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ویرایش: [16 ed.] نویسندگان: Gerard J. Tortora, Bryan H. Derrickson سری: ISBN (شابک) : 9781119662792, 2020028081 ناشر: Wiley سال نشر: 2020 تعداد صفحات: 1297 زبان: English فرمت فایل : PDF (درصورت درخواست کاربر به PDF، EPUB یا AZW3 تبدیل می شود) حجم فایل: 157 Mb
در صورت تبدیل فایل کتاب Principles of Anatomy and Physiology به فرمت های PDF، EPUB، AZW3، MOBI و یا DJVU می توانید به پشتیبان اطلاع دهید تا فایل مورد نظر را تبدیل نمایند.
توجه داشته باشید کتاب اصول آناتومی و فیزیولوژی نسخه زبان اصلی می باشد و کتاب ترجمه شده به فارسی نمی باشد. وبسایت اینترنشنال لایبرری ارائه دهنده کتاب های زبان اصلی می باشد و هیچ گونه کتاب ترجمه شده یا نوشته شده به فارسی را ارائه نمی دهد.
Cover Title Page Copyright About the Authors Preface Acknowledgments Brief Contents Contents Chapter 1: An Introduction to the Human Body 1.1 Anatomy and Physiology Defined 1.2 Levels of Structural Organization and Body Systems 1.3 Characteristics of the Living Human Organism 1.4 Homeostasis 1.5 Basic Anatomical Terminology 1.6 Aging and Homeostasis 1.7 Medical Imaging Chapter Review Critical Thinking Questions Answers to Figure Questions Chapter 2: The Chemical Level of Organization 2.1 How Matter Is Organized 2.2 Chemical Bonds 2.3 Chemical Reactions 2.4 Inorganic Compounds and Solutions 2.5 Overview of Organic Compounds 2.6 Carbohydrates 2.7 Lipids 2.8 Proteins 2.9 Nucleic Acids 2.10 Adenosine Triphosphate Chapter Review Critical Thinking Questions Answers to Figure Questions Chapter 3: The Cellular Level of Organization 3.1 Parts of a Cell 3.2 The Plasma Membrane 3.3 Transport Across the Plasma Membrane 3.4 Cytoplasm 3.5 Nucleus 3.6 Protein Synthesis 3.7 Cell Division 3.8 Cellular Diversity 3.9 Aging and Cells Chapter Review Critical Thinking Questions Answers to Figure Questions Chapter 4: The Tissue Level of Organization 4.1 Types of Tissues 4.2 Cell Junctions 4.3 Comparison Between Epithelial and Connective Tissues 4.4 Epithelial Tissue 4.5 Connective Tissue 4.6 Membranes 4.7 Muscular Tissue 4.8 Nervous Tissue 4.9 Excitable Cells 4.10 Tissue Repair: Restoring Homeostasis 4.11 Aging and Tissues Chapter Review Critical Thinking Questions Answers to Figure Questions Chapter 5: The Integumentary System 5.1 Structure of the Skin 5.2 Accessory Structures of the Skin 5.3 Types of Skin 5.4 Functions of the Skin 5.5 Maintaining Homeostasis: Skin Wound Healing 5.6 Development of the Integumentary System 5.7 Aging and the Integumentary System Chapter Review Critical Thinking Questions Answers to Figure Questions Chapter 6: The Skeletal System: Bone Tissue 6.1 Functions of Bone and the Skeletal System 6.2 Structure of Bone 6.3 Histology of Bone Tissue 6.4 Blood and Nerve Supply of Bone 6.5 Bone Formation 6.6 Fracture and Repair of Bone 6.7 Bone’s Role in Calcium Homeostasis 6.8 Exercise and Bone Tissue 6.9 Aging and Bone Tissue Chapter Review Critical Thinking Questions Answers to Figure Questions Chapter 7: The Skeletal System: The Axial Skeleton 7.1 Divisions of the Skeletal System 7.2 Types of Bones 7.3 Bone Surface Markings 7.4 Skull: An Overview 7.5 Cranial Cavity Bones 7.6 Facial Bones 7.7 Special Features of the Skull 7.8 Hyoid Bone 7.9 Vertebral Column 7.10 Vertebral Regions 7.11 Thorax Chapter Review Critical Thinking Questions Answers to Figure Questions Chapter 8: The Skeletal System: The Appendicular Skeleton 8.1 Pectoral (Shoulder) Girdle 8.2 Upper Limb (Extremity) 8.3 Pelvic (Hip) Girdle 8.4 Greater and Lesser Pelves 8.5 Comparison of Female and Male Pelves 8.6 Lower Limb (Extremity) 8.7 Development of the Skeletal System Chapter Review Critical Thinking Questions Answers to Figure Questions Chapter 9: Joints 9.1 Joint Classification 9.2 Fibrous Joints 9.3 Cartilaginous Joints 9.4 Synovial Joints 9.5 Types of Movements at Synovial Joints 9.6 Types of Synovial Joints 9.7 Factors Affecting Contact and Range of Motion at Synovial Joints 9.8 Selected Joints of the Body 9.9 Temporomandibular Joint 9.10 Glenohumeral (Shoulder) Joint 9.11 Elbow Joint 9.12 Hip Joint 9.13 Knee Joint 9.14 Aging and Joints 9.15 Arthroplasty Chapter Review Critical Thinking Questions Answers to Figure Questions Chapter 10: Muscular Tissue 10.1 Overview of Muscular Tissue 10.2 Structure of Skeletal Muscle Tissue 10.3 Contraction and Relaxation of Skeletal Muscle Fibers 10.4 Muscle Metabolism 10.5 Control of Muscle Tension 10.6 Types of Skeletal Muscle Fibers 10.7 Exercise and Skeletal Muscle Tissue 10.8 Cardiac Muscle Tissue 10.9 Smooth Muscle Tissue 10.10 Regeneration of Muscular Tissue 10.11 Development of Muscle 10.12 Aging and Muscular Tissue Chapter Review Critical Thinking Questions Answers to Figure Questions Chapter 11: The Muscular System 11.1 How Skeletal Muscles Produce Movements 11.2 How Skeletal Muscles Are Named 11.3 Overview of the Principal Skeletal Muscles 11.4 Muscles of the Head That Produce Facial Expressions 11.5 Muscles of the Head That Move the Eyeballs and Upper Eyelids 11.6 Muscles That Move the Mandible and Assist in Mastication and Speech 11.7 Muscles of the Head That Move the Tongue and Assist in Mastication and Speech 11.8 Muscles of the Anterior Neck That Assist in Deglutition and Speech 11.9 Muscles of the Neck That Move the Head 11.10 Muscles of the Abdomen That Protect Abdominal Viscera and Move the Vertebral Column 11.11 Muscles of the Thorax That Assist in Breathing 11.12 Muscles of the Pelvic Floor That Support the Pelvic Viscera and Function as Sphincters 11.13 Muscles of the Perineum 11.14 Muscles of the Thorax That Move the Pectoral Girdle 11.15 Muscles of the Thorax and Shoulder That Move the Humerus 11.16 Muscles of the Arm That Move the Radius and Ulna 11.17 Muscles of the Forearm That Move the Wrist, Hand, Thumb, and Digits 11.18 Muscles of the Palm That Move the Digits—Intrinsic Muscles of the Hand 11.19 Muscles of the Neck and Back That Move the Vertebral Column 11.20 Muscles of the Gluteal Region That Move the Femur 11.21 Muscles of the Thigh That Move the Femur, Tibia, and Fibula 11.22 Muscles of the Leg That Move the Foot and Toes 11.23 Intrinsic Muscles of the Foot That Move the Toes Chapter Review Critical Thinking Questions Answers to Figure Questions Chapter 12: Nervous Tissue 12.1 Overview of the Nervous System 12.2 Histology of Nervous Tissue 12.3 Electrical Signals in Neurons: An Overview 12.4 Resting Membrane Potential 12.5 Graded Potentials 12.6 Action Potentials 12.7 Signal Transmission at Synapses 12.8 Neurotransmitters 12.9 Neural Circuits 12.10 Regeneration and Repair of Nervous Tissue Chapter Review Critical Thinking Questions Answers to Figure Questions Chapter 13: The Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves 13.1 Spinal Cord Anatomy 13.2 Spinal Nerves 13.3 Cervical Plexus 13.4 Brachial Plexus 13.5 Lumbar Plexus 13.6 Sacral and Coccygeal Plexuses 13.7 Spinal Cord Physiology Chapter Review Critical Thinking Questions Answers to Figure Questions Chapter 14: The Brain and Cranial Nerves 14.1 Brain Organization, Protection, and Blood Supply 14.2 Cerebrospinal Fluid 14.3 The Brainstem and Reticular Formation 14.4 The Cerebellum 14.5 The Diencephalon 14.6 The Cerebrum 14.7 Functional Organization of the Cerebral Cortex 14.8 Cranial Nerves: An Overview 14.9 Olfactory (I) Nerve 14.10 Optic (II) Nerve 14.11 Oculomotor (III), Trochlear (IV), and Abducens (VI) Nerves 14.12 Trigeminal (V) Nerve 14.13 Facial (VII) Nerve 14.14 Vestibulocochlear (VIII) Nerve 14.15 Glossopharyngeal (IX) Nerve 14.16 Vagus (X) Nerve 14.17 Accessory (XI) Nerve 14.18 Hypoglossal (XII) Nerve 14.19 Development of the Nervous System 14.20 Aging and the Nervous System Chapter Review Critical Thinking Questions Answers to Figure Questions Chapter 15: The Autonomic Nervous System 15.1 Comparison of Somatic and Autonomic Nervous Systems 15.2 Anatomy of Autonomic Motor Pathways 15.3 ANS Neurotransmitters and Receptors 15.4 Physiology of the ANS 15.5 Integration and Control of Autonomic Functions Chapter Review Critical Thinking Questions Answers to Figure Questions Chapter 16: Sensory, Motor, and Integrative Systems 16.1 Sensation 16.2 Somatic Sensations 16.3 Somatic Sensory Pathways 16.4 Control of Body Movement 16.5 Integrative Functions of the Cerebrum Chapter Review Critical Thinking Questions Answers to Figure Questions Chapter 17: The Special Senses 17.1 Olfaction: Sense of Smell 17.2 Gustation: Sense of Taste 17.3 Vision: An Overview 17.4 Accessory Structures of the Eye 17.5 Anatomy of the Eyeball 17.6 Physiology of Vision 17.7 Hearing 17.8 Equilibrium 17.9 Development of the Eyes and Ears 17.10 Aging and the Special Senses Chapter Review Critical Thinking Questions Answers to Figure Questions Chapter 18: The Endocrine System 18.1 Comparison of Control by the Nervous and Endocrine Systems 18.2 Endocrine Glands 18.3 Hormone Activity 18.4 Mechanisms of Hormone Action 18.5 Control of Hormone Secretion 18.6 Hypothalamus and Pituitary Gland 18.7 Thyroid Gland 18.8 Parathyroid Glands 18.9 Suprarenal (Adrenal) Glands 18.10 Pancreatic Islets 18.11 Ovaries and Testes 18.12 Pineal Gland and Thymus 18.13 Other Endocrine Tissues and Organs, Eicosanoids, and Growth Factors 18.14 The Stress Response 18.15 Development of the Endocrine System 18.16 Aging and the Endocrine System Chapter Review Critical Thinking Questions Answers to Figure Questions Chapter 19: The Cardiovascular System: The Blood 19.1 Functions and Properties of Blood 19.2 Formation of Blood Cells 19.3 Red Blood Cells 19.4 White Blood Cells 19.5 Platelets 19.6 Stem Cell Transplants from Bone Marrow and Cord Blood 19.7 Hemostasis 19.8 Blood Groups and Blood Types Chapter Review Critical Thinking Questions Answers to Figure Questions Chapter 20: The Cardiovascular System: The Heart 20.1 Anatomy of the Heart 20.2 Heart Valves and Circulation of Blood 20.3 Cardiac Muscle Tissue and the Cardiac Conduction System 20.4 The Cardiac Cycle 20.5 Cardiac Output 20.6 Exercise and the Heart 20.7 Help for Failing Hearts 20.8 Development of the Heart Chapter Review Critical Thinking Questions Answers to Figure Questions Chapter 21: The Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels and Hemodynamics 21.1 Structure and Function of Blood Vessels 21.2 Capillary Exchange 21.3 Hemodynamics: Factors Affecting Blood Flow 21.4 Control of Blood Pressure and Blood Flow 21.5 Checking Circulation 21.6 Shock and Homeostasis 21.7 Circulatory Routes: Systemic Circulation 21.8 The Aorta and Its Branches 21.9 Ascending Aorta 21.10 The Aortic Arch 21.11 Thoracic Aorta 21.12 Abdominal Aorta 21.13 Arteries of the Pelvis and Lower Limbs 21.14 Veins of the Systemic Circulation 21.15 Veins of the Head and Neck 21.16 Veins of the Upper Limbs 21.17 Veins of the Thorax 21.18 Veins of the Abdomen and Pelvis 21.19 Veins of the Lower Limbs 21.20 Circulatory Routes: The Hepatic Portal Circulation 21.21 Circulatory Routes: The Pulmonary Circulation 21.22 Circulatory Routes: The Fetal Circulation 21.23 Development of Blood Vessels and Blood 21.24 Aging and the Cardiovascular System Chapter Review Critical Thinking Questions Answers to Figure Questions Chapter 22: The Lymphoid (Lymphatic) System and Immunity 22.1 The Concept of Immunity 22.2 Overview of the Lymphoid System 22.3 Lymphatic Vessels and Lymph Circulation 22.4 Lymphoid Organs and Tissues 22.5 Development of Lymphoid Tissues 22.6 Innate Immunity 22.7 Adaptive Immunity 22.8 Cell-Mediated Immunity 22.9 Antibody-Mediated Immunity 22.10 Self-Recognition and Self-Tolerance 22.11 Stress and Immunity 22.12 Aging and the Lymphoid System Chapter Review Critical Thinking Questions Answers to Figure Questions Chapter 23: The Respiratory System 23.1 Overview of the Respiratory System 23.2 The Upper Respiratory System 23.3 The Lower Respiratory System 23.4 Pulmonary Ventilation 23.5 Lung Volumes and Capacities 23.6 Exchange of Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide 23.7 Transport of Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide 23.8 Control of Breathing 23.9 Exercise and the Respiratory System 23.10 Development of the Respiratory System 23.11 Aging and the Respiratory System Chapter Review Critical Thinking Questions Answers to Figure Questions Chapter 24: The Digestive System 24.1 Overview of the Digestive System 24.2 Layers of the Digestive Canal 24.3 Neural Innervation of the Digestive Canal 24.4 Peritoneum 24.5 Mouth 24.6 Pharynx 24.7 Esophagus 24.8 Deglutition 24.9 Stomach 24.10 Pancreas 24.11 Liver and Gallbladder 24.12 Small Intestine 24.13 Large Intestine 24.14 Phases of Digestion 24.15 Development of the Digestive System 24.16 Aging and the Digestive System Chapter Review Critical Thinking Questions Answers to Figure Questions Chapter 25: Metabolism and Nutrition 25.1 Metabolic Reactions 25.2 Energy Transfer 25.3 Carbohydrate Metabolism 25.4 Lipid Metabolism 25.5 Protein Metabolism 25.6 Key Molecules at Metabolic Crossroads 25.7 Metabolic Adaptations 25.8 Energy Balance 25.9 Regulation of Body Temperature 25.10 Nutrition Chapter Review Critical Thinking Questions Answers to Figure Questions Chapter 26: The Urinary System 26.1 Overview of the Urinary System 26.2 Anatomy of the Kidneys 26.3 The Nephron 26.4 Overview of Renal Physiology 26.5 Glomerular Filtration 26.6 Tubular Reabsorption and Tubular Secretion 26.7 Production of Dilute and Concentrated Urine 26.8 Evaluation of Kidney Function 26.9 Urine Transportation, Storage, and Elimination 26.10 Waste Management in Other Body Systems 26.11 Development of the Urinary System 26.12 Aging and the Urinary System Chapter Review Critical Thinking Questions Answers to Figure Questions Chapter 27: Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid–Base Homeostasis 27.1 Fluid Compartments and Fluid Homeostasis 27.2 Electrolytes in Body Fluids 27.3 Acid–Base Balance 27.4 Aging and Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid–Base Homeostasis Chapter Review Critical Thinking Questions Answers to Figure Questions Chapter 28: The Genital (Reproductive) Systems 28.1 Male Genital (Reproductive) System 28.2 Female Genital (Reproductive) System 28.3 The Female Reproductive Cycle 28.4 The Human Sexual Response 28.5 Birth Control Methods and Abortion 28.6 Development of the Genital Systems 28.7 Aging and the Genital Systems Chapter Review Critical Thinking Questions Answers to Figure Questions Chapter 29: Development and Inheritance 29.1 Overview of Development 29.2 The First Two Weeks of the Embryonic Period 29.3 The Remaining Weeks of the Embryonic Period 29.4 Fetal Period 29.5 Teratogens 29.6 Prenatal Diagnostic Tests 29.7 Maternal Changes During Pregnancy 29.8 Exercise and Pregnancy 29.9 Labor 29.10 Adjustments of the Infant at Birth 29.11 The Physiology of Lactation 29.12 Inheritance Chapter Review Critical Thinking Questions Answers to Figure Questions Appendix A: Measurements Appendix B: Periodic Table Appendix C: Normal Values for Selected Blood Tests Appendix D: Normal Values for Selected Urine Tests Appendix E: Answers to Critical Thinking Questions Appendix F: Medical Eponyms Glossary Index EULA