Prevention is Primary: Strategies for Community Well Being

PREVENTION IS PRIMARY: Strategies for Community Well-Being......Page 3
CONTENTS......Page 5
LIST OF TABLES, FIGURES, AND EXHIBITS......Page 9
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS......Page 11
FOREWORD......Page 13
References......Page 15
THE CONTRIBUTORS......Page 17
INTRODUCTION......Page 31
References......Page 33
PART I: DEFINING THE ISSUES......Page 35
CHAPTER 1: BEYOND BROCHURES......Page 37
Primary Prevention: Moving Upstream......Page 38
Prevention Works: The History of Prevention Efforts......Page 40
Primary Prevention: Recent Examples and Future Challenges......Page 41
The Case for Primary Prevention......Page 43
Putting Primary Prevention into Practice......Page 46
Building a Prevention Movement......Page 53
References......Page 54
CHAPTER 2: ACHIEVING HEALTH EQUITY AND SOCIAL JUSTICE......Page 59
What Is Health Equity?......Page 61
Determinants of Health Disparities......Page 63
Issues in Addressing Racial Disparities......Page 66
Strategies to Reduce Disparities......Page 67
Conceptual Framework......Page 69
Conclusion......Page 72
References......Page 73
What Is Gender?......Page 75
Intimate Partner Violence......Page 78
Traffic Injuries......Page 80
Cardiovascular Disease......Page 83
Depression......Page 88
Strategies and Recommendations......Page 90
References......Page 91
CHAPTER 4: THE HOPE OF PREVENTION......Page 97
Risk-Based Approaches......Page 98
The Gift of Resilience Research......Page 100
Resilience, Youth Development, and Community Development......Page 105
Recognizing Resilience in Communities......Page 106
Mapping Community Assets......Page 110
A Focus on Community Resilience......Page 111
A Framework for Resilience and Community and Youth Development......Page 112
Youth Development, Resilience, and Primary Prevention......Page 114
Creating a Resilience Perspective......Page 116
The Challenges for Public Health Professionals......Page 118
References......Page 119
PART II: KEY ELEMENTS OF EFFECTIVE PREVENTION EFFORTS......Page 125
CHAPTER 5: COMMUNITY ORGANIZING FOR HEALTH AND SOCIAL JUSTICE......Page 129
Definitions and Terminology......Page 130
Historical Context......Page 132
Women’s Health and Organizing......Page 136
Youth Organizing......Page 137
Culture......Page 139
The Wheel of Community Organizing......Page 142
Essential Qualities......Page 146
Empowerment......Page 147
References......Page 148
CHAPTER 6: MORE THAN A MESSAGE......Page 155
Public Health and Social Justice......Page 156
The Language of Public Health......Page 158
Framing: What It Is, Why It Matters......Page 159
Framing Public Health......Page 165
Lessons for Public Health Educators......Page 171
Conclusion......Page 172
References......Page 173
CHAPTER 7: WORKING COLLABORATIVELY TO ADVANCE PREVENTION......Page 175
Advantages of Coalitions......Page 179
Eight Steps to Building and Maintaining an Effective Coalition......Page 181
Conclusion......Page 192
References......Page 193
CHAPTER 8: MAKING CHANGE......Page 195
Common Stages in the Development of a Policy Initiative......Page 196
Conclusion......Page 212
References......Page 213
CHAPTER 9: USING MEDIA ADVOCACY TO INFLUENCE POLICY......Page 215
Steps for Developing Effective Media Advocacy Campaigns......Page 216
Tips and Techniques for Successful Media Advocacy......Page 229
Overcoming Challenges in Media Advocacy......Page 232
Expected Outcomes......Page 234
References......Page 236
CHAPTER 10: PRIMARY PREVENTION AND PROGRAM EVALUATION......Page 239
The Evaluation Process......Page 241
Evaluation Data......Page 251
Measuring and Evaluating Primary Prevention Programs......Page 253
Ethical and Legal Considerations......Page 257
Choosing an External Evaluator......Page 258
Conclusion......Page 260
References......Page 261
PART III: PREVENTION IN CONTEXT......Page 265
CHAPTER 11: PREVENTING INJUSTICES IN ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH AND EXPOSURES......Page 269
Environmental Health......Page 270
The Impact of Environmental Exposure......Page 271
Disparities in Health Outcomes......Page 274
Environmental Justice......Page 275
Two Preventive Approaches to Environmental Health......Page 279
Precautionary Principle......Page 280
Community-Based Participatory Research......Page 283
Conclusion......Page 285
References......Page 287
CHAPTER 12: HEALTH AND THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT......Page 291
The Intermediate Scale: Buildings......Page 292
The Large Scale: From Neighborhood to Metropolis......Page 294
Populations at Special Risk......Page 305
Conclusion......Page 308
References......Page 309
CHAPTER 13: CREATING HEALTHY FOOD ENVIRONMENTS AND PREVENTING CHRONIC DISEASE......Page 321
The Status and Consequences of Current Eating Habits......Page 323
The Food Environment......Page 325
Prevention Solutions......Page 332
Conclusion......Page 341
References......Page 342
CHAPTER 14: STRENGTHENING THE COLLABORATION BETWEEN PUBLIC HEALTH AND CRIMINAL JUSTICE TO PREVENT VIOLENCE......Page 347
Violence as a Public Health Problem......Page 348
Public Health and Criminal Justice......Page 355
References......Page 361
CHAPTER 15: THE LIMITS OF BEHAVIORAL INTERVENTIONS FOR HIV PREVENTION......Page 363
Epidemiology of HIV in the United States......Page 364
Roots of HIV Prevention......Page 365
Types of Behavioral Interventions and Their Success......Page 366
Structural-Level Solutions to Preventing HIV......Page 370
The Structure of Sexual Networks......Page 373
Conclusion......Page 376
References......Page 377
NAME INDEX......Page 382
SUBJECT INDEX......Page 391