.2 Preprocessing
		2.3 Visualization
	3 Discussion
	4 Conclusion
	References
Author Index