Problems in general physics

Cover......Page 1
Title......Page 3
Preface......Page 5
Contents......Page 7
A Few Hints for Solving the Problems......Page 9
Notation......Page 10
1.1. Kinematics......Page 11
1.2. The Fundamental Equation of Dynamics......Page 20
1.3. Laws of Conservation of Energy, Momentum, and Angular Momentum......Page 30
1.4. Universal Gravitation......Page 43
1.5. Dynamics of a Solid Body......Page 47
1.6. Elastic Deformations of a Solid Body......Page 58
1.7. Hydrodynamics......Page 62
1.8. Relativistic Mechanics......Page 67
2.1. Equation of the Gas State. Processes......Page 75
2.2. The First Law of Thermodynamics. Heat Capacity......Page 78
2.3. Kinetic Theory of Gases. Boltzmann's Law and Maxwell's Distribution......Page 82
2.4. The Second Law of Thermodynamics. Entropy......Page 88
2.5. Liquids. Capillary Effects......Page 93
2.6. Phase Transformations......Page 96
2.7. Transport Phenomena......Page 100
3.1. Constant Electric Field in Vacuum......Page 105
3.2. Conductors and Dielectrics in an Electric Field......Page 111
3.3. Electric Capacitance. Energy of an Electric Field......Page 118
3.4. Electric Current......Page 125
3.5. Constant Magnetic Field. Magnetics......Page 136
3.6. Electromagnetic Induction. Maxwell's Equations......Page 147
3.7. Motion of Charged Particles in Electric and Magnetic Fields......Page 160
4.1. Mechanical Oscillations......Page 166
4.2. Electric Oscillations......Page 180
4.3. Elastic Waves. Acoustics......Page 188
4.4. Electromagnetic Waves. Radiation......Page 193
5.1. Photometry and Geometrical Optics......Page 199
5.2. Interference of Light......Page 210
5.3. Diffraction of Light......Page 216
5.4. Polarization of Light......Page 226
5.5. Dispersion and Absorption of Light......Page 234
5.6. Optics of Moving Sources......Page 237
5.7. Thermal Radiation. Quantum Nature of Light......Page 240
6.1. Scattering of Particles. Rutherford-Bohr Atom......Page 246
6.2. Wave Properties of Particles. Schrodinger Equation......Page 251
6.3. Properties of Atoms. Spectra......Page 257
6.4. Molecules and Crystals......Page 264
6.5. Radioactivity......Page 270
6.6. Nuclear Reactions......Page 274
6.7. Elementary Particles......Page 278
Answers and Solutions......Page 281
1. Basic Trigonometrical Formulas......Page 365
2. Sine Function Values......Page 366
3. Tangent Function Values......Page 367
4. Common Logarithms......Page 368
5. Exponential Functions......Page 370
8. Some Data on Vectors......Page 372
9. Derivatives and Integrals......Page 373
11. Density of Substances......Page 374
14. Saturated Vapour Pressure......Page 375
16. Some Parameters of Liquids and Solids......Page 376
19. Magnetic Susceptibilities of Para- and Diamagnetics......Page 377
21. Rotation of the Plane of Polarization......Page 378
24. Mass Absorption Coefficients......Page 379
27. Half-life Values of Radionuclides......Page 380
28. Units of Physical Quantities......Page 381
29. The Basic Formulas of Electrodynamics in the SI and Gaussian Systems......Page 383
30. Fundamental Constants......Page 386
To the Reader......Page 388
Mendeleev's Periodic Table of the Elements......Page 392
Elementary Particles......Page 394