Primatology: Theories, Methods and Research (Animal Science, Issues and Professions)

CONTENTS......Page 6
PREFACE......Page 8
ABSTRACT......Page 14
Visual Communication......Page 15
Olfactory Communication......Page 17
Tactile Communication......Page 19
Vocal Communication......Page 21
Microphones......Page 25
Recorders......Page 26
Speakers......Page 27
Sound Analysis......Page 28
Experimental Design......Page 29
PRIMATE BIOACOUSTICS & CONSERVATION......Page 30
FUTURE DIRECTIONS......Page 31
REFERENCES......Page 32
ABSTRACT......Page 42
INTRODUCTION......Page 43
MATERIAL AND METHODS......Page 44
The Experiment 3......Page 45
The Experiment B......Page 46
Activity of the HPA axis in female rhesus monkeys of different age under conditions ofacute moderate psycho-emotional stress imposed at different times of day......Page 47
Activity of the HPA axis and pineal gland in female rhesus monkeys of different ageunder conditions of AVP administration at different times of day......Page 51
Experiment B......Page 53
Activity of the HPA Axis under Conditions of Acute Moderate Psycho-Emotional Stress Imposed at Different Times of Day......Page 56
Mechanisms of Age-Related Disturbances in the HPA Axis StressResponsiveness: Role of Age-Related Changes of Vasopressinergic andMelatoninergic Regulation......Page 57
REFERENCES......Page 60
ABSTRACT......Page 66
INTRODUCTION......Page 67
THE COMPARATIVE APPROACH......Page 68
On the Advantage and Disadvantage of the Mainstream Primate Laboratory......Page 69
Tomasello’s Notion of Human Pointing Conflicts with His Use of Evidencefrom the Primate Laboratory......Page 70
Evolving Language as the Framework of Pointing......Page 71
Method and Data Collection......Page 73
Conversational Functions of Pointing......Page 75
Pointing, a Part of the Game......Page 77
Tomasello’s Five Claims......Page 79
Why Apes Point......Page 81
CONCLUSION......Page 82
From Film NHK 121.1......Page 83
Conversation 1: From film NHK 276.1......Page 84
REFERENCES......Page 85
ABSTRACT......Page 88
INTRODUCTION......Page 89
THE EVIDENCE FOR SOCIALITY IN FOSSIL PRIMATES......Page 90
Body Size......Page 92
Canine Size......Page 94
CHANGES IN GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT......Page 95
CONSPECIFIC AGGRESSION......Page 96
SEX RATIOS AND GROUP COMPOSITION......Page 98
SOFT-TISSUE AANTOMY AND OTHER EVIDENCE......Page 100
RECONSTRUCTING ANCIENT MATING SYSTEMS......Page 101
CONCLUSION......Page 102
REFERENCES......Page 103
ABSTRACT......Page 108
INTRODUCTION......Page 109
1. Learning Mechanisms Seem to Differ between Humans and Apes......Page 111
1. A Natural Latent Solution Experiment: Grooming Hand Clasp......Page 114
3. Latent Solutions in Captivity II: Gorilla Nettle Feeding......Page 115
Experimental Studies of Nettle Feeding in Captive Gorillas and Other ApeSpecies......Page 117
SUMMARY AND OUTLOOK......Page 120
REFERENCES......Page 122
2. THE BIOLOGY OF MAN AND PRIMATES IN GENERAL......Page 126
3. SOME EXAMPLES......Page 128
4. CONCLUSION......Page 137
REFERENCES......Page 138
ABSTRACT......Page 142
Resolution......Page 143
Threats and solutions......Page 145
History of cognitive studies on gibbons......Page 147
Learning and problem solving: importance for captive gibbons......Page 148
Possible designs for puzzles......Page 149
Design of the cages......Page 151
CASE STUDY - GIBBON RESPONSES TO A NOVELFOOD ACQUISITION TASK......Page 153
Food Puzzle......Page 154
Methods......Page 155
Food Puzzle......Page 157
Digit Use......Page 158
Behaviour and puzzle......Page 159
DATA FROM WILD GIBBONS......Page 160
REFERENCES......Page 162
INTRODUCTION......Page 166
COMPARING MANUAL AND COMPUTERIZED TEST PARADIGMS......Page 167
COMPARING JOYSTICK AND TOUCH-SCREEN INPUT ONCOMPUTERIZED TASKS......Page 169
Project 1. Mediational Paradigm Performance with Joysticks and Touch-Screens......Page 170
Project 2. Acquiring Ordinal Sequences Quickly – Manual VersusComputerized Tasks......Page 174
TRAINING ORDINAL SEQUENCES OF COLORED STIMULI ON THE COMPUTER......Page 175
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS......Page 178
REFERENCES......Page 179
ABSTRACT......Page 184
Study Site......Page 185
Field Protocol......Page 186
Fruit Production......Page 187
Daily Path Length......Page 188
Diet......Page 189
Fruit Production and Patterns of Habitat Use......Page 191
Effects of Fruit Supply on Patterns of Activity and Diet......Page 192
Methodological Effects......Page 193
Additional Potential Explanations for the Variations in Diet and ActivityPatterns......Page 195
REFERENCES......Page 196
ABSTRACT......Page 200
COMMENTARY......Page 201
REFERENCES......Page 205
INDEX......Page 208