Principles of Regenerative Biology

Front cover......Page 1
Principles of\rRegenerative\rBiology......Page 4
Copyright page......Page 5
Table of contents......Page 8
Preface......Page 14
Acknowledgments......Page 16
List of Abbreviations......Page 18
BRIEF HISTORY......Page 22
WHAT IS REGENERATION?......Page 23
HYPERTROPHY......Page 44
MORPHALLAXIS......Page 48
ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION......Page 49
SUMMARY......Page 50
WHERE DO REGENERATING CELLS COME FROM?......Page 52
DEDIFFERENTIATION......Page 55
PROLIFERATION OF PARENCHYMAL CELLS......Page 63
PROLIFERATION OF RESIDENT PROGENITOR CELLS......Page 64
INFLUX OF PROGENITOR (STEM) CELLS ORIGINATING OUTSIDE THE DAMAGED TISSUE......Page 67
SUMMARY......Page 68
GENERAL FEATURES OF EPITHELIALIZATION......Page 70
MODEL SYSTEMS OF EPITHELIAL HEALING......Page 73
ANALYSIS OF EVENTS IN THE EPITHELIALIZATION OF WOUNDS......Page 80
ELECTRIC FIELDS AND EPITHELIALIZATION......Page 86
EPITHELIAL PHAGOCYTOSIS AND HISTOLYSIS......Page 87
REGENERATION OF EPIDERMAL APPENDAGES......Page 88
RELATION BETWEEN EPITHELIALIZATION AND EPIMORPHIC REGENERATION......Page 89
SUMMARY......Page 91
PRINCIPLES OF CELL–SUBSTRATE INTERACTIONS......Page 94
THE SUBSTRATE IN EPIDERMAL WOUND HEALING......Page 97
THE SUBSTRATE IN THE REGENERATION OF A MUSCLE FIBER......Page 99
THE SUBSTRATE IN AXONAL REGENERATION......Page 102
THE SUBSTRATE IN EPIMORPHIC REGENERATION......Page 106
SUBSTRATE AS AN INDUCER......Page 108
NATURAL SUBSTRATES IN GUIDED TISSUE REGENERATION......Page 109
WHAT ARE PROPERTIES OF A GOOD NATURAL REGENERATIVE SUBSTRATE?......Page 111
SUMMARY......Page 113
THE AMPHIBIAN LIMB......Page 114
HUMAN FINGERTIPS AND THE MAMMALIAN LIMB......Page 118
ANTLER REGENERATION......Page 120
MAMMALIAN EAR HOLE REGENERATION......Page 122
CATFISH BARBEL REGENERATION......Page 123
MAMMALIAN SKELETAL MUSCLE REGENERATION......Page 126
LENS REGENERATION IN NEWTS......Page 127
SUMMARY......Page 129
EPIMORPHIC REGENERATION......Page 132
TISSUE REGENERATION......Page 141
SUMMARY......Page 145
TYPES OF MORPHOGENETIC PHENOMENA......Page 148
MAJOR CONCEPTS IN MORPHOGENESIS......Page 154
EXAMPLES OF MORPHOGENETIC CONTROL IN REGENERATING SYSTEMS......Page 163
SUMMARY......Page 184
CHAPTER 8: Reintegrative Processes in Regeneration......Page 186
SKELETAL TISSUES......Page 187
SKELETAL MUSCLE......Page 197
NERVOUS SYSTEM......Page 201
ANGIOGENESIS......Page 205
REGENERATING LIMB......Page 207
SUMMARY......Page 209
AMPHIBIAN LIMB......Page 210
AMPHIBIAN TAIL......Page 214
AMPHIBIAN LENS......Page 215
MAMMALIAN SKELETAL MUSCLE......Page 217
SUMMARY......Page 225
CHAPTER 10: Regeneration and Aging......Page 226
AGING AND REGENERATION IN INDIVIDUAL ORGAN SYSTEMS......Page 227
EPIMORPHIC SYSTEMS......Page 236
GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF REGENERATION IN OLD AGE......Page 237
MAJOR ISSUES IN REGENERATION AND AGING......Page 238
SUMMARY......Page 241
CHAPTER 11: Influence of the Environment on Mammalian Regeneration......Page 242
THE INFLUENCE OF SUBSTRATE......Page 243
CELLULAR ENVIRONMENT......Page 245
LOCAL GROWTH FACTORS......Page 246
VASCULAR ENVIRONMENT......Page 247
SYSTEMIC HORMONAL INFLUENCES......Page 248
IMMUNOLOGIC ENVIRONMENT......Page 250
MECHANICAL ENVIRONMENT......Page 253
BIOELECTRIC ENVIRONMENT......Page 254
SUMMARY......Page 258
CHAPTER 12: Stem Cells, Plasticity, and Regeneration......Page 260
WHAT IS A STEM CELL?......Page 261
WHERE ARE ADULT STEM CELLS FOUND?......Page 265
PROPERTIES OF ADULT STEM CELLS......Page 266
STEM CELLS IN REGENERATION AND TISSUE RECONSTRUCTION......Page 267
EXAMPLES OF STEM-CELL PARTICIPATION IN REGENERATION......Page 269
INTEGRATING STEM-CELL BIOLOGY WITH NATURAL REGENERATION......Page 278
SUMMARY......Page 279
CHAPTER 13: Tissue Engineering and Regeneration......Page 280
CELLULAR SOURCES......Page 282
MATRICES AND SUBSTRATES......Page 284
GROWTH FACTORS AND CYTOKINES IN TISSUE ENGINEERING......Page 287
VASCULARIZATION AND NEUROTIZATION......Page 292
MECHANICAL ENVIRONMENT......Page 295
IMMUNE ACCEPTANCE AND BIOCOMPATIBILITY ISSUES......Page 298
SUMMARY......Page 299
LIMB REGENERATION......Page 300
STIMULATION OF REGENERATION IN THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM......Page 311
STIMULATION OF BONE REGENERATION......Page 319
CARDIAC MUSCLE......Page 321
SUMMARY......Page 324
WHAT HAVE WE LEARNED?......Page 326
WHERE ARE WE HEADING?......Page 337
CONCLUSION......Page 344
REFERENCES......Page 346
Index......Page 392